&wemoHk;yg;tm; &Sdcdk;jcif;

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jrwfpGmbk&m;onfaomfrSvnf; tMuifw&m;udk yGm;rsm;í rsufarSmuf jyKíomvQif bk&m;tjzpfodkY a&mufawmfrlcJh\/ udavom tnpftaMu;rsm; uif;pifí tjrwfqHk;jzpfaom xdkw&m;awmfudkvnf; uREfkyf &Sdcdk;yg\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;\ &ifaoG;&ifESpf om;&wemjzpfawmfrlukefaom? rm&fewf\ ppfonfwdkYudk ESdrfeif;awmfrlwwfukefaom? &Spfyg;aom yk*¾dKvfwdkY\ taygif;jzpfaom t&d,moHCmudkvnf; uREfkyf &Sdcdk;yg\/

ya,mZOfudk jyjcif;

þodkY &wemoHk;yg;tm; &Sdcdk;jcif;[laom aumif;rIudk jyKvkyfcJhNyD;jzpfí Munfvifaom pdwf&Sdaom uREfkyfonf xdkaumif;rI\ tpGrf;tmEkabmftm;jzifh y,fazsmuftyfaom tEÅ&m,f&Sdonfjzpfí ('DCedum,f)\ teuft"dyÜg,fudk zGifhjyygtHh/

usrf;jyKyHktjcif;t&mudk jyjcif;

&Snfvsm;aom okwfwdkYjzifh rSwfom;tyfaom? teuft"dyÜg,ftm;jzifh odrfarGUaom? bk&m;&SifESifh wynfhom0uBuD;rsm; csD;rGrf;tyfaom? MunfndKzG,f *kPfudkaqmifaom jrwfaom 'DCedum,f\ teuft"dyÜg,fwdkYudk zGifhjy&ef twGuf ,if;edum,f\ t|uxmudk yxroH*g,emü &[EÅmig;&mwdkY pkaygif; &GwfqdkawmfrlcJhMu\/ 'kwd,? wwd, oH*g,emwdkYüvnf; wpfzefxyfí &GwfqdkcJhMu\/
odkYaomfvnf; xdkt|uxmrSm t&Sifr[dE´rax&f oD[dkVfuRef;odkY ,laqmif oGm;onfjzpfí oD[dkVfuRef;om;wdkYtusKd;iSm oD[dkVfbmomjzifh wnf&Sdae\/
xdkYaMumifh xdka&S;a[mif;t|uxmrS oD[dkVfbmomudky,fNyD; ygVdawmf enf;tm; avsmfonfjzpfí tjypfuif;uGm ESpfoufzG,f&m aumif;aom ygVdbmomodkY wifvsuf -
t&Sifr[muóytp&Sdaom rax&fBuD;wdkY\ tEG,fqufü qDrD; wefaqmifozG,f jzpfukefaom? vGefpGm odrfarGUaom tqHk;tjzwf&Sdukefaom? r[m0d[m&ausmif;wdkufü aeukefaom rax&fjrwfwdkY\ t,ludk rqefYusif apbJ? xyfumxyfum yg&Sdvmaom teuft"dyÜg,frsm;udkvnf; y,fvsuf olawmfaumif;wdkY auseyfESpfoufMuap&efESifh olawmfaumif;w&m; MumjrifhpGm wnfwHhap&ef tvdkYiSm xdk'DCedum,ft|uxm\ teuft"dyÜg,fwdkYudk uREfkyf zGifhjyygtHh/

usrf;av;rIudk y,fjcif;

oDvtzGifh? "kwiftusifhrsm;tzGifh? ur®|mef;rsm;tm;vHk;? p½dkuftrsKd;rsKd;ESifh wuG psmeformywfrsm;udk tus,fjyjcif;? tbdnmOfrsm;tm;vHk;ESifh ynm trsKd;rsKd;udk ydkif;jcm;jyjcif;? cE¨m? "mwf? tm,we? £a`E´wdkYESifh qdkif&mrsm;? t&d,opömav;yg;? vGefpGm oefY&Sif;odrfarGUaom enf;&Sdonfh y#dpöorkyÜg'f a'oem? ygVdawmfenf;tpOfESifh rvGwfaom 0dyóemyGm;rsm;enf;tm;jzifh þtvHk;pHkaom taMumif;t&mrsm;udkrl 0dok'¨dr*fusrf;ü &Sif;vif;jynfhpHkpGm uREfkyf qdkcJhNyD; jzpfay\/ xdkYaMumifh þ'DCedum,ft|uxmü ,if;taMumif; t&mrsm;udk xyfí a0zefpdppfawmhrnf r[kwfyg/
uREfkyfonf 0dok'¨dr*fusrf;udk a&;om;jyKpkpOfuyif ]]þusrf;onf edum,fBuD;av;&yfvHk;wdkY\ tv,fü wnfvsuf xdkxdkedum,fü a[mMum;tyf aom teuft"dyÜg,frsm;udk xif&Sm;ay:vGifatmif az:jyEdkifvdrfhrnf}} [k &nfoefí a&;om;jyKpkcJh\/ xdkYaMumifh ,if;0dok'¨dr*fusrf;udkyg ,lí ,if;ESifhwuG okr*Fv0dvmodeDt|uxmjzifh 'DCedum,fygVdawmfü vmaom teuft"dyÜg,frsm;udk odrSwfMuygukefavmh/

ed'gef;pum;

'DCedum,frnfonf oDvu©E¨0*f? r[m0*f? ygxdu0*f-[lí 0*ftm;jzifh oHk;0*f&Sd\/ okwfta&twGuftm;jzifh (34)okwfyg0if\/ 0*fwdkYwGif oDvu©E¨0*fonf tp jzpf\/ okwfwdkYwGif jA[®Zmvokwfonf tp jzpf\/ jA[®Zmvokwfüvnf; yxroH*g,emwifpOfu t&SiftmeE´m avQmufMum;cJh onfh ]]{0H ar okwH}} tp&Sdaom ed'gef;pum;onf tp jzpf\/

yxroH*g,emtaMumif;udk azmfjyjcif;

bk&m;&Sif y&dedAÁmefpHjcif;

þyxroH*g,emrnfonfudk 0de,yd#uü ygVdawmfodkY wifxm;NyD; jzpfaomfvnf; ed'gef;ü uRrf;usifvdr®map&ef tvdkYiSm þt|uxmüvnf; qdkvwåHUaomenf;jzifh odtyfayonf/
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t&Sifr[muóy pOf;pm;cJhyHk

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xdkYjyif ]]yd#uoHk;yHk[laom jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;awmfrSm a[mMum;ol q&m uG,fvGefoGm;NyD/ q&mr&Sdawmh}}[lí ,lqMuukefvsuf ,kwfrmaom &[ef;wdkYu toif;tyif;udk &atmif&SmNyD; rMumjrifhrDyif olawmfaumif; w&m;udk uG,faysmufatmif jyKvkyfMuzG,ftaMumif;&Sd\/ trSeftm;jzifhrl "r®ESifh 0de,wdkY wnf&SdaeorQ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;awmfrSm q&mrvGefao;? q&m&Sdaeao;onfom jzpf\/ xdkpum; rSefay\/
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bk&m;&Sif csD;ajr§mufawmfrlcJhyHk

xdkYaemufwpfzef -
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oH*g,emwif&ef wdkufwGef;jcif;

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oH*g,emwif&ef &[ef;rsm;udk a&G;cs,fjcif;

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(499)yg;udkom a&G;cs,fjcif;

tb,fhaMumifh t&Sifr[muóyonf wpfyg;,kwfjyKawmfrloenf; qdkaomf t&SiftmeE´mrax&ftm; tcGifh&atmif jyK&ef jzpf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? xdkt&SifESifh uif;ívnf;aumif;? twlwuGvnf;aumif;? "r®oH*g,em wifjcif;udk jyKvkyf&ef rjzpfEdkif/ csJUOD;tHh? xdkt&Sifonf txufr*fudk &&Sd&ef jyKvkyfzG,f udpö&Sdaeao;onfh aou©yk*¾dKvf jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh xdkt&SifESifh twlwuG "r®oH*g,emudk jyKvkyf&ef rjzpfEdkifacs/ odkYaomf xdkt&Sifonf rsufarSmufrjyKtyfonfh jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;aom pum;[lívnf; wpfpHkwpfckrQ r&Sday/ xdkYaMumifhyif -
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t&SiftmeE´mudk udk,fwdkif ra&G;cs,fjcif;

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&[ef;wdkYu awmif;yefMujcif;

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oHCmtm; yefMum;jcif;

xdktcg t&Sifr[muóyonf Úwåd'kwd,ur®0gpmjzifh oHCmudk odapawmfrl\/
]]igY&SifwdkY...oHCmonf ig\pum;udk em;axmifygavmh? tu,fí oHCmtm; avsmufywfaomtcg &SdonfjzpfcJhvQif þig;&maom &[ef;wdkYudk &mZN*dK[fü 0gqdkvsuf "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,emwif&efESifh wpfyg;aom &[ef;wdkY &mZN*dK[fü 0grqdkMu&ef oHCmu orkwday;oifhygonf/
igY&SifwdkY...oHCmonf ig\pum;udk em;axmifygavmh? oHCmonf þig;&maom &[ef;wdkYudk &mZN*dK[fü 0gqdkvsuf "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,em wif&efESifh &mZN*dK[fü tjcm;aom&[ef;rsm; 0grqdkMu&ef orkwfygonf/ þodkY orkwfjcif;ESifh ywfoufí ESpfoufaom &[ef;onf qdwfqdwfae&m yg\/ rESpfoufaom t&Sifuvnf; zGifh[ajymqdk&myg\/
oHCmonf þig;&maom &[ef;wdkYudk &mZN*dK[fü 0gqdkvsuf "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,emwif&efESifh &mZN*dK[fü tjcm;aom&[ef;rsm; 0grqdkMu&ef orkwfNyD;jzpfygonf/ oHCmuvnf; ESpfoufygonf/ xdkYaMumifhyif qdwfqdwfaejcif;jzpfygonf/ þodkYyif igrSwf,lyg\/}}

