1/ ygPmwdygw

ygPmwdygw [lonf ygVda0g[m& oufoufyif jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ]ygP+twdygw}[k yk'fcJG&onf/ (ygP=owå0g\toufudk? twdygw- vTrf;rdk; ESdyfpufí vsifjrefpGm usapjcif;)/ owå0gwdkY\ toufudk vTrf;rdk; ESdyfpufí vsifjrefpGm usapjcif; oabmudk ygPmwdygw[k ac:onf/
vTrf;rdk;ESdyfpuf[lonf wkwf? "m;? vSH paom vufeufjzifh vTrf;rdk; ½dkufESufjcif;udk qdkvdkonf/ vsifjrefpGm [lonfrSm q,fESpf? tESpfESpfq,f? ckepfq,f ponfjzifh ae&rnfh owå0gtm; ¤if;\ oufwrf;twdkif; rae&apbJ (oufwrf;raphcif) tvsiftjref aoapjcif;udk qdkvdkonf/
owå0grsm;tm; tcsdefrusrD tvsiftjref aoap&ef wkwf? "m;? vSH? tqdyf paom vufeufrsm;jzifh n§Of;yef;owfjzwfaomol\ um,uH (udk,fwdkifusL;vGefrI) apwemonf ]]ygPmwdygw}}rnf\/ acG;? 0uf? Muuf? iSuf paom wd&pämefrsm;tm;vnf;aumif;? vlrsm;tm;vnf;aumif;? ,kwfpGtqHk; trd0rf;wGif;rS y#doaE¨aep a&Munftjr§Kyf tpdkiftcJrsm;udkvnf;aumif; touf(ZD0dwda`E´)rS avQmusysufpD;atmif vkYHvjyK tm;xkwfjcif;onf ]]ygPmwdygw}}rnf\/
y#doaE¨wnfp tjr§Kyftpdkifrsm;tm; aq;jzifh jzpfap? vufonf paom tjcm;enf;rsm;jzifh jzpfap? avQmusysufpD;atmif zsufqD;aeMujcif;udk tjypfr&Sd[k tcsdKUu ,lqMuonf/ tcsdKUuvnf; y#doaE¨wnfí ESpfvMumrS (av;vMumrS) touf0dnmOf 0ifonf[k ,lqMuonf/ xdkt,ltq&Sdolrsm;tm; xdkxdk t,ltq? xdkxdktjrifrS uif;pifMunfvifpGm ½Ijrif oHk;oyf cH,lEkdif&eftwGuf y#doaE¨wnfyHk? uav;i,frsm; jzpfwnf BuD;xGm;&yHkwdkYudk tenf;i,frQ azmfjyygrnf/

y#doaE¨wnf&ef taMumif;oHk;yg;

vlom;wpfOD; y#doaE¨ae&eftwGuf taMumif; t&m t*Fg&yfrsm; jynfhpHkvHkavmufzdkY vdktyfygonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm---
1/ rdcifavmif;\ yef;yGifhNyD;p ("r®wm&moD vmNyD;p) jzpfjcif;?
2/ xdktcsdefwGif rdbavmif;ESpfOD;wdkY ul;vl; qufqHjcif;?
3/ oaE¨wnfrnfh owå0g\ b0a[mif;rS y#doaE¨opf wnfae&eftwGuf a&S;½Iwnf &Sdjcif;/
þtaMumif;oHk;yg; nDñGwfygrS (rsm;aom tm;jzifh) y#doaE¨wnfaeMu&onf/ þtaMumif; oHk;yg;wdkYwGif oaE¨wnfrnfhowå0g\ b0a[mif;rS pkawa&TUajymif;cJhjcif;onf tcsKyftjcmtc&m jzpf\/ xkdYaemuf rdcifavmif;\ om;tdrfpifMu,fí xkdom;tdrfü uvva&Munf uyfNidwnfaezdkY&m okufaoG;tpte&SdvQif oaE¨wnfEdkifawmhonf/
xdkYaMumifh rdbavmif;ESpfOD;wdkYonf xdxda&mufa&muf ul;vl;qufqHrS r[kwf/ okufaoG;rsm; vIyf&Sm; avmufatmif rdcifavmif;ü &m*pdwfjzpfvQif om;tdrfü y#doaE¨wnfEkdifrnfh okufaoG;tpte rsm; &SdvmEdkifawmh\/ odkYaomf xdkrQavmuf okufaoG; tptejzifh oaE¨wnfonfum; tvGefYtvGef &Sm;yg; vSacs\/
b0a[mif;rS pkawí b0opfü oaE¨wnf&ef &Sdaeaom owå0gonf rdcifzcifavmif;wdkY ul;vl; qufqHwkef;ESifh tqifoifhMuHKrS oaE¨wnfEdkifonf/ rMuHKvQif rwnfEdkif[k rSwf,lwwfMuonf/ ,if;odkYum; r[kwfay? rdbavmif; ESpfOD;wdkY wpfBudrfavmuf ul;vl;qufqHxm;vQif oaE¨opfwnfrnfh owå0gonf ckepf&uftwGif; rnfonfhtcsdefrqdk oaE¨wnfEdkifonf [k qdkonf/
0drwd#DumESifh 0ZD&Ak'd¨#DumwkdY\ tqdkurl rdbavmif;ESpfOD;wdkY ul;vl;qufqHNyD;aemuf wpfq,fh ig;&ufMumatmif oaE¨wnfcGifh &onf[k qdkonf/
od'¨w¬rif;om;onf r[mouú&mZf(67)ckESpf? 0gqdkvjynfhaeYwGif y#doaE¨wnfonf/ xdk0gqdkvjynfh aeUum; r,fawmfrm,m OykofapmifhoHk;ckduf jzpfonf/ rdbESpfOD; ul;vl;qufqHpOf oaE¨wnf&rnf[k ,lqvQif xdkaeYü r,fawmfrm,m Oykofapmifhxm;aomaMumihf od'¨w¬rif;om; y#doaE¨ rwnfEdkif&m/ xdkaeY r,fawmf rm,mxH oaE¨wnfonfudk axmufí 0drwd#DumESifh 0ZD&Ak'¨d#DumwdkYu wpfq,hfig;&uftwGif; aecGifh &Sdonf[k zGifhqdkjyoMuonf/ oifhjrwfvSygayonf/

refvnftar; O'krÁ&awm&q&mtajz

xdktaMumif;udkyif vltrsm;twGuf odomxif &Sm;ap&ef &nf&G,fí refvnfq&mawmf bk&m;BuD;u ar;í O'krÁ&awm&q&mawmfu ajzMum;xm;onf/ ,if;wdkYrSm---
refvnfq&mawmfar; / rdrmwmMumcef;u?
yef;&wk&moD?
yGifhpJpcgqD?
wl,SOfrSDaysmfyg;?
udef;xdkufonfh xdkool? xifa&S;½SLpkwdcdkufjim;/
onft*FgpHkaphrS?
bHk"avh þvlYjynf?
wnfoaE¨trsm;/
O'krÁ& awm&q&mawmfajz/ onft*FgoHk;yg;wGif
,HkrSm;wJh [dkt*Fg?
wl,SOfrSD wpfBudrfpufu ckepf&uf acwfjzpfonfom/0drwdusrf;#DumrSm?
vcGJMumatmif
acwfjzpfaMumif;ESifh?
pHkaygif;enf;wpfjzm?
a[mjychJyg?
onfoaE¨cef;rSmuG,fh? a&Tusrf;ESHY Munfr[mi,f? xdkt*Fgcufbl;yav;/
txufyg tar;tajzonfvnf; rdbESpfyg;wdkY wpfBudrful;vl;qufqHNyD;ygu ckepf&uf(odkYr[kwf) wpfq,fhig;&ufMumatmif oaE¨wnfzdkY&m acwftcg &SdygaMumif; jzpfEdkifygaMumif;udk qdkonf/ xdkYaMumifh r,fawmfrm,m Oykofaqmifr0ifrDu xdkt*FgjynfhpHkNyD; jzpfygonf[k ajzMum;xm;onf/ rSwfom;zG,f aumif;vS ygonf/