"mwfawmfa0aom aeY

þur®0gpmudk bk&m;&Sif y&dedAÁmefpHawmfrlonfrS ESpfq,fhwpf&uf ajrmufaeYü jyKcJhjcif; jzpfygonf/ xdkpum;udk csJUOD;tHh/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf uqkefvjynfhaeYn rdk;aomuf,Hü y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlcJhonf/ xdkYaemuf bk&m;&Sif\ a&Ttqif;&Sdaom udk,fawmfudk ckepf&ufwdkifwdkif eHYomyef; ponf wdkYjzifh ylaZmfcJhMuonf/ þckepf&ufonf olawmfaumif;wdkY\ upm;jcif;jzifh upm;&m ]]om"kuDVe}} aeYrsm; rnfukef\/ xdkYaemuf ckepf&ufwGif xif;yHkü rD;jzifh½dIUonf/ aemufckepf&ufwGif vSHavSmifcsKdifhudk jyKí rif;uGef;Z&yfü "mwfawmfylaZmfjcif;udk jyKMuonf/ þodkYvQif ESpfq,fhwpf&uf ukefvGefoGm; avonf/ e,kefvqef; 5-&ufaeYusrS "mwfawmfrsm;udk cGJa0Muonf/ xdk"mwfawmfcGJa0aomaeYü pnf;a0;onfh rsm;pGmaom &[ef;taygif;tm; awmxGuf&[ef;BuD; okb'´ jyKvkyfcJhonfh ravsmfaom tusifhudk ajymMum;NyD; qdkcJhNyD;aom enf;jzifh &[ef;wdkYudkvnf; a&G;cs,fNyD; t&Sifr[muóyu þur®0gpmudk jyKcJhjcif; jzpfonf/
t&Sifr[muóyonf þur®0gpmudk jyKNyD;aemuf &[ef;wdkYtm; atmufygtwdkif; rdefYMum;awmfrlonf -
]]igY&SifwdkY ...,cktcg oifwdkYtm; &ufaygif;av;q,f cGifhjyKxm;í xdkrSaemufwGifrl ]uREfkyfwdkYrSm þrnfaom aMumifhMurI &Sdaeygao;\}[lí qdkcGifh&awmhrnfr[kwf/ xdkYaMumifh þ&uf av;q,ftwGif; tema&m*gaMumifhMurIjzpfap? q&mOyZÑm,f aMumifhMurI jzpfap? rdbaMumifhMurIjzpfap &SdcJhvQif? odkYr[kwf oydwfzkwf&ef? ouFef;qdk;&ef &SdcJhvQifjzpfap xdkaMumifhMurIudk jzwfí xdkjyKzG,fudpöudk NyD;pD;atmif jyKvkyfygavmh}}

rax&fwdkY &mZN*dK[fodkY <uoGm;jcif;

t&Sifr[muóyrax&fonf þodkYajymqdkNyD; rdrd\ wynfhy&dowf ig;&mwdkYESifh twl &mZN*dK[fodkY <uoGm;awmfrlonf/ tjcm;aom r[max&fwdkY onfvnf; rdrd rdrdwdkY\ tjcHt&Hrsm;udk ac:NyD; aomuwnf;[laom ajimifhjzifh pl;0ifaeMuonfh vltrsm;udk oufom&m&apvdkMuukefonfjzpfí xdkxdkt&yfrsm;odkY xGufcGmoGm;Muonf/ ykPÖrax&fonfum; ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpH&mt&yfodkY a&mufvmorQaom vltrsm;udk oufom&m&aptHh}}[k MuHí ckepf&maom &[ef;rsm;jcH&Hvsuf ukodem½Hküom ae&pf awmfrlavonf/

t&SiftmeE´m om0w¬dodkY <uoGm;jcif;

t&SiftmeE´monfum; jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmfxif&Sm;&SdawmfrlpOfu uJhodkYyif udk,fawmfwdkif oydwfouFef;udk ,laqmifí &[ef;ig;&mwdkYESifh twl om0w¬dodkY <uoGm;awmfrlonf/ <uoGm;pOfrSmyif rax&f\ tjcHt&H&[ef;rsm; ra&rwGufEdkifatmif wdk;yGm;vmMuonf/ rax&f a&muf&ma&muf&m t&yfwdkif;üvnf; BuD;pGmaom idka<u;rIrsm; jzpfay:vmonf/ c&D;pOftwdkif; om0w¬dodkY t&SiftmeE´mrax&f qdkufa&mufaomtcg om0w¬dNrdKUolNrdKUom; wdkYonf ]]t&SiftmeE´mrax&f <ua&mufvmNyDwJh}}[k Mum;Muí eHYomyef; ponf vufpGJukefvsuf BudKqdkMuNyD; ]]t&Sifbk&m; tmeE´m...t&SifwdkYonf a&S;tcgu jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifh twlwuG <uvmcJhMuygonf/ ,aeYrlum; jrwfpGmbk&m;udk b,frSm xm;í <uvmMuygukefoenf;}} ponfhpum;rsm;udk ajymqdkMuukefvsuf idka<u;Muonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpHawmfrlaom aeYuuJhodkYyif BuD;pGmaom idka<u;rI jzpfay:vmavonf/

t&SiftmeE´m idka<u;jcif;

t&SiftmeE´mrax&fonf om0w¬djynfü tedpöoabmponfwdkYESifh ,SOfaom w&m;pum;jzifh vltrsm;udk odapNyD; aZw0efausmif;awmfodkY 0ifí jrwfpGmbk&m; oDwif;oHk;awmfrlcJh&m *E¨uk#dudk OD;cdkuf&Sdcdk;onf/ xdkYaemuf *E¨uk#dwHcg;udk zGifhí anmifapmif;tif;ysOfwdkYudk tjyifxkwfNyD; trdIufo½dkuf rsm;udk cgxkwfawmfrlonf/ *E¨uk#dtwGif;ü wHjrufvSnf;NyD; n§Kd;ajcmuf aeaom yef;rdIufrsm;udkvnf; pGefYypfawmfrlonf/ wpfzef anmifapmif; tif;ysOfwdkYudk txJodkY jyefoGif;NyD; xm;jrJae&mü xm;í jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmfxif&Sm;&SdawmfrlpOfu jyKvkyfcJhaom 0wfBuD;0wfi,ftm;vHk;udk jyKvkyfawmfrlavonf/
xdkodkY 0wfBuD;0wfi,frsm;udk jyKvkyf&mwGifvnf; a&csKd;a&wnfjcif;? wHjrufvSnf;jcif;? aomufa&oHk;a&wnfjcif; ponfwdkYudk jyKvkyfonfhtcgwdkYü *E¨uk#dudk &Sdcdk;NyD; ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;...þtcsdefonf t&Sifbk&m;wdkY\ a&csKd;csdef r[kwfygavm? þtcsdefonf t&Sifbk&m;wdkY\ w&m;a[mcsdef r[kwfygavm? þtcsdefum; &[ef;wdkYtm; Mo0g'ay;csdef r[kwfygavm? þtcsdefonf jcaoFhrif;uJhodkY jrwfaom usdef;pufjcif; jyK&mtcsdef r[kwfygavm? þtcsdef um; rsufESmawmfopf&mtcsdef r[kwfygavm}} þodkYtp&Sdaom enf;jzifh idka<u;vsufom jyKawmfrlavonf/ Oyrm jrwfpGmbk&m;\ *kPfawmf taygif;[laom tNrdKuft&omudk odjcif;aMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;tay:ü pGJjrJpGm wnfaom cspfcifrI&Sdaom? tmoa0gw&m;vnf; rukefcef;ao;aom? todef;rursm;pGmaom b0wdkYü tcsif;csif; aus;Zl;jyKzl;onfvnf;jzpfaom yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;uJhodkYyif t&SiftmeE´monf jyKvkyfcJhav\/
xdktcg ewfom;wpfOD;u ]]t&Sifbk&m; tmeE´m...t&Sifbk&m;wdkYu 'Dvdkidka<u;aeMurnfqdk&if tjcm;vlawGudk oufom&m&atmif b,fvdk vkyfEdkifMuawmhrSmvJ}} [kqdkí t&SiftmeE´mudk xdwfvefYaponf/ xdkewfom;\ pum;aMumifh xdwfvefYaomESvHk;&Sdaom t&SiftmeE´monf rdrdudk,frdrd axmufwnf&m&apNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlonfhaeYrSpí &yfjcif;? xdkifjcif;rsm;rIaMumifh onf;ajc"mwf? ovdyf"mwf ponf xlajymae aom udk,fcE¨mudk oufomap&ef EGm;EdkY0rf;avQmaq;udk aomufNyD; ausmif;ü omvQif aeawmfrlavonf/ ,if;odkY aejcif;udk &nf&G,fí okbvkvifu apvTwfvdkufaom vli,ftm; ]]tcsif; vkvifi,f...tcgroifhao;? ,aeY ig aq;enf;enf;aomufxm;w,f? eufjzefqdk&ifawmh vmaumif; vmEdkifvdrfhr,f}} [lí t&SiftmeE´mu rdefYMum;cJhavonf/