uvva&Munf oaE¨wnf

trd0rf;wGif; udk;v? q,fvudef;atmif; ae&onfudk oaE¨wnfonf[k rSwf,lwwfMuonf/ ,if;odkYum; r[kwfygay/ ,if;udk em;vnfEdkif&ef twGuf pdwfjzpfyHkudk tvsif a&;om; azmfjyygrnf/ ]]azsmuf}}ceJ vufzspf wpfcsuf wD;csdefwGif pdwfonf tBudrftm;jzifh uka#aygif; ajrmufjrm;pGm jzpfonf/ xdkpdwf wpfBudrfjzpfvQif Oyg'f? XD? bif[k tcdkuftweYfoHk;rsKd; jzpfonf/ ,if;ukd cPi,f[k ac:Muonf/
y#doaE¨pdwf? apwoduf? y#doaE¨ur®Z½kyfwdkY\ aygif;pnf;jzpfay:vmcsdefwGif txufü jycJhonfhhh twdkif; Oyg'f? XD? bif[k xdktcdkuftwefYukd rDSí cPi,frsm;vnf; jzpfMu&onf/ xdkcPi,frsm; jzpfonfh Oyg'ftcdkuftwefYudkom]]y#doaE¨}}[k ac:í XDrSpí aemufaemiftcsdefrsm;udk y0wåd (jzpfpOf BuD;xGm;pOf)[k ac:onf/
y#doaE¨wnfptcgwGif uvva&Munfav; rQom &Sdao;onf/ odkYaomf xdkuvva&MunfwGif pdwf?apwoduf?y#doaE¨ur®Z ½kyfrsm; wnf&Sdao;onf/ xdkodkY oaE¨wnfonfh uvva&Munf\ tBuD;tao; yrmPrSm ,ifaumif wpfaumif aomufavmuf½kHom [lívnf;aumif;? qHyifwpfyif\ tzsm;wGif wifonfh qDyrmPrQ [lívnf;aumif;? ajrmufuRef;ol\ ao;i,faom qHwpfyifrQavmuf [lívnf;aumif;? xdkqHyif qDxJESpfí ygvmonfh qDyrmP[lí vnf;aumif; zGifhqdkMuonf/ xdkzGifhqdkcsufrsm;rSm rsm;jym;vSonf/ þae&mwGif a&S;q&mwdkY zGifhqdk oDuHk;cJhaom uAsmvuFmudk azmfjyygrnf/
- uvvrnf? xdka&Munfum;? wnfaom tcg? ru©dumvQif? yg,maru? aomufavmuf pG[k? yrmPudk? EdIif;csifhqdk\/
- xdkudkwpfzef? rsm;ao;[efjzifh? y,fvSefNyD;rS? odrfarGUvSom;? oPSolpd? zsm;wGifxdvsuf? Nidíygvm? qDyrm[k? wlpGmyHkcif;? qdkwHkvQif;\/
- ,if;udkwpfcg? ypfy,fcGgí? 'DygZrÁL? wpfaomif; ol\? wpfqlqHyif? tzsm;wGifü? wifonfh qDayguf? yrmavSmuf\/
- xdkYaemufwpfcg? ,if;auomudk? &Spfjzm pdwfxm;? wpfpdwftm;rl? ajrmufuRef;ol\? wpfqlqHrQ? yrmP[k? EIdif;qNyD;um? ,if;auomudk? MunfpGm qDwGif? ESpfí wifaomf? qHyifzsm;rSm? uyfí ygonfh? auomqDayguf? yrmavSmuf\/
- xdkYaemufwpfoG,f? ,if;udk y,fbd? awm0,f &Sdonfh? ZmwdOPÖm? om;jrwfpGm\? EkpGm jzLazG;? ao;ao;rQifrQif? arG;wpfyifudk? Munfvifavsmufywf? qDaxmywf0,f? ESpfíq,faomf? uyfwG,fygvm? qDyrm[k? t|uxm0dbif;? rdefYwHkvQif;onf? ½kyf&if; oHk;q,frQomwnf;/ (tus,fudkvdku 0dbif; t|uxm ponfü ½Iyg)/

rdbokufaoG; ta&;BuD;

txufü qdkcJhNyD;onhftwdkif; a&S;uHtpGrf;aMumifh trd0rf;wGif uvva&Munf oaE¨wnf&aomfvnf; rdbwdkYokufaoG;onf ta&;wBuD; axmufyhHvsuf &SdonfrSm odom xif&Sm;vSonf/ uvva&Munfonf rsdK;aphESifh wlonf/ rdbwdkY\ okufaoG;rsm;um; &THU? ñTef? ajr? a&rsm;ESifh wlonf/
xdkYaMumifh uvva&Munf oaE¨wnf&eftwGuf pifMu,faom om;tdrfESifh tjypf? tem? tqm? a&m*guif;aom rdbrsm;\ okufaoG;rsm; &&Sd&efrSm ta&;BuD;vSygonf/ om;tdrfESifh okufaoG;rsm;ü a&m*gruif;vQif oaE¨om;oli,fü a&m*grsm;vnf; wG,fonf/ usef;rmzGUHxGm;aom oaE¨om;wpfa,mufvnf; jzpfrvmEdkifawmhay/ oaE¨om; rusef;rmu rdbESpfyg;vnf; pdwfqif;&JMu&awmhrnf/ ¤if;udk aq;uko&onfhtwGuf aiGaMu; tajrmuftjrm;vnf; ukefqHk;&awmhonf/
oaE¨om;b0rS pí rusef;rrm jzpfay:vm& onfh uav;onf zGm;jrifvmaomtcgwGifvnf; a&m*gxlajymwwfonf/ OD;aESmuftm½Hkydkif;qdkif&m csdKUwJhrI? pdwfydkif;qdkif&m csdKUwJhrI? cE¨mukd,fydkif;qkdif&m csdKUwJhrI ponfrsm;jzifh MuHKawGU&wwfonf/ xdkuav;rsdK; usef;rm&eftwGuf aiGaMu;ajrmufjrm;pGm tukeftus cHí rdbrsm;u ukoMu&onf/ ¤if;uav;rsm;onf usef;rma&; cRwf,Gif;onfESifh trQ pmayoifMum;rI jyK&mwGifvnf; xifwdkif; rayguf? rwwfajrmufbJ &SdwwfMuonf/ xdktcg ¤if;uav;onf rdom;pk twGufvnf; xl;cRefpGm rpGrf;aqmifEdkifouJhodkY wkdif;jynf twGufvnf; tm;rudk;&ay/ rdom;pka&m wdkif;jynfyg &ifemzG,f aumif;aom tjzpfodkY a&mufMu &awmhonf/

&ifaoG;[lu BudKcspfMu

]]&ifaoG;[lu cspfr0}}[laom pum;udk jrefrmwkdY taejzifh rsm;pGm oHk;pGJMuonf/ rSefvnf; rSefvS ygayonf/ rdbwdkYonf om;orD;rsm; &vmaomtcg usdK;jyefawmhvnf; tusdK;av;rdkY u½kPmydkí cspfMu& jyefonf/ uef;jyefawmhvnf; arwåmydk&jyefonf/ usdK;usdK;uef;uef;? qGHYqGHYtt? &ifESifhrqYHatmif cspfMu&onfrSm rdbwdkif;\ arwåmyif jzpfygonf/ xdktawGUtMuHKrsm;udk rSDí txufyg pum;&yfqdk½dk; (&ifaoG;[lu cspfr0)onf ay:aygufí vmcJh&onf/
&ifaoG;i,fav;rsm; usdK;? uef;? qGHY? tçvm& jcif;\ taMumif;&if;rSm rdbrsm;wGifvnf; wm0efruif;[k ,lqygonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf tcsdKUaom rdbavmif;rsm;(txl;ojzifh trsdK;om;)onf rdrd tdrfaxmifpkESifh uif;uGm&m rsufuG,ft&yfrsm;wGif xifovkd aysmfyg;oGm;vmwwfMuonf/ ¤if;wdkY\ rqifrjcif arharhrl;rl; taysmfMuL;Mujcif;aMumifh a&m*gydk;rsm;vnf; rdrdü NidwG,fuyf&yfí ygvm awmhonf/ a&m*gydk;rsm; uyfygvmjcif;udk xdkxdk ae&mrsm;ü aysmfyg;pOfuvnf;aumif;? aysmfyg;NyD;csdef uvnf;aumif; tav;rxm; *½krpdkufbJ rodusdK;uRH bmodbmom aecJhMuonf/
odkYESifhyif tdrfjyefa&mufvmaomtcgwGifvnf; rdrd bmrQrjzpfcJhav[efESifh cyfwnfwnf trlt&mudk oHk;um rdrdZeD;jzifh ul;vl;qufqHMuonf/ xdktcg trd0rf;wGif;ü &ifaoG;i,f avmif;uav; oaE¨wnf &&Smonf/ ,if;odkY oaE¨wnfpOfuyif xdkoaE¨om;wGif zcif\ a&m*ga0'emrsm; ul;pufcHpm;ae&awmhonf/ xdkYaMumifhyif xkdoaE¨om;rsm;onf trd0rf;wGif;ü a&m*ga0'emrsm; ESdyfpufcH&um usdK;jcif;? uef;jcif;? qGHYjcif;? tçjcif; ponfrsm; jzpfay:vm&awmhonf/
,if;odkY usdK;? uef;? qGHY? t ponfh om;orD;rsm; arG;vmaomtcg rdbrsm;u ]]ighom;uav; (ighorD;av;) uHqdk;vdkufwm? jzpfrSjzpf&av}} ponfjzifh ,lusKH;r&? &ifxkrem jzpf&onf/ q&mtrsdK;rsdK;? aq;tzHkzHkjzifh tpGrf;ukefatmif ukoMuonf/ odkYaomf xdk0rf;wGif;yg a&m*grsdK;um; ukoí aysmufEdkifcJvSonf/ y#doaE¨ rsdK;aph b0uyifvQif a&m*ga0'em uyfí ygvm aomaMumifh q&mvnf; ruRrf;? aq;vnf; rpGrf; jzpfMu&awmhonf/ pifppf xdka&m*gydk;udk o,faqmif- vmolrSm rdb (rsm;aomtm;jzifh trsdK;om;) rsm;om jzpfMuonf/
,aeYacwf ,aeYtcgBuD;onf ydkíyif aMumuf p&m aumif;vSygonf/ ½kyfj'yf0w¬Kypönf;rsm; wdk;wuf acwfrDoavmuf emrfydkif;qdkif&m pdwf"mwfrsm;rSm ,kwfavsmh ysufpD;vmonf[k xifrdygonf/ tb,fh aMumifhqdkaomf o&JbDvl;rsm;uJhodkY xl;jcm;qdk;&Gm;vS aom attdkif'Dtuf(pf) a&m*gonf ,aeY urÇmudkyif Ncdrf;ajcmufvsuf &Sdonf/
tdyfcsftkdifADGydk; 0ifa&mufNidwG,fjcif; cH&olwdkYonf (olYtrsdK;tpm;ESifhol) vtydkif;tjcm;? ESpftydkif; tjcm;jzifh ao&rnfhta&;udk arQmfawG; apmifhpm;ae Mu&awmhonf/ xdka&m*gonf roefY&Sif;onfh tyfrsm; taMumxJ oGif;jcif;? vdifwltcsif;csif; qufqHjcif;? jynfhwefqmrrsm;ESifh aysmfyg;jcif; ponf rsm;aMumifh ul;puf&&SdwwfaMumif;udk EdkifiHawmfu usef;rma&; enf;ynm ay;í aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/ xdka&m*grsm; r&&Sdatmif BudKwifa&SmifMuOf umuG,fjcif;jzifhvnf; rdrdwdkY &&Sdvmrnfh &ifaoG;i,frsm;twGuf rsm;pGm tusdK;&SdEdkifonf/
rdbrsm;onf om;orD;rsm;tm; qifuef;awmwdk; t½l;trl; cspfaeMujcif;xuf rdrdwdkYwGif a&m*gr&atmif taysmftyg; ponfrsm;udk rvdkufpm;jcif;? usef;rm oefpGrf;atmifaejcif;? aq;ynm ½IaxmifhESifhtnD pm;aomufaexkdifjcif; ponfwdkYudk pepfwus vdkufem usifhoHk; aqmif&GufMuygrl udk,fcE¨m usef;rmrnf/ txufwGif azmfjycJhonfh twdkif; taysmftyg;rsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;í a&m*gydk;rTm; uif;pif Muygu pdwfvnf; csrf;omMu&rnf/ pdwfcsrf;om udk,fusef;rmonfh rdbESpfyg;wdkY\ okwfaoG;jzifh &&Sdy#doaE¨wnf&aom uav;rSm usef;rm oefpGrf;½HkrQru OD;aESmufydkif; qdkif&mvnf; Munfvif awmufy vif;vufvmrnfrSm ajrBuD;vufcwfrvGJyif jzpfonf/
þonfrSm oaE¨om; r&rDuyif BudKwifí usef;rma&; ½IaxmihfrS pHepfwus pDpOfvdkufemaqmif &Gufxm;jcif;aMumifh rdba&m om;orD;yg ukd,fa&m pdwfyg csrf;omMu&jcif; jzpfonf/ xdkaMumifh ]]&ifaoG; [lu cspfr0}}[k qdkjcif;xuf ]]&ifaoG;[lu BudKcspfMu}}[k qdkcsifygonf/ odkYrSom rdom;pkvnf; tm;udk;&? wkdif;jynftwGufvnf; tusdK;&Sdrnfh om;aumif; orD;rGef&wemrsm; xGef;um;EdkifMurnf jzpfonf/

rdbom;orD; &nf&G,fcsufBuD;

rdbwkdYonf om;orD;rsm;tay: &nf&G,fcsufudk BuD;BuD;rm;rm; xm;Mu&rnf/ BuD;rm;onfh &nf&G,f csuf&SdrS jrifhjrwfonfh tusdK;w&m;udk &Murnf jzpfonf/ rdbrsm;onf om;orD; y#doaE¨rwnfrD uyif &&Sdjzpfay:vmrnhf om;orD;tm; usef;rm oefpGrf;atmif?OmPfynmxufjrufatmif? ajymaumif; qdkaumif;&Sdatmif? olawmfaumif; jzpfatmif? rdom;pka&m wdkif;jynfuyg tm;udk;avmufonfh om;aumif; orD;aumif; &wemrsm;jzpfatmif paom &nf&G,fcsufrsm;jzifh rdrd ukd,fudkrdrd aumif;pGm apmifha&SmufMu&rnf/ okdYrSom om;orD;rsm;udk BudKwifí cspf&ma&mufrnf/