t&SiftmeE´m &mZN*d[fodkY <uoGm;jcif;

rax&fonf 'kwd,aeYwGif apwu-rax&fudk ypämorPjyKí okbvkvif\ tdrfodkY <uoGm;NyD; okbvkvifu ar;avQmuftyfonfjzpfí þ'DCedum,fü 'orajrmufjzpfonfh okbokwfudk a[mMum;awmfrlav onf/
xdkYaemuf t&SiftmeE´monf aZw0efausmif;ü usKd;aygufaeonfrsm;udk jyKjyifapNyD; 0gqdk&eftcsdef eD;uyfvmaomtcg &[ef;oHCmtaygif;udk xm;cJhNyD; &mZN*dK[fodkY <uoGm;awmfrlavonf/ oH*g,emwif&mwGif yg0if &rnfh tjcm;rax&fwdkYonfvnf; t&SiftmeE´menf;wlyif &mZN*dK[fodkY <uoGm; awmfrlMuonf/ xdkrax&fwdkYudk &nf&G,fíyif ]]xdktcg rax&fBuD; &[ef;wdkY onf "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,emwif&ef &mZN*dK[fodkY <uoGm;Muukef\}} [laom þpum;udk (yÍöowducE¨u)ü qdkxm;avonf/ xdkrax&fwdkYonf 0gqdkvjynfhaeYü OykofjyKNyD; vjynfhausmfwpf&ufaeYü pnf;a0;í 0guyfawmfrl Muavonf/

ausmif;ysufpD;rIrsm;udk jyifqifMujcif;

xdktcsdefu &mZN*dK[fNrdKUawmfudk jcH&Hí wpfq,fh&Spf&yfaom ausmif;wdkufBuD;rsm; &SdaeMuonf/ xdkausmif;wdkufBuD; tm;vHk;wdkYonfvnf; pGefYypfxm;tyfonfjzpfí NydKusysufpD;um trdIufo½dkufrsm;jzifh ½IyfyGaeMu\/ taMumif;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlaomtcsdefwGif tvHk;pHkaom &[ef;wdkYonf rdrd rdrdwdkY\ oydwfouFef;udk ,laqmifNyD; ausmif;rsm;ESifh y&d0kPfrsm;udk pGefYcGmcJhMuaomaMumifh jzpfavonf/
odkYjzpfí rax&fwdkYonf uwdu0wfudk jyKvkyfMuonfhtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;awmfudk ylaZmf&efESifh wdw¬dwdkY\ uJh&JUajymqdkrIrS vGwfap&eftwGuf ]]yxr wpfvywfvHk; ausmif;wdkYü usKd;aygufysufpD;aeonfrsm;udk igwdkY jyKjyifMuukeftHh}} [lí MuHpnfrdMuonf/ xdkpum; rSef\? omoemty t,l&Sdaom wdw¬dwdkYonf ]]&[ef;a*gwr\ wynfhwdkYum; rdrdwdkY\q&m oufawmfxif&Sm;&SdaepOfüomvQif ausmif;rsm;udk jyKjyifMuukef\/ q&m y&dedAÁmefjyKoGm;aomtcg pGefYypfxm;Muukef\/ 'g,umwdkY pGefYvTwf vSL'gef;xm;onfh rsm;pGmaom ypönf;Opömonf tcsnf;ESD; ysufpD;qHk;½IH; oGm;&\}} [lí uJh&JU ajymqdkMuayvdrfhrnf/ ,if;odkY uJh&JUajymqdkrIrS vGwfap&ef twGufvnf; ausmif;wdkYü usKd;aygufysufpD;aeonfrsm;udk jyifqif&ef MuHpnfMujcif; jzpfygonf/ ,if;odkY MuHpnfNyD;aemuf uwdu0wfudk jyKvkyfMu onf/ xdkuwdu0wfudk jyKvkyfjcif;udk &nf&G,fí (yÍöowducE¨u)ü þodkY rdefYqdkxm;\ -
]]xdktcg rax&fBuD; &[ef;wdkYtm; þodkYtMuHjzpfavonf/ igY&SifwdkY...jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ausmif;wdkYü usKd;aygufysufpD; aeonfrsm;udk jyifqifrIudk csD;rGrf;awmfrl\/ igY&SifwdkY...,ck igwdkYonf yxr wpfvywfvHk; usKd;aygufysufonfrsm;udk jyKjyifMu ukeftHh? 0gwGif;\ tv,fvü pnf;a0;í "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,em wifMuukeftHh}}
rax&fwdkYonf 0gqdkNyD;aemuf 'kwd,ajrmufaeYwGif rif;eef;awmfodkY <uoGm;MuNyD; eef;awmfwHcg;0ü &yfawmfrlMuonf/ tZmwowfrif;u xGufvmí &Sdcdk;NyD; ]]bmudpöaMumifh <uvmMuygovJbk&m;}} [k rdrdjyKvkyf&rnfh udpöudk ar;avQmufonf/ rax&fwdkYu wpfq,fh&Spf&yfaom ausmif;wdkufBuD; rsm; jyKjyifa&;twGuf vkyftm;vdktyfaMumif; rdefYMum;Muonf/ tZmwowf rif;uvnf; vuform;rsm;udk ay;vSLvdkufonf/

oH*g,emwif&ef tm;xkwfjcif;

rax&fwdkYonf yxrwpfvywfvHk; ausmif;wdkufBuD;tm;vHk;udk jyKjyifapNyD; ]]rif;jrwf...ausmif;jyifrIawmh NyD;oGm;ygNyD? ,ck "r®ESifh 0de,udk oH*g,emwifjcif; jyKMuygawmhrnf}} [k tZmwowfrif;tm; rdefYMum;Mu onf/
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]]oH*g,emwifjcif;udk jyKvkyfaom &[ef;wdkYtwGuf xdkifp&mae&m jyKvkyfzdkY vdkygw,f rif;jrwf}}
]]b,fae&mrSm jyKvkyf&ygrvJ bk&m;}}
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]]aumif;ygNyD bk&m;}}

tZmwowfrif;\ qef;Mu,faom r@yf

tZmwowfrif;onf þodkY 0efcHNyD; aumif;pGma0zeftyfonfh eH&H? wdkif? apmif;wef;&Sdaom? trsKd;rsKd;aom yef;jcL;yef;EG,fwdkYjzifh qef;Mu,faom? 0dokMuHKewfom; zefqif;tyfonfESifh wlaom r@yfudk aqmufvkyfaponf/ xdkr@yfrSm rif;eef;awmf\ wifhw,frIudk vTrf;rdk;ouJhodkY&Sd\/ ewfAdrmef\ usufoa&udk jyuf&,fjyKouJhodkYvnf;&Sd\/ usufoa&taygif;wdkY\ pka0;wnf&Sd&m tdrfuJhodkYvnf;jzpfay\/ ewfvlwdkY\ rsufpdwnf;[laom iSufwdkY\ wpfaygif;wnf; pka0;usa&muf&m qdyfurf;ozG,fvnf;jzpfay\/ avmuü &SdorQaom arGUavsmfzG,fwdkYudk wpfaygif;wnf; aygif;pkxm;ouJhodkYvnf; jzpfayonf/
tZmwowfrif;BuD;onf þodkY Munfh½Ioifh Munfh½Ityf aumif;jrwf aom tqifwefqm&Sdonfh r@yfBuD;udk aqmufvkyfapNyD;aemuf trsKd;rsKd; aom yef;uHk;yef;qdkif;wdkYjzifh wifhw,faom rsufESmMuuf&Sdaom trsKd;rsKd;aom &wemwdkYjzifh qef;Mu,fNyD; ywåjrm;wHk;rsm;udk xkcJGNyD; cif;xm;tyfaom ajrtjyifuJhodkY trsKd;rsKd;aom yef;ylaZmfrIwdkYjzifh qef;Mu,fí aumif;pGm tacsmudkifxm;aom ajrtjyif&Sdaom xdkr@yfBuD;udk jA[®mhAdrmefwrQ vSy wifhw,fatmif wefqmqifjcif; jyKaponf/
xdkr@yfBuD;xJü ig;&maom&[ef;wdkYtwGuf wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifonfh tyfpyfaom tcif;ig;&mwdkYudk cif;aponf/ awmifbufeH&Hudk rSDí ajrmufbufodkY rsufESmrlxm;onfh rax&fBuD;\ae&mESifh r@yf\ tv,füvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m; xdkifawmfrl&ef xdkufwefonfh w&m;yv’ifudk ta&SUbufodkY rsufESmrlí cif;xm;onf/ xdkw&m;yv’ifü qifpG,fwdkYjzifh pDjc,fxm;onfh ,yfawmifwpfacsmif;udkvnf; csxm;NyD; ]]wynfhawmf&JU udpöawmh NyD;ygNyD bk&m;}} [lí oHCmtm; avQmufMum;apavonf/

t&SiftmeE´m &[EÅmjzpfjcif;