ZeD;armifESH apmifhpnf;[ef

,if;okdY apmifha&SmufrIESifhpyfí tawGUtMuHKwpf ckudk azmfjyvdkonf/ wpfcgu acwfynmwwf vli,f ESpfOD;wdkYonf tcsif;csif; &nfiHum vufxyfvdkuf Muonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf wpfOD;udk wpfOD; opöm&Sd&Sd arwåm jznfhí em;vnfwwfMuonf/
trsdK;om;onf te,fe,ft&yf&yfodkY a&mif; 0,fazmufum;oGm;vmonfh tvkyfudk vlysdKvlvGwf b0uyif vkyfudkifcJhonffrSm ,aeYwdkif jzpfonf/ ,if;okdY t&yfwum oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;&aomfvnf; ZdrfcHr,frsm;tm; aysmfyg;oGm;vmrIrS pí taomuf tpm;yg rusef tm;vHk;&Sif;onf[k qdkonf/ xdktrsdK;om;tm; ]]bmhaMumifhonfvdk uif;&Sif;atmif aewmvJ? &nf;pm;udk aMumuf&vdkYvm;? 'gqdk &ifvnf; tckvdk&NyD;wJhtcg aomufygvm;? ckvnf; ZeD;udk aMumuf&vdkYvm;}}ponfjzifh ar;Munfhrdonf/
]]cifAsm;u ar;wJhaemuf uRefawmfuvnf; ajz&rSmbJ/ uRefawmhfb0rSm b,folYudkrS raMumuf bl;/ aMumufp&mvnf; rvdkbl;? uRefawmfu cspfwmAs/ cspfw,fqdkwmu olYudk&zdkYtwGufom &nf&G,fNyD; cspfwmr[kwfbl;? olYudkvnf; cspfw,f? udk,fhudk,fudkvnf; cspfw,f/ &&Sdvmrnfh om;orD; av;awGudkvnf; cspfw,f/ qdkvdkwmuAsm uRefawmf 'Dvkdaomufpm; aysmfyg; rIawG uif;atmif aejcif;jzifh eHygwfwpf ydkufqH rukefbl;/ (2) tm;vHk;u av;pm;w,f/ (3) ,kHMunftm;udk;rnhfol aygw,f/ (4) a&m*g r&bl;/ (5) &vmwhJ om;orD; usef;rmoef pGrf;w,f/ aemuf ajym&&ifawmh trsm;BuD; ayghAsm/ uRefawmhf&JU om;orD; ZeD;? uRefawmhf ywf0ef;usifpolawGvnf; uRefawmhftwGufeJY pdwfrqif;&J&wJhtjyif *kPf,l0Hh<um;EdkifMuw,faygh/ aemuf t&d,molawmf pifawG&JU cspfcifjrwfEdk;jcif; pwJh tusdK;w&m; awGukdvnf; trsm;BuD; arQmfudk; ygw,f/ &vnf; txkduftavsmuf &ygw,f/
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¤if;wkYdZeD;armifESHonf q&m0efxHrS jyefvmNyD; vQif ESpfOD;oabmwl uav;,lMuonf/ oaE¨&NyD[k xif&aomtcg ZeD;armifESH ESpfOD;pvHk;yif rkdk;ukwf &dyfom q,f&ufpcef;odkY 0ifí w&m;bm0em tm;xkwf Muonf/ xdkYaemuf q&m0efxH oGm;a&mufjyoaom tcgwGifvnf; q&m0efu usef;rma&;udk *½kpdkuf&efESifh cGJpdwfarG;zGm;&ef ñTefMum;onf/
odkYESifh ¤if;wkdYZeD;armifESHonf tm;vyfonfh tcsdefwGif rkd;ukwf&dyfomenf;twkdif; w&m;½IrSwf? q&m0efxHodkYvnf; csdef;&ufaphwdkif; oGm;jyonf/ rdcifavmif;onf tpm;taomufysufí tm;enf;um rMumrMum zsm;onf[k qdkonf/ zsm;wkdif;zsm;wdkif; q&m0efu tylusaq;? bmrDwGef paomaq;rsm;udk ay;onf/ xdkrdcifavmif;onf 0rf;wGif;&Sd oaE¨om;\ OD;aESmufrsm; xHk;xdkif;um OmPfav;rnfudk pdk;ojzifh aq;aomufwdkif; bmrDwGefudk z,fí aomufonf/
xdktrsdK;orD;onf vaphaomtcg q&m0ef ñTefMum;onfhtwdkif; rD;zGm;&eftwGuf aq;½HkokYd oGm;onf/ aq;½Hka&mufonfESifh q&m0efonf aq;rSwfwrf;pm&Gufudk Munfhum cGJpdwfarG;zGm;&rnf[k odonf/ odkYESifh cGJpdwfarG;zGm;&ef jyifqifonf/
q&m0efonf tvGefyif apwemarwåm jynfh0aom q&m0ef jzpfonf/ cGJpdwfrarG;rD aoaocsmcsm ppfaq; jyefonf/ rD;zGm;rnfholrSm txdkuftavsmuf tm;&Sd onf/
cGJpdwfarG;zGm;jcif;\ ukefusp&dwfESifh aemufxyf vkyfaqmif&rnfh wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;? aiGaMu;ukefusrI rsm;rSm vlem&SiftzdkY roufomvSay/ odkYESifh q&m0efonf xdktrsdK;orD;tm; ]]vdktyfygrS cGJpdwfarG;zGm;rnf? tckawmh onftwdkif;BudK;pm;í arG;zGm;MunfhOD;rnf}}[k qdkum arG;zGm;ay;awmhonf/
xkdZeD;armifESH\ w&m;bm0em ½IrSwfyGm;rsm; tm;xkwfrI? q&m0ef\ arwåmapwem? uav;i,f\ ukodkvfuHaumif;rIwkdY aygif;pkaxmufyHhvkdufaom tcg arG;vlemonf vG,fulpGm arG;zGm;EdkifcJhonf/ uav;a&m rdcifyg usef;usef;rmrmyif jzpfonf/ xdkuav;onf ajymwwfqdkwwfaom t&G,fodkY a&mufvmaomtcg tvGefoGufvufzswfvwfí rSwfOmPfaumif;aom uav;wpfa,muf jzpfvm cJhonf/ þZeD;armifESH\ rdrd&ifaoG;tay: BudKwif xm;&Sdonfh arwåmçapwemESifh pdwfxm; jrihfjrwfyHk wdkYrSm twk,lzG,f aumif;vSygonf/
rdbwdkif; rdbwdkif; rdrdwdkY &ifaoG;i,f rsm;tay: &nf&G,fcsuf BuD;rm;pGmjzifh arwåm apwem xm;Mu& rnfom jzpfygonf/ þonfwdkYrSm rzGm;jrifrD BudKwif xm;&Sdonfh rdbwkYd\ twk,lzG,f apwem arwåmrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ arG;zGm;NyD;aom tcgwGifvnf; ,Ofaus; vdr®matmif qHk;roGefoifrIrS pí ynmoifMum;rI? xdrf;jrm;vufxyfrI ponfrsm; ygrusef BuD;rm;aom arwåmjzifh MuifMuifemem jyKpk apmifha&SmufMu&rnfom jzpfonf/
odkYrSom omorD;rsm;onf ,Ofaus;vdr®mpGmjzihf tdrfaxmifrIudpövnf; uRrf;usifrnf/ rdbtay:vnf; ½dkaoav;pm;pGm jyKpkvkyfauR;rnf/ wkdif;jynf\ wm0efudkvnf; ausyGefpGm xrf;aqmif EdkifMuayrnf/ ,if;odkY vdr®ma&;jcm;&Sdaom om;orD;&wemrsm; xGef;um;&efrSm rdbrsm;\ wm0efom jzpfMuygonf/

aysmfawmhwpfudk,f qkd;awmhwpfavS

rdbrsm;onf txufyg rdcifzcifrsm;uJYodkY r[kwf ygbJvsuf aomufpm;aysmfyg;jcif;jzifhom tcsdefudk ukefvGefapMuygvQif &&Sdvmrnfh om;orD; &ifaoG; i,frsm;tay: tMuifemuif;&ma&mufMuayawmh rnf/
txufü azmfjycJhonfhtwdkif; rdbrsm;\ rqif rjcif taysmftyg;ponfukd vdkufpm;cJhjcif;aMumifh usdK;? uef;? qGYH? tç aeMuaom &ifaoG;i,fav;rsm;rSm vlYavmuBuD;\ tv,fwGif rsufESmi,fMu&&Smawmh onf/
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taysmftyg;[lonf vdkufpm;wdkif;aumif;onfh t&mr[kwfay/ rdrdolwpfyg;rxdcdkufonhf aysmfyg;rI rsdK;um; txdkuftavsmuf &Sdoifh&Sdxdkufygonf/ rdrd udkjzpfap? olwpfyg;udkjzpfap? ESpfOD;ESpf0vHk;udk jzpfap xdkcdkufepfemapwwfaom aysmfyg;rIrsdK;udkum; vHk;0 rvdkufpm;oifhygay/
taysmftyg;udk vkdufpm;&mwGif aysmfyg;aepOfü ]]rdrdwpfudk,fwnf;om aysmfyg;&onf/ xdkaysmfyg;rIrS jzpfay:vmonfh qdk;usdK;udkum; rdrdwpfOD;wpfa,muf wnf;omru ZeD;? cifyGef;? orD;çom;ESifh wpfaqGvkH; wpfrsdK;vHk; &&SdcHpm;Mu&awmhonf/ xdkYaMumifh ]]aysmfawmhwpfudk,f qdk;awmhwpfavS}}[k qdk½dk;jyKcJh Muonf/
&ifaoG;i,frsm;\ qdk;usdK;aumif;usdK; rSeforQ onf rdbrsm;tay:wGif rsm;pGmwnfvsuf rDSvsuf &Sdonf/ rdbrsm;\ tusifhpm&dwå jzLpifoefY&Sif;vQif om;orD;rsm;vnf; MunfvifawmufyaeMuawmh onf/ ajreDwGif;ü cdkatmif;aeaom zGwfowå0gonf eDí ajreufwGif;ü cdkatmif;aeaom zGwfowå0gonf euf&ouJhodkY rdbrsm;\ pdwfjzLvQif &ifaoG;i,f rsm;vnf; pdwfjzLí rdbrsm;,kwfrmvQif om;orD; rsm;vnf; ,kwfrmMuonfrSm "r®wmyif jzpfonf/

uav;\ pdwfxm;

&ifaoG;i,frsm;udk yHkoGif;qHk;r&mü rdbrsm;onf tc&musvSonf/ t&m&mwdkif;wGif EIwfrSzGifh[í qHk;r&ef rvdktyfay/ &ifaoG;i,frsm;onf twkcdk;&mü jrefqefvSonf/ rdbrsm; ajymqkd? aexkdif? vkyfudkiforQ wdkYudk &ifaoG;i,frsm;u twk,lum vkdufemusifhoHk; wwfMuonf/ xdkYaMumifh uav;rsm;a&SUwGif ½dkif;pdkif; ,kwfrmaom trltusifh tajymtqdk taetxdkif wdkYudk vHk;0 rMuHKrawGYY&vQif taumif;qHk;yif jzpfonf/ xdkraumif;rIp½dkufrsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;Mu&efom jzpfonf/
aumif;onfht&mudkvnf; jrefqefpGm twk,l wwfouhJokdY qdk;onfht&mudkvnf; &ifaoG;i,frsm;xH vsifjrefpGm twk,lwwfMuonf/ uav;rsm;xHodYk vlBuD;rsm;\pdwf"mwf ul;pufysHUESYHrIum; jrefqefvGef; vSonf/ arG;zGm;NyD;onfh &ifaoG;i,frsm;udk rqdkxm;bd/ oaE¨wnfpOfuyif rdbwdkY\ pdwf"mwfonf oaE¨om;rsm; xHodkY ul;pufaeMuonf/ xkdYaMumifh zGm;jrifvmaom tcg &ifaoG;i,frsm;onf rdbrsm;\ pdwfxm;ESifh wpfom;wnf; rjzpfonfhwkdifatmif teD;pyfqkH; wlae Muawmhonf/
qkdif&mrsdK;aphrS qdkif&mtyif aygufí qkdif&m toD;udkom oD;MuouJhodkY aumif;jrwfxufjrufaom trsdK;rS aumif;jrwfxufjrufaom om;orD;rsm; xGef;um;wwfí? roefYaomtrsdK;rS tnhHpm; om; orD;rsm;om aygufzGm;vmwwfaomaMumihf rdbESpf yg;vkHk; csLemygaw;rsm; r[kwfMubJ ESpfOD;ESpfbufvHk; trsdK;aumif;um xdkESpfOD;wkdYonf rdrdudk,fudk xdef;odrf; apmifha&SmufMu&\/ okdYrSom tem? a&m*g? a0'em rsm; uif;&Sif;Muí ¤if;wdkYESpfOD;\ oefY&Sif; pifMu,faom okufaoG;0,f NidwG,f&aom uvva&Munfonf usef;rmoefpGrf;aom cE¨mudk,f&Sdonfh &ifaoG;i,fav; rsm;jzpfum tzdk;wef &wemav;rsm; jzpfMuayawmh rnf/

uvva&Munf jzpfwnfwdk;yGm; tqifhrsm;

txufü jyqdkcJhonfh rdbESpfOD;wdkY\ ul;vl; qufqHrIESifh b0a[mif;rS pkawí b0opfwGif oaE¨wnf&ef a&S;½IaeMuyHk\ Oyg'fcPudk y#doaE¨ [lívnf;aumif;? uvva&Munf\ yrmPudk vnf;aumif; txdkuftavsmuf oabmaygufEdkif avmufMuayNyD/ xdkuvva&Munf y#doaE¨wnfNyD; aemuf tpOftqufESifh wdk;wufBuD;yGm;yHkwdkYukd jyqdk ygrnf/
y#doaE¨[laom Oyg'f(pdwåu©P)rS aemuf umvudk y0wåd(BuD;xGm;jzpfpOf)umv[k ac:onf/ xdkuvv a&Munfav;onf wjznf;jznf; BuD;xGm; wdk;wufvm\/ uvva&Munf\ BuD;xGm; wdk;wufyHkrSm uvv a&Munfü uHaMumifhjzpfaom ½kyfuav;rsm; topfopf wdk;yGm;\/ wdk;yGm;wdkif; wdk;yGm;wdkif;aom ur®Z½kyf (uHaMumifhjzpfaom½kyf) uvmyfwGif Owk[k ac:tyfaom awaZm"mwf yg0if\/ xkdOwkaMumihf OwkZ½kyfuav;awG tcsdef&Sd orQ wdk;yGm;ae\/ pdwfaMumifh jzpfaom ½kyfrsm;vnf; topftopfjzpf\/ xdkpdwåZ½kyfuvmyfwGif yg0ifaom OwkaMumifhvnf; OwkZ½kyfuvmyfrsm; jzpfao;\/
rdcif\ om;tdrfü udk,faiGUOwkrsm;vnf; oaE¨om;wGif xdawGU&\/ xdkOwkudk,faiGU(ty"mwf)aMumihf OwkZ½kyfawG tcsdef&Sdoa&GU wdk;yGm;vm\/ tm[m&Z½kyf jzpfcsdef wefaomtcg tm[m&Z½kyfrsm;vnf; wdk;yGm;\/ xdktm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfwGif yg0ifaom Owktyl "mwfaMumifhvnf; OwkZ½kyfrsm; jzpfay:vmMuonf/ þokYdaom enf;rsm;jzifh uvv a&Munfb0rSpí wkd;wuf BuD;yGm;vm&awmhonf/
xdkjzpfpOf BuD;xGm;wdk;wufpOfwdkYudk vG,ful &Sif;vif;pGm em;vnfEdkif&eftwGuf ykHoP²mef ajymif;vJ BuD;xGm;yHkwdkYudk oH,kwfygVdawmfü vmonfhtwdkif; wifjyygOD;rnf---
- y#doaE¨ wnfNyD;cgpjzpfaom ckepf&uftwGif;ü jyqdkcJhNyD;aom uvva&Munf[k qdktyfaom ½kyftpkuav;rsm;onf wjznf;jznf; BuD;yGm; (BuD;xGm;)í vm\/
- xdkYaemuf ckepf&ufavmuf Mumaomtcg uvva&MunftjzpfrS yHkoP²mef wpfrsdK; ajymif;vsuf trJom;udk aq;aoma&rS tjr§KyfyGuf uav;rsm; a0vmouJhodkY tjr§KyfyGufuav;rsm; jzpfvm\/
- tjrK§yfyGuftjzpfü ckepf&ufcefY &ifhrmBuD;xGm; NyD;aemuf eDeDawG;awG; tom;wpfuav; tjzpf a&muf&Sdvmonf/
- ]]ayod}}ac: tom;uav;onf aysmhtdtd aeao;\/ ckepf&ufcefY BuD;rm;&aomtcg MuufOuJhokdY &Snfvsm;vsm; yHkoP²mef ay:xGuf vsuf rmrm cufcuf wcJeuf tom;uav; tjzpfodkY ajymif;vJvmonf/
- txufyg tpdkiftcJ(Ce) tjzpfü ckepf&uf cefY BuD;yGm;&aomtcg OD;acgif;? ajcESpfbuf? vufESpfbuf jzpfzdkY&ef tzkuav;awG ay:vm onf/ þOD;acgif; ajc vufrsm;onf opfyif\ tudkif; tcufBuD;rsm;uJodkY cE¨mudk,f\ tudkif;BuD;? tcufBuD;rsm; jzpfaomaMumifh ]]cufr}}[k ac:prSwf jyKMuonf/ þodkY cufrBuD;ig;jzm ay:vmí ckepf&ufMumvQif &ifaoG;i,fav;onf ig;owåm[ (35)&uf touf&SdvmNyD/
txufwGif jycJhaom tpOfjzihf wa&GUa&GU BuD;&ifh vmcJhMu&m {um'orowåm[ ({um'or+ owå+ t[? {um'or=wpfq,fhwpfBudrf? owå=ckepf? t[=&uf? {um'orowåm[= ckepf&ufwpfq,fh wpfBudrf? 0g=q,fhwpfckepfvD ckepfq,fhckepf)/ (77)&ufajrmufü y#doaE¨cPwkef;u jzpfcGifhr&cJhaom pu©K? aomw? Cme? Zd0Sgav;jzmaom ur®ZuvmyfwdkY jzpfMuonf/
,if;wdkYonf wpfcsdefwnf; wpfcPwnf;rSmyif NydKifí jzpfMujcif;awmh r[kwfMuygay/ (77)&uf twGif;ü xdkufoifhovdk jzpfay:vmMuawmhonf/ xdkYaMumifh &ifaoG;i,frsm; rdcif0rf;wGif;ü udef;atmif; pOfü tyl? tavmif? tpyf? tcg; ponfrsm;udk rdcif rsm;u a&Smif&Sm;Mu&onf/ ,if;odkY ra&Smif&Sm;ygrl 0rf;xJwGif udef;atmif;ae&aom(&ifaoG;i,favmif;) aoG;wpfom;wpfrsm;onf tyl? tavmif? tpyf? tcg;ponfrsm;ESihf awGUxd&ygu tvGeYftvl;cHpm; Mu&&Smawmhonf/