r@yfaqmufvkyf NyD;pD;NyDjzpfaMumif; avQmufMum;vmaom xdkaeYwGif tcsKdUaom&[ef;wdkYu t&SiftmeE´mudk &nf&G,fí ]]þ&[ef;oHCmxJü wpfyg;aom &[ef;onf tn§DeHYudk eHapvsuf vSnfhvnfae\}} [lí ajymqdk Muonf/ xdkpum;udk t&SiftmeE´m Mum;vQif ]]þ&[ef;oHCmxJü tn§DeHYudk eHapvsuf vSnfhvnfaom tjcm;&[ef;r&Sd? pifppf igYudk &nf&G,fí xdk&[ef; wdkYu ajymqdkMujcif; jzpf\}} [k MuHí xdwfvefYjcif;odkY a&mufavonf/
tcsKdUaom &[ef;wdkYuvnf; ]]igY&SiftmeE´m...eufjzef oHCmhtpnf; ta0;jzpfawmhr,f/ oifuvJ jyKzG,fudpö&Sdaeao;wJh aou©yk*¾dKvf jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh tpnf;ta0;wuf&ef roifhbl;? rarhravsmh jzpfygavmh}}[k t&SiftmeE´mudk ajymqdkMuavonf/
xdktcg t&SiftmeE´monf ]]eufjzef oHCmawG pnf;a0;Muawmhr,f/ aou©yk*¾dKvftjzpfeJY igtpnf;ta0;wufvdkY rawmfbl;}}[k MuHí rsm;pGmaom nOfhtcsdefudk um,*wmowdjzifh ukefvGefaponf/ n\ rdk;aomuf,H tcsdefodkY a&mufaomtcg pBuørS qif;vmNyD; ausmif;cef;xJodkY 0ifí tdyfawmh rnf[k udk,fudk apmif;vdkufonf/ ajcESpfzuf ajrrSvGwfí OD;acgif;um; acgif;tHk;ay:odkY ra&mufao;rD þtcsdefwdkumvtwGif;ü rax&f\pdwf onf wpfpHkwpfckaom w&m;udkrQ rpGJ,lbJ tmo0wdkYrS vGwfajrmufoGm; avonf/ csJUOD;tHh? þt&SiftmeE´monf pBuøavQmufjcif;jzifh ausmif;jyif bufü tcsdefudk ukefvGefapNyD; w&m;xl;udk jzpfap&ef rpGrf;Edkifonfjzpfí þodkY pOf;pm;avonf/
]]tmeE´m...oifonf jyKtyfaom aumif;rI&Sdol jzpf\/ ur®|mef;udk tm;xkwfyg? vsifjrefpGm &[EÅmjzpfvdrfhrnf}[k jrwfpGmbk&m;u igYudk rdefYMum;cJhonf r[kwfygavm? jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkY\ pum;rnfonfvnf; vGJrSm;onf[lí r&Sd? pifppf ig\ tm;xkwfrI 0D&d,onf vGefuJae\/ xdkYaMumifh ig\ pdwfonf ysHUvGifhae\/ ,ck igonf 0D&d,rQwrIudk jzpfaptHh}}
t&SiftmeE´monf þodkY pOf;pm;rdonfjzpfí pBuørS qif;vmNyD; ajcaq;&m t&yfü rwfwwf&yfí ajcESpfzufudk aq;onf/ xdkYaemuf ausmif;cef;xJodkY 0ifvmNyD; anmifapmif;i,fü xdkifí ]]enf;enf; em;OD;tHh}}[k MuHí udk,fudk anmifapmif;ay:odkY apmif;vdkufonf/ ajcESpfzuf ajrjyifrS vGwfoGm;onf/ OD;acgifum; acgif;tHk;ay:odkY ra&mufao;? þ Mum;umv uav;twGif;ü rax&f\ pdwfonf wpfpHkwpfckaom w&m;udkrQ rpGJ,lrlí tmo0wdkYrS vGwfajrmufoGm;av\/ rax&f\ t&[wåzdkvfum; £&d,mykwf av;yg;rS vGwfaom t&[wåzdkvf jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh ]]þomoemawmfü tdyfvnf; rtdyf? xdkifvnf; rxdkif? &yfvnf; r&yf? vrf;vnf; ravQmufbJ tb,f&[ef;onf t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufcJhygoenf;}} [k ar;vQif ]]t&SiftmeE´m rax&fjrwf jzpf\}} [k ajzqdktyf\/

oH*g,emtpnf;ta0; pwifjcif;

t&SiftmeE´m t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufNyD;aemuf 'kwd,ajrmufaeYjzpfaom 0gacgifvjynfhausmf ig;&ufaeYwGif rax&fBuD;&[ef;wdkYonf jyKtyfNyD;aom qGrf;udpö&Sdukefonfjzpfí oydwfouFef;udk odrf;qnf;MuNyD; "r®obifü pnf;a0;Muonf/ xdktcg t&SiftmeE´monf &[EÅmjzpfí tpnf;ta0;odkY <uvm\/ tb,fodkY <uvmoenf;qdkaomf ]],ck igonf tpnf;ta0;odkY 0ifxdkufNyD}}[k &Tifvef;ESpfoufaom pdwf&Sdonfjzpfí udk,f½Hk{uoDudk vuf0JycHk;xufü wifNyD; tn§mrS a<upjzpfaom xef;oDrSnfhuJhodkYvnf;aumif;? y@KurÁvmausmufzsmxufü csxm;tyfaom ywåjrm;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? jrLwdrfuif;pifaom aumif;uifjyifü xGufay:vmaom vjynfh0ef;uJhodkY vnf;aumif;? aea&mifjcnfEkjzifh awGUxdtyfonfjzpfí yGifhvmaom y'kr®m Mumyef;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; oefY&Sif;Muifvif jzLpifawmufyí usufoa& &Sdaom rsufESmawmfjzifh rdrd\ t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufjcif;udk a[mMum;bd ouJhodkY <uoGm;avonf/

t&SiftmeE´mtm; t&Sifr[muóyu aumif;csD;ay;jcif;

þodkY<uvmaom t&SiftmeE´mudk awGUjrif&onfjzpfí t&Sifr[m uóy rax&fBuD;tm; þodkY tMuHjzpfavonf/ ]]t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufNyD;aom tmeE´mum; wifhw,fvSyaypG? tu,fí jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmfxif&Sm; &SdawmfrlrnfqdkvQif {uefyif tmeE´mtm; aumif;csD;ay;awmfrlayvdrfhrnf/ ,ckrl jrwfpGmbk&m; udk,fawmfwdkif ay;awmfrl&rnfh aumif;csD;udk iguyJ ay;&ayawmhrnf}} ,if;odkY MuHí oHk;Budrfwdkifwdkif aumif;csD;ay;awmfrl avonf/
rZÑdredum,faqmif rax&fwdkYurl þodkY qdkMuukef\/ tmeE´mrax&fonf rdrd\ t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufjcif;udk odapvdkonfjzpfí tjcm;&[ef; wdkYESifh twlwuG tpnf;ta0;odkY rvmacs/ &[ef;wdkYonf 0gpOfBuD;i,f tvdkuf rdrd rdrdodkY a&mufaomae&mü xdkifMu&mwGif t&SiftmeE´m\ ae&mudk csefxm;íxdkifMuonf/ xdktcg ]]'Dae&mu b,folUae&mvJ}} [k tcsKdU&[ef; rsm;u ar;Muonf/ ]]t&SiftmeE´m&JUae&myg}} [k ajzMuonf/ ]]tmeE´mu b,foGm;aevJ}} þodkYajymqdkaomtcsdefwGif ]],ck igoGm;&rnfhtcsdefyJ}} [k t&SiftmeE´mu pOf;pm;rdonf/ xdkYaMumifh rdrd\tmEkabmfudk jyovdkonfjzpfí ajrBuD;xJü ikyfoGm;NyD; rdrdae&modkYa&mufrS rdrdudk,fudk jyoavonf/ aumif;uifjzifh oGm;í xdkif\[kvnf; tcsKdUu qdkMurnf/ rnfodkYyif oGm;onf jzpfap t&SiftmeE´mudk jrifí t&Sifr[muóy\ aumif;csD;ay;jcif;um; oifhjrwfonfom jzpfygonf/
þodkY t&SiftmeE´m<ua&mufvmaomtcg ]]igY&SifwdkY...bmudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMurnfenf;? "r®udkvm;? 0de,udkvm;}} [k t&Sifr[muóyu &[ef;wdkYudk ar;avonf/ &[ef;wdkYu þodkY ajzMum;Muonf/ ]]t&Sifbk&m; uóy...0denf;rnfonf Ak'¨omoem\ touf jzpfygonf/ 0denf;wnfvQif omoemwnfonf rnfyg\/ xdkYaMumifh 0denf;udk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwif Muygrnf}}
]]b,folUudk 0efaqmifyk*¾dKvfjyKí wifMurnfenf;}}
]]t&SifOygvdudk 0efaqmifyk*¾dKvfjyKí wifMuygrnf}}
]]tmeE´maum rpGrf;Edkifbl;vm;}}
]]t&SiftmeE´m rpGrf;Edkifonf r[kwfyg? pGrf;Edkifrnfom jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmfxif&Sm; &SdawmfrlpOfuyif &[ef;wdkY...0denf;udkaqmifaom ig\wynfh&[ef;wdkYwGif þOygvdonf tjrwfqHk; jzpfay\}}
[lí 0denf;udk oifMum;jcif;ESifh ywfoufí t&SifOygvdudk {w'*ft&mü xm;awmfrlcJhygonf/ odkYjzpfjcif;aMumifh t&SifOygvdudk ar;jref;í 0denf;udk oH*g,emwifMuygrnf/