qHyifayguf&m tcsdefcg

trd0rf;wGif;ü udef;atmif;ae&aom &ifaoG; i,frsm;\ ukd,ft*Fg tpdwftydkif;? ajc? vuf? em;? ESmacgif;? vQm? rsufpd ponfwdkYonf txufü jyqdkcJhonfhtwdkif; {um'orowåm[ (ckepf&ufq,fh wpfvD=77)&uftwGif;ü xdkufoifhovdk jzpfay:vm Muonf/
xdkYaemuf ]auom}[k qdktyfaom qHyifonf aemufqHk;wGifrS ay:aygufvmMu&onf/ qHyifayguf onfhtcgonf &ifaoG;i,f arG;zGm;cgeD; wpfvcefY tvdkwGif aygufa&mufvmMuonf[k ,lq&ygrnf/ t|uxmq&murl q,fvzGm;wkdYukd &nf&G,fí &ufaygif; (290) cefYwGif qHyifaygufonf[k qdkonf/
&ifaoG;i,f oaE¨om;wdkYonf ckepfvzGm;? &SpfvzGm;? udk;vzGm;? q,fvzGm; ponfjzifh &SdMu&m rsufpd? em;? ESmacgif;? vQmponfwdkY &ifhusufaomtcg usrSom qHyifwdkY aygufonf[k ,lq&rnf jzpfaom aMumifh oaE¨om; rarG;zGm;rD wpfvcefYwGif qHyifrsm; aygufa&mufvmMuonf[k rSwf,lMu&ygrnf/ odkYqdkvQif oaE¨om;onf rnfonfh tcsdef? rnfonfh vü zGm;onfjzpfap? touf&Sif&ef yHkrSefarG;zGm;Muaom oaE¨om;rsm;twGuf rarG;zGm;rD wpfvcefYtvdkwGif qHyifrsm; aygufonf[k rSwfom;&awmhonf/

vzGm;tvdkuftouf&SifrI r&SifrI

udk,f0efaqmifaom rdcifonf ckepfvzGm;? &SpfvzGm;? udk;vzGm;? q,fvzGm; ponfjzifh trsdK;rsdK; &SdMuonf/ ¤if;wdkYwGif ukd;vzGm;? q,fvzGm;rsm;rSm rnfodkYrQ rqdkomaomfvnf; ckepfvzGm;? &SpfvzGm;wdkY rSmrl touf&Sifol &SdouJhodkY aoausysufpD;&olrsm; vnf; &SdwwfMuonf/ tb,fhaMumifh &Sifol&Sifí aoolao&oenf;[k ar;zG,f&Sdonf/
ar;rnfqkdu ar;zG,f&myif jzpfonf/ þtar; ESifhpyfí tajzrSm ESpfrsdK;ESpfpm; uGJjym;í xGufvm onf/ yxrtajzrSm &ifaoG;i,f oaE¨om;\ uHMur®mtavsmuf aojcif; &Sifjcif;wdkY jzpfay:vm onf[k qdk&ygrnf/
'kwd,tajzrSm udk;v q,fvzGm; oaE¨om; rsm;\ t½dk; tom;rsm;onf txdkuftavsmuf &ifhusufaeNyDjzpfí rdcif\ a,med(t*Fg)0jzifh txd tcdkuf cHEdkifonf/ xdkYaMumifh tysuftpD;enf;í touf&SifMuonfuom rsm;onf/ ckepfv &Spfv oaE¨om; &ifaoG;i,frsm;rSm t½dk;tom;rsm;u Ekke,fvGef;vSonf/ ,if;odkY Eke,fvGef;onfhtwGuf rdcif\ a,med(t*Fg) 0ESifh yGwfwdkufxdcdkufjcif;'Pfudk rcHEdkifMuay/ xdkYaMumifh aoausysufpD;&onf/ tcsdKU oaE¨om; &ifaoG;i,frsm;\ toufum; &Sifoef vsuf&Sdonf/xdkoaE¨om;rsm;rSm cE¨mudk,fao;oG,f vGef;í rdcif\ a,med(t*Fg)0jzifh xdcdkufjcif; tcH& enf;onf/ xdkYaMumifh touf&Sif&onf/
csKyfíqdk&vQif ckepfv? &SpfvzGm;rsm;onf (t½dk; tom;rsm; Ekke,faomfvnf;) cE¨mudk,fao;oG,fvQif &Sifonf/ BuD;xGm;vQif r&SifEkdif[k rSwfom;&ygrnf/ udk;vzGm;? q,fvzGm;wdkYrSm cE¨mudk,fBuD;xGm;aomf vnf; t½dk;tom;&ifhí rdcif\ a,med(t*Fg)0jzifh xdcdkufyGwfwdkuf'Pfudk cH&Ekdif&nf&SdaomaMumifh touf&Sif&onf[k rSwfyg/
vlom;wkdY\y#doaE¨aejcif; tqifhqifh wdk;wuf BuD;yGm;jcif; ponfwdkYudk txdkuftavsmuf pHkaphatmif txufü azmfjycJhNyD;jzpfonf/ ,if;odkY azmfjyaejcif;rSm taMumif;rJh azmfjyaejcif;rsdK; r[kwfay/ ,aeY rsufarSmuf umvBuD;ü rdcifç zcifavmif;tawmf rsm;rsm;onf rdrdwdkY\qE´udk ajyaysmufatmif ajzazsmufí &&Sdvmaom oaE¨om;rsm;tm; aq;0g; ponfjzifhwpfrsdK;? tESdyfonf (vufESdyfynm&Sif)ponf rsm;jzifh wpfzHk? &J0Hhajymifwif;pGm zsufqD;ypfwwf Muonf/ ,if;odkY zsufqD;jcif;twGuf tjypfwpfpHkw&m r&Sd[kvnf; ¤if;wdkYu vdyfjymoefYpGm ,lqaeMuonf/
xdkxdkt,ltqrsm;udk pGefYvTwfEdkifMuap&ef twGufvnf;aumif;? rdrdwdkY\ oaE¨om; &ifaoG;i,f rsm;tm; BudKwifcspfcif jrwfEdk;wwfMuap&eftwGuf vnf;aumif;? uvva&Munf oaE¨wnfpOftcgrS pí touf0dnmOfonf xif&Sm;pGm jzpfay:vmonfudk odapvdkaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? ,if;okdY odvm aomtcg oaE¨om;rsm;udk ajymifwif; &J0HhpGm zsufqD; owfjzwfjcif;[laom tukodkvf 'kp½dkufudk a&Smif&Sm;í aumif;usdK;csrf;om ukodkvf w&m;rsm; wdk;yGm;apjcif;iSm vnf;aumif;? tjcm; tjcm;aom aumif;usdK;w&m; &&SdrIwdkYudk vnf;aumif; &nf&G,fí vlom;wpfOD;\ y#doaE¨aejcif;? rsufpd? em;? ESmacgif; ponfjzpfjcif; wdkYudk azmfjycJhygonf/

t*FgpHkrS uHajrmuf&

ygPmwdygw [laom (olYtoufowfrI) 'kp½dkufudk usL;vGef&mwGif owå0gwpfaumifaumif vlwpfOD;OD;udk owfjzwf&mü aoapvdkaom apwemjzifh xdxd a&mufa&muf nSOf;yef;owfjzwfrSom ygPmwdygw t*Fg ajrmufonf/ aoapvdkonfhpdwf apwemrygbJ rawmfwq ao&jcif;? rdrd\ vufcsufjzifh aorSef; rodatmif ao&jcif; ponfwdYkrSm ygPmwdygwuH rajrmufMuay/
xdkYaMumifh ydk;aumif jcaumif paom taumif i,frsm;udk rjrifí eif;rdum aoqHk;ysufpD;jcif;? aq; q&monf vlem\toufudk &Sifapvdkí uko&if;rS aq;rsm;vGJrSm;í xdk;rdjcif;? aomufapjcif;ponf rsm;aMumifh aoausysufpD;í qHk;½IH;&jcif;wdkYonf ygPmwdygw (olYtoufudk owfjcif;) uHrajrmufMu ygay/
ygPmwdygw (olwpfyg;toufudk owfjcif;) uHudk usL;vGef&mü xdkuHajrmuf&eftwGuf taMumif; t*FgrSm ig;yg;&Sdonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm---
1/ vl? acG;? EGm; paom owå0gjzpfjcif;?
2/ owå0g[k odjcif;?
3/ owfvdkaom apwemvnf; &Sdjcif;?
4/ owfjzwfrI vkHYvwpfckckudkvnf; jyKjcif;?
5/ xdkvkHYvya,m*aMumifh aovnf; aojcif;/
xdktaMumif;t*Fg ig;yg;pvHk;jynfhpHkrS ygPmwd ygwuH usL;vGefrI xajrmufonf/ xdkig;yg;xJrS wpfyg; jzpfap? ESpfyg; ponfjzpfap ,kwfavsmhaeygu ygPmwdygwuH usL;vGefrI rajrmuf[k rSwf&rnf/ ,if;odkY taMumif;t*Fg rjynfhpHkjcif;? aoapvdkaom apwem rygjcif; paom om"uudk þae&mü tenf;i,f azmfjyygrnf/

t*Fgrajrmuf uHra&muf

jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif aZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oHk; aepOfu jzpfonf/ om0w¬dNrdKUwGif;&Sd r[mygvESifh plVygvolaX; nDtpfudkwdkYonf rdbrsm;\ tarG tESpfjzifh csrf;om<u,f0Muonhftavsmuf rdb vufikwfjzpfaom ukefoG,fjcif;? v,fvkyfjcif; paom or®mtmZD0usonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;rIwdkYukd jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdonf/
r[mygvrnfaom olaX;onf bk&m;&Siftm; tvGef MunfndKonf/ tvkyftm;vQif tm;onfhtavsmuf aZw0efausmif;awmfodkY a&mufcJhonf/ 'gerI? oDvrI? bm0emrIwdkYudkvnf; rjywfrvyf jyKvkyfavh&Sdonf/ wpfaeYwGif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ w&m;awmfudk emMum;í NyD;qHk;aomtcg r[mygvonf omoemawmf0efxrf;í &Sif&[ef;jyKum w&m;bm0emrsm; tm;xkwf&ef xufoef aeawmhonf/
odkYESihf r[mygvonf &[ef;jyKay;yg&ef bk&m; &SifxH avQmufMum;onf/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; cGifhawmif; yefxdkufol\xH oGm;í cGifhyefacs/ xdkodkY tcGifh&&Sdygu &[ef;jyKcGifh ay;rnf[k rdefYawmfrlonf/
r[mygvonf bk&m;&Sif\ omoemawmfwGif &[ef;jyKcGifh&onf/ ig;0g(ig;ESpf) ywfvHk; OyZösm,f q&m\ tqHk;trMo0g'rsm;udk cH,lí &[ef;wdkY oifç tH avhusufyGm;rsm;&rnfh w&m;wdkYudk tm;xkwfonf/ ig;0gjynfhNyD;aomtcg bk&m;&SifxHodkY uyfí ]]jrwfpGm bk&m;...wynfhawmfonf toufBuD;rS &[ef; jyKvm&ojzifh pmayusrf;*ef oifMum;jcif;wnf; [laom *E¦"k&udk xrf;aqmif&ef rpGrf;Edkifyg? 0dyóem bm0em yGm;rsm;jcif;wnf;[laom 0dyóem"k&udkom xrf;aqmifEdkifygawmhrnf/ xdkYaMumifh ur®|mef;w&m; udkom ay;awmfrlygbk&m;}} [k avQmuf\/
bk&m;&Sifonf r[mygvtm; t&[wåzdkvfa&muf aygufajrmuftm;xkwfEdkifaom ur®|mef;udk ay;\/ r[mygv&[ef;onf rdrdESifh vdkufygvdkMuaom &[ef;ajcmufq,fudk OD;aqmifum om0w¬drS ,lZem ESpf&m a0;uGmaom Zeyk'fawm&GmBuD;odkY <ua&muf oGm;awmfrl\/
r[mygvESifhwuG &[ef;ajcmufq,fwdkYonf xdk&GmBuD;udk trSDjyKí qGrf;udpöudk NyD;apum ur®|mef; w&m;wdkYudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMu\/ xdk&[ef;rsm;xJwGif r[mygv&[ef;onf tdyfpufjcif;udk y,fí xdkifjcif;? &yfjcif;? oGm;jcif;[laom £&d,mykwfrsm;jzifhom w&m;bm0emudk BudK;pm; tm;xkwfaeawmh\/
,if;odkY tm;xkwfyg rsm;vmaomtcg rsufpdonf tm;enf;vm\/ xdkYaemuf rsuf&nfylrsm; usvm\/ xdkYaemuf rsuf&nfMunfrsm; woGifoGif usae\/ xdk&GmBuD;ü&Sdaom aq;q&monf r[mygv&[ef;\ rsufpdxJodkY aq;xnfh&ef aq;udk vSL\/ odkYaomf r[mygv&[ef;um; vufrcHay/ omoemawmf twGuf rqkwfepfaom ZGJjzifhom ur®|mef;w&m;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfaeawmhonf/
r[mygv&[ef;onf tdyfpufjcif;udk y,fí tjyif;txef w&m;bm0em tm;xkwfaeaomaMumifh twGif;avwdYkonf azmufjyefwGef;uefvmum rsufpd ESpfvHk;onf tqHk;wdkifatmif aygufuGJoGm;awmhonf/xdktcsdefrSmyif r[mygv&[ef;\ oEÅmefü&Sdaom udavomwdkYonfvnf; tqHk;wdkif aygufuGJum udavom uif;uGmí &[EÅm jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ xdktcsdefrS pí r[mygv&[ef;\ rsufpduG,fvGef onfudk tpGJjyKí pu©Kygv rax&fBuD;[k ac:wGif awmhonf/
tjcm;&[ef;awmftm;vHk;wdkYonfvnf; oDwif; uRwfvjynfhaeYwGif udavomuif;uGmí y#dorÇd'g OmPfav;yg;ESifhwuG &[EÅm jzpfoGm;Muawmhonf/ odkYESifh &[EÅmajcmufusdyfwkdYonf oDwif;0gvuRwf aomtcg aZw0efausmif;awmfodYk oGm;um jrwfpGm bk&m;tm; uefawmhMuonf/ pu©Kygvrax&fBuD;u aemufrS a&mufvmonf/ a&mufonfESifh jrwfpGm bk&m;tm; zl;ajrmfuefawmhum w&m;awmfrsm;udk emMum;onf/ NyD;onfESifh rdrdoDwif;oHk;&rnfh ae&modkY oGm;a&muf tyef;ajzonf/
wpfckaom nOhf\ oef;acgif,HtcsdefwGif rdk;BuD; onf;xefpGm &Gm\/ xdktcg ykd;y&efrsm;onf yltdkufvGef;vSojzifh tjyifodkY xGufMuukef\/ pu©Kygv rax&fBuD;onf eHeufwdkif; pBuø<uaeusjzpfí xdkaeY eHeufüvnf; cgwdkif;vdkyif pBuø<u\/ xkdtcg rax&fBuD; eif;rdojzifh pBuøvrf;ay:&Sd ydk;y&efrsm;pGm wdkYonf aoausysufpD;Mu&awmhonf/
t&yfav;rsufESmwGif aexdkifMuukefaom &[ef;awmfwdkYonf xdkaeYrSmyif bk&m;zl;&eftwGuf aZw0efausmif;awmfodkY a&muf&SdvmMuonf/ xdk&[ef;wdkYonf pu©Kygv rax&fBuD;eif;rdí aoaus ysufpD;aeMuaom ydk;y&efrsm;udk jrif&aom tcg ]]igh&SifwdkY...þ&[ef;\ trIudk ½IMuygukef avmh? þ&[ef;onf rsufpdaumif;pOf tdyfpuf idkufrsOf;í aeNyD;vQif ,ckrsufpduG,fcgrS pBuø avQmufojzifh þrQrsm;jym;aom owå0gwdkYudk owfacs\/ tusdK;&Sd&ef jyKaomfvnf; tjypfudkom jyKacsonfwum;}}[k uJh&JUMuukef\/
xdkYaemuf xdk&[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifxHokYd 0ifa&mufum xdktaMumif;udk avQmufxm;Muonf/ xdktcg bk&m;&Sifu ]]&[ef;wkdY...xdk&[ef; ykd;y&ef rsm;tm; owfonfudk oifwdkY jrifoavm...}}[k ar;awmfrl&m &[eff;wdkYu ]]wynfhawmfwkdY rjrifMuyg bk&m;}}[k avQmufxm;Mu\/ xdktcg bk&m;&Sifu--
]]&[ef;wdkY...xdktrIudk oifwdkY rjrifouJhokYd xdkydk;y&efwdkYudkvnf; xdk&[ef; rjrifay? &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrSm aoapvdkaom apwemr&Sday}}[k a[mMum;awmfrl&m &[ef;awmfrsm;vnf; auseyfoGm;Muawmhonf/
]]þom"uonf vludkjzpfap? wd&pämefudk jzpfap? aoapvdkaom apwemrygbJESifh rawmfwq xdcdkufrdí aojcif;? rjrif&rD xdcdkufí aojcif;ponfwdkYrSm tjypfr&Sd/ ygPmwdygw (olYtoufudk owfjcif;) uHudk usL;vGef&m ra&muf[k oHo,uif;pGm qHk;jzwf&efom jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifhyif txufü jyqdkcJhaom owfjcif;t*Fg ig;yg;pkHrS ygPmwdygwuH ajrmufonf/t*FgrpHkvQif uHra&muf[k qdkcJhjcif; jzpfonf/