0denf;udk oH*g,emwifyHk

xdkYaemuf t&Sifr[muóyonf 0denf;udk ar;&eftwGuf rdrdudk,fudk rdrdorkwfawmfrlonf/ t&SifOygvduvnf; 0denf;udkajz&ef orkwfawmfrlonf/ ,if;odkY orkwf&mü om"uygVdum; þodkYjzpfygonf/ xdktcg t&Sifr[m uóyonf oHCmudk odap\--
]]igY&SifwdkY...oHCmonf ig\pum;udk em;axmifygavmh? tu,f\ oHCmtm; avsmufywfaomtcg &SdonfjzpfcJhygvQif igonf Oygvdtm; 0denf;udk ar;vdkyg\}}
t&SifOygvduvnf; oHCmudkodap\ --
]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY...oHCmonf wynfhawmf\ pum;udk emawmfrl ygavm? tu,fí oHCmtm; avsmufywfaomtcg &SdonfjzpfcJhygvQif t&Sifr[muóyu 0denf;udk ar;tyfonfjzpfí wynfhawmf ajzMum;vdk yg\}}
þodkY rdrdudk,frdrd orkwfNyD; t&SifOygvdonf ae&mrSxí udk,f½Hk {uoDouFef;udk ycHk;pGef;wpfzufüwifí rax&fBuD;&[ef;wdkYudk &Sdcdk;NyD; qifpG,fjzifh pDtyfaom ,yfawmifudk udkifí w&m;yv’ifü xdkifawmfrlonf/ xdkYaemuf t&Sifr[muóyu rax&fBuD;ae&mü xdkifí t&SifOygvdtm; 0denf;udk ar;awmfrlavonf/
]]igY&SifOygvd...yxr yg&mZduudk b,ft&yfü ynwfcJhygoenf;}}
]]a0omvDjynfü ynwfcJhygonfbk&m;}}
]]b,fyk*¾dKvfudk taMumif;jyKí ynwfcJhygoenf;}}
]]uvE´olaX;om; ok'dEéudktaMumif;jyKí ynwfcJhygonfbk&m;}}
]]b,fodkYaom taMumif;0w¬KaMumifh ynwfcJhygoenf;}}
]]arxkeftusifhudk rSD0Jjcif;aMumifh ynwfcJhygonfbk&m;}}
xdktcg t&Sifr[muóyonf t&SifOygvdtm; yxryg&mZdu\ taMumif;0w¬Kudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ taMumif;0w¬K jzpfay:&mXmeudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ yk*¾dKvfudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ ynwfcsufudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ aemufxyf ynwfcsufudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ tmywf oifhyHkudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ tmywfroifhyHkudkvnf; ar;awmfrlonf/ t&SifOygvduvnf; ar;wdkif;ar;wdkif;yif ajzMum;awmfrl\/

y,ftyfaompum;ESifh jznfhpGuftyfaompum;

þt&mwGif ]]yxryg&mZduü y,ftyfaompum;aomfvnf;aumif;? jznfhpGuftyf pum;aomfvnf;aumif; &Sdoavm? r&Sdoavm}} [k ar;zG,f&Sd\/ tajzum; y,ftyfaompum;[lí r&Sd/ csJUOD;tHh? bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlvSaom jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;tyfaom pum;awmfü y,ftyfaom pum;rnfonf r&Sdacs? xdkpum; rSef\? jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkYonf tusKd;r&Sdaom tu©&mwpfvHk;rQ udkyif qdkawmfrrlMuacs/ wynfhom0ursm;ESifhewfrsm; qdktyfaom pum;üum; y,ftyfaom pum;vnf; yg&Sdwwf\/ xdkuJhodkY y,ftyfaom pum;udk oH*g,emwifrax&fwdkYu y,fawmfrlcJhMuonf/ jznfhpGuftyf? xnfhoGif;tyfaom pum;um; bk&m;a[mpum;üvnf;aumif;? om0uESifh ewfwdkYa[majymaompum;üvnf;aumif; yg&Sd\/ odkYjzpfí jznfhpGuf xnfhoGif;&ef vdktyfaomt&mü vdktyfaompum;udk oH*g,emwif rax&fwdkYu xnfhoGif;awmfrlcJhMuayonf/
xdkodkY xnfhoGif;tyfaompum;[lonf tb,fenf;qdkaomf ]]awe ora,e 1}} ]]awe acg ye ora,e 1}} ]]tx acg 1}}ç ]]{0H 0kawå 2}} ]]{w'a0gp 3}} ponfh a&SUaemufqufpyfay;aom pum;rQom jzpf\/
þodkYvQif xnfhoGif;jznfhpGufoifhaom pum;udk xnfhoGif;jznfhpGufNyD; ]]þum; yxryg&mZduwnf;}} [k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlcJhMuonf/
yxryg&mZdu oH*g,emwifNyD;aomtcg &[EÅmig;&mwdkYonf oH*g,emodkY wiftyfaom enf;twdkif;tm;jzifhomvQif ]]awe ora,e Aka'¨g b*0g a0&ÍÆm,H 0d[&wd}} ponfjzifh pkaygif;&Gwfqdkjcif;udk jyKawmfrlMu avonf/ xdkt&SifjrwfwdkY &GwfqdkrI pwifaomtcsdefüyifvQif r[myx0D ajrBuD;onf aumif;csD;ay;bdouJhodkY a&udktqHk;jyKí wkefvIyfoGm;avonf/

r[m0db*F

txufygenf;wlyif <uif;aom yg&mZduoHk;yg;wdkYudkvnf; oH*g,emwif MuNyD; ]]þum; yg&mZduu@wnf;}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ wpfq,fhoHk;yg;aom oHCm'daooodu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]aw&ou}}[k owfrSwf xm;awmfrlMuonf/ ESpfyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]ted,w}}[k owfrSwfxm; awmfrlMuonf/ oHk;q,faom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]edó*¾d,ygpdwåd,}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ udk;q,fhESpfyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]ygpdwåd,}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ av;yg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]yg#da'oed,}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ ckepfq,fhig;yg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]aocd,}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ ckepfyg;aom w&m;wdkYudk ]]t"du&Porx}}[k owfrSwfxm;awmfrlMuonf/ þodkYtm;jzifh (227)yg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]r[m0db*F}}[k aMunmowfrSwfí xm;awmfrlMuonf/ r[m0db*F\ tqHk;üvnf; a&S;enf;wlyif r[myx0DajrBuD; wkefvIyfjcif; jzpfcJhavonf/

bdu©KeD0dbif;

r[m0dbif;udk oH*g,emwifNyD;aemuf bdu©KeD0dbif;ü &Spfyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]þum; yg&mZduu@rnf\}} [k owfrSwfxm;Muonf/ wpfq,fhckepfyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]owå&ou}}[k owfrSwfawmfrl Muonf/ oHk;q,faom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]edó*¾d,ygpdwåd,}} [k owfrSwfxm; Muonf/ wpf&mhajcmufq,fhajcmufyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]ygpdwåd,}}[k owfrSwfxm;Muonf/ &Spfyg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]yg#da'oed,}}[k owfrSwfxm;Muonf/ ckepfq,fhig;yg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]aocd,}} [k owfrSwfxm;Muonf/ ckepfyg;aomw&m;wdkYudk ]]t"du&Porx}} [k owfrSwfxm;Muonf/ odkYtm;jzifh (304)yg;aom odu©myk'fwdkYudk ]]bdu©KeD0db*F}}[k aMunmí ]]þum; ajcmufq,fhav;bmP0g&&Sdaom1 Obawm0dbif;rnf\}}[k aMunm owfrSwfxm;cJhMuonf/ þObawm 0dbif;\ tqHk;üvnf; qdkcJhNyD;aom enf;twdkif;yif r[myx0DajrBuD; wkefvIyfjcif; jzpfcJhavonf/

cE¨uESifh y&d0g&

þenf;wlyif bmP0g&aygif; &Spfq,fyrmP&Sdaom cE¨ursm;ESifh ESpfq,fhig; bmP0g&yrmP&Sdaom y&d0g&wdkYudkvnf; oH*g,emwifawmfrl MuNyD; ]]þum; 0de,yd#urnf\}} [k aMunmowfrSwfí xm;awmfrlcJhMu onf/ þ0de,yd#u\ tqHk;üvnf; qdkcJhNyD;aom enf;twdkif;yif r[myx0DajrBuD; wkefvIyfjcif; jzpfcJhavonf/ xdk0de,yd#uudk ]]igY&Sif Oygvd...oifonf þ0de,yd#uudk rdrd\ wynfhwdkYtm; oifMum;ydkYcsay; ygavmh}} [k t&SifOygvdtm; tyfESif;awmfrlcJhMuonf/
0de,yd#uudk oH*g,emwifNyD; tqHk;ü t&SifOygvdonf qifpG,fjzifh pDtyfaom ,yfawmifudkcsí w&m;yv’ifrS qif;NyD; rax&fBuD;&[ef;wdkYudk &Sdcdk;í rdrdtm; a&mufaomae&mü xdkifaeawmfrlavonf/

"r®udk oH*g,emwifMujcif;

0de,udk oH*g,emwifNyD;aemuf "r®udk oH*g,emwifawmfrlvdkaom t&Sifr[muóyu &[ef;wdkYudk ar;awmfrlonf -
]]"r®udk oH*g,emwifaom igwdkYonf tb,fyk*¾dKvfudk 0efaqmif yk*¾dKvfjyKí oH*g,emwifoifhygoenf;}}
]]t&SiftmeE´mrax&fudk 0efaqmifyk*¾dKvfjyKí "r®udkoH*g,em wifoifhygonfbk&m;}} [k &[ef;wdkYu ajzMuonf/
xdktcg t&Sifr[muóyu oHCmudk odaponf/
]]igY&SifwdkY...oHCmonf ig\pum;udk em;axmifygavmh? tu,fí oHCmtm; avsmufywfaomtcg &SdonfjzpfcJhygvQif igonf tmeE´mtm; "r®udk ar;jref;vdkygonf}}
xdkYaemuf t&SiftmeE´muvnf; oHCmudk odaponf/
]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY...oHCmonf wynfhawmf\ pum;udk em;axmif ygavmh? tu,fí oHCmtm; avsmufywfaomtcg &SdonfjzpfcJhygvQif t&Sifr[muóyu "r®udk ar;jref;tyfonfjzpfí wynfhawmf ajzMum; vdkyg\}}

'DCedum,f

xdkYaemuf t&SiftmeE´monf ae&mrSxí udk,f½Hk{uoDouFef;udk ycHk;wpfzufü wifNyD; rax&fBuD;&[ef;wdkYudk &Sdcdk;í qifpG,fjzifh pDtyfaom ,yfawmifudk udkifNyD; w&m;yv’ifü xdkifawmfrlonf/ xdktcg t&Sifr[m uóyu &[ef;wdkYtm; ]]igY&SifwdkY...tb,fyd#uudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,em wifMurnfenf;}} [k ar;awmfrlonf/ ]]okwåEÅyd#uudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwif Muygrnf}}[k &[ef;wdkYu ajzMuonf/
]]okwåEÅyd#uü oabmwl&m pkaygif;&Gwfqdktyfaom o*Ðwd av;yg; &Sd\/ xdkav;yg;wdkYwGif tb,fo*Ðwdudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMurnfenf;}}
]]'DCo*Ðwdudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMuygrnf bk&m;}}
]]'DCo*Ðwdü okwfaygif; (34)okwfESifh 0*foHk;0*f &Sd\/ ,if;wdkYwGif tb,f0*fudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMurnfenf;}}
]]oDvu©E¨0*fudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMuygrnfbk&m;}}
]]oDvu©E¨0*fü okwfaygif; (13)okwf&Sd\/ ,if;wdkYwGif tb,fokwfudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMurnfenf;}}
]]t&Sifbk&m;...jA[®Zmvokwfrnfonf oHk;yg;aom oDvwdkYjzifh wefqmqiftyfyg\/ trsKd;rsKd;aom rdpämZD0ESifh uk[e? vye-ponfwdkYudk zsufqD;Edkifyg\/ wpfaomif;aom avmu"mwfudkvnf; wkefvIyfapEdkifyg\/ xdkjA[®Zmvokwfudk a&S;OD;pGm oH*g,emwifMuygukeftHh/
xdktcg t&Sifr[muóyu t&SiftmeE´mtm; ar;awmfrlonf -
]]igY&SiftmeE´m...jA[®Zmvokwfudk b,ft&yfü a[mMum;awmfrlcJhyg oenf;}}
]]&mZN*dK[fNrdKUESifh emvE´NrdKUtMum; trÁv|duo&ufO,smOftwGif; rif;uGef;ü a[mMum;cJhygonfbk&m;}}
]]tb,fyk*¾dKvfudk taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;cJhygoenf;}}
]]okyÜd,y&dAdkZfESifh jA[®'wåvkvifwdkYudk taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;cJhyg onfbk&m;}}
]]tb,fodkYaom taMumif;0w¬KaMumifh a[mMum;cJhygoenf;}}
]]csD;rGrf;jcif;? uJh&JUjcif;[laom taMumif;0w¬KaMumifh a[mMum;cJhygonf bk&m;}}
xdktcg t&Sifr[muóyonf t&SiftmeE´mtm; jA[®Zmvokwf\ a[mMum;&mt&yf[laom ed'gef;udkvnf; ar;\/ yk*¾dKvfudkvnf; ar;\/ taMumif;0w¬Kudkvnf; ar;\/ t&SiftmeE´muvnf; ajzMum;\/ ajzqdkrI\ tqHk;ü &[EÅmig;&mwdkY pkaygif;&Gwfqdkjcif;jyKMuonf/ qdkcJhNyD;aom enf;twdkif;yif r[myx0DajrBuD; wkefvIyfjcif;vnf; jzpfay:cJhavonf/
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a'oem omoem ponftm;jzifh a0zefyHk

þodkYvQif yd#uoHk;yHkwdkYudk odNyD;aemuf xdkyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYüyif enf;trsKd;rsKd;tm;jzifh vdr®m&eftwGuf -
xdkyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü a'oemtjym;? omoemtjym;? uxmtjym;udk xdkufonfhtm;avsmfpGm zGifhjy&m\/ odu©mtjym;? y[meftjym;ESifh eufeJjcif; (*rÇD&)oHk;yg;udkvnf; xif&Sm;jy&m\/ oif,ljcif;(y&d,wåd) tjym;? jynfhpHkjcif; (orÜwåd)ESifh ysufpD;jcif; (0dywåd)odkY a&mufyHk þtvHk;pHkudkvnf; zGifhjy&m\/
txufyg rmwdumpum;ü xif&Sm;jyyHk? zGifhjyyHkum; þodkY jzpf\/ þoHk;yg;aom yd#uwdkYudk tpOftwdkif; tmPma'oem? a0g[m&a'oem? y&rw¬a'oem[lívnf;aumif;? ,xmy&m"omoem? ,xmEkavmr omoem? ,xm"r®omoem[lívnf;aumif;? oH0&moH0&uxm? 'd|d0deda0Xeuxm? emr½lyy&dapä'uxm-[lívnf;aumif; qdktyfukef\/

a'oemoHk;yg;

csJUOD;tHh? þyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYwGif 0de,yd#uudk trdefYtmPmxm;jcif;iSm xdkufawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf trdefYtmPmrsm;aomtm;jzifh (rsm;pGmaom trdefYtmPmjzifh) a[mMum;tyfaomaMumifh tmPma'oem[k qdktyf\/ okwåEÅyd#uudk avmua0g[m&ü uRrf;usifvdr®mawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf a0g[m&rsm;jym;aomtm;jzifh (rsm;pGmaom avmu a0g[m&jzifh) a[mMum;tyfaom a0g[m&a'oem[k qdktyf\/ tbd"r® yd#uudk y&rw¬ü uRrf;usifvdr®mawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf y&rw¬ rsm;jym;aomtm;jzifh (rsm;pGmaom y&rw¬jzifh) a[mMum;tyfaomaMumifh y&rw¬a'oem[k qdktyf\/

omoemoHk;yg;

xdkenf;wlyif 0de,yd#udk rsm;aomtjypf&Sdaom owå0gwdkYudk tjypf tm;avsmfpGm qHk;r&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh ,xmy&m"omoem[k qdktyf\/ okwåEÅyd#uudk trsKd;rsKd;aom tvdktmo,? tEko,? p½dkuf? ESvHk;oGif; &Sdaom owå0gwdkYtm; ,if;wdkYESifhavsmfpGm qHk;r&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh ,xmEkavmromoem[k qdktyf\/ tbd"r®yd#uudk obm0w&m;tpkrQü ig? igY[m[k rSwfxifaeaom owå0gwdkYtm; obm0w&m;ESifh avsmfnDpGm qHk;r&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh ,xm"r®omoem[k qdktyf\/

uxmoHkyg;

xdkrSwpfyg; 0de,yd#uudk vGefusL;rI\ qefYusifbufjzpfonfh BuD;BuD;i,fi,f toG,foG,faom apmifhpnf;rIrsm;udk a[mMum;&mjzpfjcif; aMumifh oH0&moH0&uxm[k qdktyf\/ okwåEÅyd#uudk 62-yg;aom rdpäm'd|drsm;udk ajz&Sif;a[mMum;&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh 'd|d0deda0Xeuxm[k qdktyf\/ tbd"r®yd#uudk &m*ponfwdkY\ qefYusifbufjzpfonfh emrf½kyf tydkif;tjcm;udk a[mMum;&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh emr½lyy&dapä'uxm[k qdktyf\/