tjypfBuD;i,f toG,foG,f

þowå0gtBuD;i,fwdkYudk owf&mwGif tjypf onf rnfuJhodkY xl;jcm;ygoenf;[k ar;zG,f&Sdonf/ owå0gwdkY\ tBuD;ti,fudk vdkufívnf;aumif;? owå0gwdkY\ tusifhodu©mudk vdkufívnf;aumif; tjypfvnf; tBuD; ti,fuGJjym;&awmhonf/
owå0gu taumifBuD;vQif xdkowå0g\ ZD0dw uvmyf (apmifha&Smufonfh½kyftpk) rsm;pGmudk zsufqD; &musaomaMumifh tjypfBuD;\/ oDvodu©m &Sdoludk owfvQif xdkol\ oDv*kPfaMumifh tjypfBuD;\/ rdb? &[EÅmponfwdkYudk owfrdvQif tmeEÅ&d,uHyif xdkuf\/ taumiftxnf *kPfodu©mcsif; wlaevQif owfonfh tcgü vHYkvya,m* pdkufxkwfrI tm;BuD;aom uHu omí tjypfBuD;onf/

tmeEÅ&d,uHig;yg;

trd? tz? &[EÅm ponfudk owfjcif;ESifh pyfí tmeEÅ&d,uHig;yg;udk tenf;i,frQ odom&ef azmfjy vdk\/ tmeEÅ&d,\ t"dyÜg,frSm te+tEÅ&d, (tEÅ&d,+tjcm;/ te=r&dS? teEÅ&d,+ tjcm;r&Sd) þb0rS pkawaovGefNyD;vQif tjcm;r&Sd (b0rjcm;bJ) tusKd;ay;aom uHudk qdkvdk\/ ¤if;udk *½k (BuD;av;aom) uH[lí vnf;aumif;? tmeEÅ&d, (aoonfESifh b0 rjcm;bJ tusdK;ay;onfh) uH[lívnf;aumif; ac:qdk &onf/ xdkuHwdkYonf ig;yg;&Sdonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm---
1/ rmwkCmwuuH
2/ ydwkCmwuuH
3/ t&[EÅCmwuuH
4/ avm[dwkyÜg'uuH
5/ oHCab'uuH [lí jzpfonf/

1/ rmwkCmwuuH

2/ ydwkCmwuuH

trdudk owfaMumif;apwem? tzudkowf aMumif; apwem? trd? tzrSef; odod rodod aoap vdkí owfvQif uHxdkufonf/ rdbwdkYu wd&pämefjzpf vQif ( odkYr[kwf) rdrdu wd&pämefjzpfvQif tmeEÅ&d,uH rxdkufaomfvnf; tmeEÅ&d,uHavmufeD;eD; tjypf BuD;vSonf/ tjcm;vludk aoapvdkí ypfcwf&m\ü rdbudk rawmfwq xdrSefí aoqHk;vQifvnf; þrmwkCmwu ydwkCmwu (trdowf? tzowf) uHxdkufonf[k 0denf;awmf wwd,yg&mZdu odu©myk'f tzGifhü qdkonf/ rdbESpfyg;tm; rnfodkYaom enf;ESifhrQ rapmfum;rdap&ef zGifhqdkxm;jcif; jzpfonf[k qdkMu onf/

3/ t&[EÅCmwuuH

&[EÅmudk owfaMumif;apwemudk qdkvdkonf/ þü rdrdowfykwfESdyfpufvdkufaom yk*¾dKvfonf &[EÅm rjzpfao;/ rMumrD &[EÅmjzpfí xdk'Pf&mjzifhyif ZD0def csKyfNidrf;oGm;yguvnf; t&[EÅCmwuuH xdkufawmh onfomwnf;/

4/ avm[dwkyÜg'uuH

bk&m;&Sifü aoG;udk xGufapaom (aoG;xGufoH ,dkjzpfapaom) apwemudk qdkvdkonf/
t&Sifa'0'wfonf *dZösuk#fawmifajcü pBuø<u awmfrlaom bk&m;udk ,EÅ&m;qifí ausmufwHk;BuD;jzifh zdowfav&m ausmufwHk;ustvmwGif awmifxGwf ESpfckwdkY\ cHxm;rIaMumifh ausmufwHk;jzifh rzdrdbJ xdkausmufwHk;rS qwfí uGmusvmaom ausmufcJjzifh bk&m;&Sif\ ajcrawmfudkxd cdkufrdapum aoG;ajcOatmif jyKrlcJhonf/
þaoG;ajcOatmif jyKrIonf ygPmwdygw ur®yx (toufowfrI aorI) rajrmufaomfvnf; aoap vdkaom apwem tjynfht0jzifh avmuoHk;yg;\ q&mwpfqludk jypfrSm;aomaMumifh Asmyg' ur®yx (a'gotavsmuf) uHajrmufonf[k qdkonf/

5/ oHCab'uuH

oHCmtcsif;csif; (uGJjym;atmif) oif;cGJaMumif; apwem? oHCmtcsif;csif; twlwuG uHrjyKEdkif avmufatmif tuGJuGJ tjym;jym;jzpfonftxd vIHYqGEdI;aqmfaomolonf þoHCab'uuH xdkuf\/ &yfxJ&GmxJ&Sd vltrsm;onf oHCmawmf tcsif;csif; roifhrjrwf jzpfapwwfaom pum;? tjyKtrl ponfwdkYudk rajymqdkç rusL;vGefrdatmif txl;a&SmifMuOf&rnf jzpfonf/
þuHig;yg;wdkYwGif wpfyg;yg;udk usL;vGefrdolonf aoNyD;vQif b0rjcm;bJ tyg,fi&Jpaom tukodkvf qdk;usdK;udk 'd|cHpm;Mu&rnfom jzpfonf/ ¤if;uH ig;yg;onf BuD;av;aom tukodkvf\ tusdK;udk raoGrkcsay;aomaMumifh *½kuHvnf; rnf\/ aoonf\ tjcm;rJhü (b0rjcm;bJ) tusdK;ay;aomaMumifh tmeEÅ&d,uHvnf; rnf\/ BuD;av;aomuH? tjcm;rJh tusdK;ay;aomuHonf ig;yg;jzpfaom aMumifh yÍömeEÅ&d,uHvnf; rnf\/ xdkuHBuD;rsm;onf rjzpfrae rkcsqwfqwf tusdK;ay;wwfaomaMumifh xdkuHBuD;rsm;udk rusL;vGefrdatmif a&Smif&Sm;oifhMuonf/
þyÍömeEÅ&d,uHwdkYonf vlwdkif; em;vnfoifhMu aomaMumifh vnf;aumif;? BuD;av;aom tukodkvf usdK;udk rkcsay;aomaMumifh vnf;aumif;? rjypffrSm;oifh rjypfrSm;xdkufaom yk*¾dKvfudk jypfrSm;rdrnfpdk;ojzifh vnf;aumif;? pm½Iolrsm;tm; A[kokw wkd;yGm;apjcif; iSmvnf;aumif; &nf&G,fvsuf vufvSrf;rDorQ &SmazGwifjytyfygonf/

aoap&eftm;xkwf½dk; þajcmufrsdK;

owå0gwpfOD;wpfa,muf aoap&ef tm;xkwf rIrSm ajcmufrsdK;&Sdonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm---
1/ om[w¬du?
2/ tmPwådu?
3/ edó*¾d,?
4/ xm0&?
5/ 0dZÆmr,?
6/ £'¨dr,-wdkY jzpfonf/

1/ om[w¬du

"m;jzifhckwfí jzpfap? wkwfjzifh½dkufí jzpfap? tqdyfponfauR;í jzpfap rdrdudk,fwkdif nSOf;qJ owfykwfrIrsdK;udk ]om[w¬du}owfenf;[k ac:\/

2/ tmPwådu

EIwfjzifh jzpfap? pma&;om;í jzpfap? rsuf&dyf rsufajcudk jyí jzpfap wpfzufom;tm; aoatmif towfcdkif;jcif;rsdK;udk ]tmPwådu} owfenf;[k ac:onf/

3/ edó*¾d,

rdrdowfvdkaom ta0;ü wnf&Sdaeaom owå0g ukd "m;? vSH? av;jrm;ponfwdkYjzifh ypfvTwfí owfjcif;rsdK;udk ]edó*¾d,} owfenf;[k ac:onf/

4/ xm0&

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5/ 0dZÆmr,

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6/ £'¨dr,

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olYtoufudk owfjzwfol

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,dkolr&Suf jrifol&Suf

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tukodkvfuH ay;csdefwef

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uif;atmifa&SmifMu ygPmwdygw

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