odu©mç y[mefESifh *rÇD&

þyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü odu©moHk;yg;? y[mefoHk;yg;ESifh *rÇD&bm0av;yg; wdkYudkvnf; odtyf\/ 0de,yd#uü txl;tm;jzifh t"doDvodu©mudk a[mMum;awmfrl\/ okwåEÅyd#uü t"dpdwåodu©mudk a[mMum;awmfrl\/ tbd"r®yd#uü t"dynmodu©mudk a[mMum;awmfrl\/
xdkYjyif 0de,yd#uü 0Dwduúry[mefudk1 a[mMum;awmfrl\/ taMumif;um; oDvonf udavomvGefusL;rIwdkY\ qefYusifbufjzpfaomaMumifhwnf;/okwåEÅyd#uü y&d,k|mey[mefudk2 a[mMum;awmfrl\/ taMumif;um; orm"donf udavomx<uaomif;usef;rIwdkY\ qefYusifbufjzpfaom aMumifhwnf;/ tbd"r®yd#uü tEko,y[mefudk3 a[mMum;awmfrl\/ taMumif;um; ynmonf udavomudef;0yfrI\ qefYusifbufjzpfaom aMumifhwnf;/
xdkenf;wlyif 0de,yd#uü w'*Fy[mefudk4 a[mMum;awmfrl\/ okwåEÅyd#uü 0du©rÇey[mefudk5 a[mMum;awmfrl\/ tbd"r®yd#uü orkapä'y[mefudk6 a[mMum;awmfrl\/
xdktwl 0de,yd#uü 'kp½dkufnpfEGrf;rIudk y,fjcif;udk a[mMum; awmfrl\/ okwåEÅyd#uü wPSmnpfEGrf;rIudk y,fjcif;udk a[mMum;awmfrl\/ tbd"r®yd#uü 'd|dnpfEGrf;rIudk y,fjcif;udk a[mMum;awmfrl\/

eufeJrIav;yg;

xdkrSwpfyg; þyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYwGif wpfyHkwpfyHkaom yd#uü "r®\ eufeJjcif;? tw¬\ eufeJjcif;? a'oem\ eufeJjcif;? y#da0"\ eufeJjcif; [laom eufeJjcif;av;yg;udk odtyf\/ xdkav;yg;wdkYwGif "r®[lonf ygVdtpOf jzpf\/ tw¬[lonf xdkygVdtpOf\ teufudk qdkvdk\/ a'oem[lonf pdwfjzifh ydkif;jcm;owfrSwfxm;tyfaom ygVdtpOfudk EIwf>rufí a[mMum;jcif; jzpf\/ y#da0" [lonf ygVdtpOfESifh xdkygVdtpOf\ teufudk xdk;xGif;í odjcif; jzpf\/
r[mork'´&mBuD;xJodkY ,kefpaom owå0guav;rsm; oufqif;&ef rvG,fouJhodkY xdkYtwl yd#uoHk;yHkü yg&Sdonfh av;yg;aom "r®? tw¬? a'oem? y#da0"wdkYudk ynmenf;olrsm; ouf0if&ef rvG,f? axmufwnf&m&&SdzdkYvnf; rvG,f? vGefpGm eufeJvSayonf/ þodkYvQif wpfckwpfckaom yd#uü av;yg;aom eufeJrIudk odtyf\/

eufeJyHkwpfenf;

wpfenf;tm;jzifh "r®[lonf taMumif; jzpf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? ]]a[wkrSd ÓPH "r®y#dorÇd'g}} (taMumif;üodaom ÓPfonf "r®y#dorÇd'grnf\)[lí a[mMum;awmfrl\/
tw¬[lonf taMumif;\ tusKd; jzpf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? ]]a[wkzav ÓPH tw¬y#dorÇd'g}}(taMumif;\ tusKd;ü odaom ÓPfonf tw¬y#dorÇd'g rnf\)[lí a[mMum;awmfrl\/
a'oem[lonf odapjcif; jzpf\/ "r®tm;avsmfpGm razmufrjyef rSefuefpGm odapjcif;[k qdkvdk\/ wpfenf;um; tEkvHk? y#dvHk? oacFy? 0dw¬m& (tusOf;tus,f) ponftm;jzifh a[majymjcif;onf a'oemrnf\/
y#da0"[lonf xdk;xGif;íodjcif;yif jzpf\/ avmuD avmukwå&mtm;jzifh ESpfrsKd;&Sd\/ xdky#da0"onfvnf; tm½HkjyKaomtm;jzifhvnf;aumif;? rawGa0aom tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;? tw¬tm;avsmfpGm "r®wdkYüvnf;aumif;? "r®tm;avsmfpGm tw¬wdkYüvnf;aumif;? ynwådyxtm;avsmfpGm ynwfwdkYü vnf;aumif; xdk;xGif;í odjcif; jzpf\/ wpfenf;um; xdkxdkt&mü a[mMum; tyfaom xdkxdkw&m;wdkY\ xdk;xGif;í odoifhodxdkufonfh udk,fydkifvu©Pm[k qdktyfaom razmufjyefrajymif;vJaom oabmonf y#da0"rnf\/

r[mork'´&mESifh ,kefoli,f Oyrm

,cktcgü yd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü tMuiftMuif ygVdonfvnf;aumif;? teufonfvnf;aumif; &Sd\/ Mum;emolwdkY\ ÓPfü a&S;½Ixifap&ef teufudk az:jyaom tMuifa'oemonfvnf; &Sd\/ razmufrjyef xdk;xGif;íodjcif;? odkYr[kwf xdkxdkw&m;wdkY\ xdk;xGif;í odoifhodxdkufonfh udk,fydkifvu©Pm[k qdktyfaom razmufrjyef rajymif;vJonfh oabmjzpfaom tMuify#da0" onfvnf; &Sd\/ þtvHk;pHkonf r[mork'´&mudk ,kefpaom owå0guav;rsm; oufqif;&ef rvG,fouJhodkY ynmrJholrsm; ouf0if&ef rvG,f? axmufwnf&m &&SdzdkYvnf; rvG,f? vGefpGmrS eufeJvSay\/ þodkYtm;jzifhvnf; wpfck wpfckaom yd#uü av;yg;tjym;&Sdaom eufeJrIudk odtyfay\/
þrQjzifhvnf; -
]]xdkyd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü a'oemtjym;? omoemtjym;? uxmtjym;udk xdkufonftm;avsmfpGm zGifhjy&m\/ odu©mtjym;? y[meftjym;ESifh *rÇD&bm0av;yg;udkvnf; xif&Sm;jy&m\}}
[laom þ*gxmonf zGifhqdktyfNyD;aom teuf&Sdonf jzpfay\/

oif,ljcif;tjym; oHk;yg;

]]oif,ljcif;(y&d,wåd)tjym;ESifh jynfhpHkjcif; (orÜwåd)? ysufpD;jcif; (0dywåd)odkY a&mufyHk þtvHk;pHkudkvnf; jy&m\}}
[laom þ*gxmüum; oHk;yg;aom yd#uwdkYü oHk;yg;tjym;&Sdaom oif,ljcif; wdkYudk odtyf\/
csJUOD;tHh? yd#uwfudk oif,ljcif;ü a>rzrf;jcif;ESifh wlaom oif,ljcif;? oHo&mrS xGufajrmufjcif;tusKd;&Sdaom oif,ljcif;? b@mpdk;tjzpfjzifh oif,ljcif;[lí oHk;rsKd;&Sdukef\/ xdkoHk;rsKd;wdkYwGif olwpfyg;wdkYtm; xdyg;csKyfcs,f vdkjcif;paom taMumif;aMumifh raumif;ojzifh oif,ljcif;onf a>rzrf;jcif;ESifh wlaom oif,ljcif; tv*'´Lyrmy&d,wådrnf\/ ,if;odkYaom oif,ljcif;udk &nf&G,fí atmufygpum;udk rdefYMum;awmfrlcJh\/
]]&[ef;wdkY...Oyrmum; a>rudktvdk&Sdaom a,musfm;onf a>rudk &SmazGvsuf vSnfhvnfae&m\/ xdka,musfm;onf a>rBuD;wpfaumifudk awGUjrifí tacGüjzpfap? tNrD;üjzpfap udkif&m\/ xdka>rBuD;onf xdka,musfm; udk aemufjyefvSnfhNyD; vufüjzpfap? vufarmif;üjzpfap? tjcm;udk,ft*Fg wpfckcküjzpfap udkuf&m\/ xdka,musfm;onf xdka>rudkufjcif;[laom taMumif;aMumifh aojcif;odkYjzpfap? aovkeD;yg; qif;&Jjcif;odkYjzpfap a&muf&m\/ tb,fhaMumifh udkufoenf;qdkaomf - a>rudk raumif;ojzifh zrf;udkiftyfaomaMumifh jzpf\/
&[ef;wdkY...þenf;twlomvQif þomoemawmfü tcsnf;ESD;aom tcsKdUa,musfm;wdkYonf okwåa*,stp&Sdaom w&m;udk oif,lukef\/ xdkolwdkYonf w&m;udk oif,lNyD; w&m;wdkY\ teufudk ynmjzifh rpl;prf; rqifjcifMuukef/ ynmjzifh rpl;prf; rqifjcifukefaom xdkolwdkYtm; w&m;wdkYonf ÓPfjzifh½Ijcif;udk rcHEdkifukef? xdkolwdkYonf olwpfyg;wdkYtm; xdyg;csKyfcs,f vdkaom &nf&G,fcsuf &Sdukefonfjzpfívnf;aumif;? xdkodkYaom ajymqdkrIrsm;rS vGwfajrmufvdkaom &nf&G,fcsuf&Sdukefonfjzpfívnf;aumif; w&m;udk oif,lMuukef\/ w&m;udk oif,ljcif;\ tusKd;udkrl rcHpm;Mu&ukef? raumif; ojzifh oif,ltyfaom xdkw&m;wdkYonf xdkolwdkYtm; &SnfjrifhpGm tusKd;rJhjcif;? qif;&Jjcif;iSm jzpfukef\/ taMumif;um; - w&m;wdkYudk raumif;ojzifh oif,ltyfaomaMumifh jzpf\/

oHo&mrS xGufajrmuf&ef oif,ljcif;

oDv*kPfponfwdkY jynfh0a&;udkom awmifhwvsuf aumif;pGm oif,ljcif;onf oHo&mrS xGufajrmufjcif; tusKd;&Sdaom edó&Pw¬ y&d,wådrnf\/ ,if;odkYaom oif,ljcif;udk &nf&G,fí ]]&[ef;wdkY... aumif;pGm oif,ltyfaom xdkw&m;wdkYonf xdkolwdkYtm; &SnfjrifhpGm tpD;tyGm;rsm;jcif;? csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSm jzpfukef\/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf w&m;wdkYudk aumif;pGm oif,ltyfaomaMumifhjzpf\}} [lí a[mMum;awmfrl cJhavonf/

b@mpdk;\ oif,ljcif;

ydkif;jcm;í odtyfNyD;aom cE¨m&Sdaom? y,ftyfNyD;aom udavom&Sdaom? yGm;rsm;tyfNyD;aom r*f&Sdaom? xdk;xGif;í odtyfNyD;aom t&[wåzdkvf&Sdaom? rsufarSmufjyKtyfNyD;aom edAÁmef&Sdaom &[EÅmyk*¾dKvf\ tpOfudk apmifhxdef;&ef? tEG,fudk apmifhxdef;&eftwGuf oif,ljcif;onfum; b@mpdk;\ oif,ljcif; b@m*g&duy&d,wåd rnf\/

jynfhpHkjcif;odkY a&mufyHk

0denf;ü aumif;pGm usifhaom &[ef;onf oDvjynfhpHkjcif;udk trSDjyKí oHk;yg;aom 0dZÆmodkY a&muf\/ taMumif;um; - 0denf;ü xdk0dZÆmoHk;yg;wdkYudk omvQif cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí a[mawmfrljcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/
okwåefü aumif;pGmusifhaom &[ef;onf orm"djynfhpHkjcif;udk trSDjyKí ajcmufyg;aom tbdnmOfodkY a&muf\/ taMumif;um; - okwåefü tbdnmOf ajcmufyg;wdkYudkomvQif cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí a[mMum;awmfrljcif;aMumifh jzpf\/
tbd"r®mü aumif;pGm usifhaom &[ef;onf ynmjynfhpHkjcif;udk trSDjyKí av;yg;aom y#dorÇd'godkY a&muf\/ taMumif;um; - tbd"r®mü y#dorÇd'g av;yg;wdkYudk cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí a[mMum;awmfrljcif;aMumifh jzpf\/ þodkYvQif yd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü aumif;pGmusifhaom &[ef;onf tpOftwdkif; 0dZÆmoHk;yg;? tbdnmOfajcmufyg;? y#dorÇd'gav;yg;[laom jynfhpHkjcif;odkY a&mufav\/

ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufyHk

0denf;ü raumif;ojzifh usifhaom &[ef;onf bk&m;&Sif cGifhjyKawmfrl onfh csrf;omaom tawGU&Sdaom tcif; t½HkponfwdkY\ tawGUESifh wlonf jzpfí ouf&SdcE¨mtawGUponfwdkYü tjypfr&Sd[k xifjrifwwf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? atmufygpum;udk (t&d|rnfaom &[ef;u)ajymqdkcJh\/
]]tMuifw&m;wdkYudk psmefr*fzdkvf\ tEÅ&,fjyKwwf\[k bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;awmfrl\/ xdkw&m;wdkYudk rSD0Jaom &[ef;tm; tEÅ&m,frjyKEdkif? þodkYvQif wynfhawmfonf bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;aom w&m;udk em;vnfyg\/ ,if;odkY rSwfxifjcif;aMumifh xdk&[ef;onf oDvysufoltjzpfodkY a&muf\/
okwåefü raumif;ojzifh usifhaom&[ef;onf ]]pwåma&m ar bdu©a0 yk*¾vm oaEÅm oH0dZÆrmem}} (&[ef;wdkY...þav;rsKd;aom yk*¾dKvfwdkYonf &Sdukef\) tp&Sdaom ygVdwdkYü qdkvdkcsufudk em;rvnfonfjzpfí raumif;aom t,ludk ,l\/ ,if;odkY,ljcif;udk &nf&G,fí atmufygpum;udk rdefYMum; awmfrlcJh\/
]]rdrd\ raumif;ojzifh ,ltyfaom t,ljzifh igwdkYudkvnf; pGyfpGJ\/ rdrdudk,f rdrdvnf; wl;NzdK\/ rsm;pGmaom raumif;rIudkvnf; yGm;ap\}} ,if;odkY ,ljcif;aMumifh xdk&[ef;onf rdpäm'd|dtjzpfodkY a&muf\/
tbd"r®mü raumif;ojzifh usifhaom &[ef;onfum; w&m;oabmESifh avsmfpGmMuHpnfjcif;udk ausmfvGefajy;oGm;vsuf rMuHpnftyfaom t&mwdkYudk vnf; MuHpnf\/ xdkYaMumifh pdwfysHUvGifhjcif;odkY a&muf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? ]]&[ef;wdkY...rMuHpnftyfaom þt&mav;yg;wdkYudk rMuHpnftyf? ,if;wdkYudk MuHpnfaomolonf ½l;oGyfjcif;? pdwfyifyef;jcif;odkY a&muf&ef tvm;tvm&Sd\}} [laom þpum;udk bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlcJhay\/
þodkYvQif yd#uoHk;yHkwdkYü raumif;ojzifh usifhaomolonf tpOftwdkif; 'kóDvtjzpf? rdpäm'd|dtjzpf? pdwfysHUvGifhjcif;-[laom oHk;yg;aom ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&muf\/
þrQjzifhum; -
]]oif,ljcif; (y&d,wåd)tjym;ESifh jynfhpHkjcif; (orÜwåd)? ysufpD;jcif; (0dywåd)odkY a&mufyHk þtvHk;pHkudkvnf; zGifhjy&m\}} [laom þ*gxmonf vnf; zGifhqdktyfNyD;aom teuf&Sdonf jzpfay\/
þodkYvQif yd#uoHk;yHkwdkYudk trsKd;rsKd; taxGaxGtm;jzifh cGJjcm; odjrifNyD;? ,if;wdkY\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh Ak'¨0peonf oHk;rsKd;oHk;pm;&Sd\[k od&m\/

edum,ftm;jzifh ig;yg;&SdyHk

Ak'¨0peonf tb,fodkYvQif edum,ftm;jzifh ig;yg;&Sdoenf;qdkaomf-tvHk;pHkaom Ak'¨0peonf 'DCedum,f? rZÑdredum,f? oH,kwåedum,f? t*Fkwå&edum,f? ck'´uedum,f-[lí ig;yg;&Sd\/

'DCedum,f

xdkig;yg;wdkYwGif 'DCedum,f[lonf tb,fenf;qdkaomf - oHk;ckaom 0*fwdkYjzifh pkpnf;xm;onfh jA[®Zmvokwftp&Sdaom (34)okwfwdkYonf 'DCedum,frnf\/
]]tMuifedum,ftm; oHk;q,fhav;yg;aomokwfwdkYonf &Sdukef\/ oHk;ckaom 0*fwdkYjzifh a&wGufjcif; &Sd\/ þedum,fonf teufESifh avsmfnDpGm 'DCedum,frnfay\}}
þedum,fudk tb,fhaMumifh 'DCedum,f[k ac:tyfoenf;qdkaomf &Snfvsm;aom twdkif;twm&Sdonfh okwfwdkY\ tpktaygif;jzpfjcif;? wnfae&mjzpfjcif;aMumifh 'DCedum,f[k ac:qdktyf\/ xdkpum; rSef\? tpktaygif;ESifh wnfae&mwdkYudk edum,[k qdktyfukef\/ ]]em[H bdu©a0 tnH {uedum,rÜd orEkyómrd {0H pdwåH? ,x,d'H bdu©a0 wd&päme*wm ygPm}} (&[ef;wdkY...þwd&pämefjzpfaom owå0gwdkYuJhodkY qef;Mu,fonfh wpfpHkwpfckaom tpktaygif;udkrQ igrjrifay) [laom pum;? aygPdu eduma,m pdu©v’dueduma,m (aygPdurif;wdkY\ ae&m? pdu©v’durif;wdkY\ ae&m)tp&Sdaom pum;wdkYonf þt&mü omoemaMumif;tm;jzifhvnf; aumif;? avmuaMumif;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif; xif&Sm;aom om"ursm; jzpf\/ þenf;twlyif <uif;aom edum,fwdkY\ edum,frnfjcif;üvnf; o'´geufudk odtyf\/

rZÑdredum,f

rZÑdredum,f[lonf tb,fenf;qdkaomf-tv,ftvwf yrmP &Sdaom? wpfq,fhig;0*fwdkYjzifh pkpnf;xm;onfh rlvy&d,m,okwftp&Sdaom (152)okwfwdkYonf rZÑdredum,frnf\/
]]tMuif edum,fü wpf&mhig;q,fhESpfyg;aom okwåefwdkYyg&Sdukef\/ wpfq,fhig;yg;aom 0*fwdkYjzifh odrf;,ltyfaom xdkedum,fonf rZÑdredum,f rnf\}}

oH,kwåedum,f

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"r®u©E¨mtm;jzifh &Spfaomif;av;axmif

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