tZmwowfrif;u ZD0utm; ajymqdkjcif;

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xdk ]]tx acg &mZm}} tp&Sdaom pum;&yfü uð wkPSD-[lonf b,ftaMumif;aMumifh qdwfqdwf aeoenf;/ rdrd rdrdwdkY udk;uG,faom q&m &[ef;\ *kPfudk ajymqdkMuonfh þtrwfwdkY\ yg;pyfonf rqefYatmifyif jzpf\/ þtrwfawGrSm udk;uG,f&m q&m&[ef;&Sdovdk oifhrSm udk;uG,f&m q&m&[ef; r&Sdbdoavm/ oif qif;&Jaeoavm/ ighcrnf;awmfu oifhtm; pnf;pdrfOpöm ray;bJ xm;cJhoavm? odkYr[kwf oifudk,fwdkifu o'¨gw&m; r&Sdol jzpfíavm/ þodkY tZmwowfrif;u ar;avonf/

ZD0u\ bk&m;csD;rGrf;cef;

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ZD0uonf þodkYMuHNyD; ae&mrS xí jrwfpGmbk&m; oDwif;oHk;&m ausmif;awmfqDodkY rsufESmrlvsuf wnfjcif;ig;yg;jzifh ½dkaopGm &Sdcdk;NyD; q,facsmif;aom vufonf;taygif;wdkYjzifh awmufyaom vuftkyfudk OD;acgif;xdyfü ajr§mufcsDí ]]t&Sifrif;jrwf...]þZD0uonf [kwf[kwf nm;nm;aom &[ef;udk qnf;uyf\}[k uREfkyfudk xifawmfrrlygvifh? uREfkyfq&m jrwfpGmbk&m;\ r,fawmf0rf;odkY ouf0ifaomtcgü vnf;aumif;? r,fawmf 0rf;rS zGm;jrifaomtcgüvnf;aumif;? jrwfaom awmxGufjcif;udk jyKaom tcgüvnf;aumif;? or®moarÁm"dÓPfudk &&Sdaomtcgüvnf;aumif;? "r®pMumw&m;awmfudk a[mMum;aomtcgü vnf;aumif; wpfaomif;aom avmu"mwf wkefvIyfcJhygonf? þodkY a&rD; tpHktpHkjzpfaom wefcdk;jym#d[mudk jyKawmfrlcJhygonf? þodkY wm0wðom ewfjynfrS oufqif;jcif;udk jyKawmfrlcJhygonf? jrwfpGmbk&m;\*kPfawmfwdkYudk uREfkyfwifavQmufygrnf? wnfNidrfaom pdwf&Sdonfjzpfí t&Sifrif;BuD; emawmfrlygavmh}}[k ]]t,H a'0...or®morÁKa'¨g}} tp&Sdaom pum;udk qdkavonf/

£wdyd aom b*0g

xdk ]]t,H a'0 b*0g}} tp&Sdaom pum;&yfü ]]wH acg ye b*0EHÅ}} [laom o'´gonf xl;jcm;onfh tjzpfodkY a&mufaom yk*¾dKvfudk azmfjyonfh ]]£w¬rÇLwmcsme}} teufü 'kwd,m0dbwf oufxm;aom o'´gjzpf\/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ (ausmfapmoHonf ysUHESHUí wuf\)[k teufay;\/ uvsm aPm- [lonf aumif;aom *kPfESifh jynfhpHkaom? jrwfaom[k qdkvdk\/ udwådoa'´g- [lonf aumif;pGm ajymqdktyfaom *kPfowif;omvQifwnf;/ wpfenf;um; - csD;rGrf;jcif;tm;jzifh jzpfaom ausmfapmoHyifwnf;/ tAÇK*¾awm - [lonf ewfESifhwuGaom avmuudk vTrf;rdk;í wuf\/ tb,fodkY vTrf;rdk;í wufoenf;qdkaomf - ]]£wdyd aom b*0g ...t&[H }}[lí vTrf;rdk;í wuf\/
xdk ]]£wdyd aom b*0g}} tp&Sdaom ygXfü þqdkvwåHUaom tzGifhonf yk'frsm;udk pyfyHk jzpf\/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf; t&[H rnfawmfrl\/ þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf; or®morÁK'¨ rnfawmfrl\/ y/ þtaMumif;aMumifhvnf; b*0g rnfawmfrl\/ þrnfaom taMumif;? þrnfaom taMumif;aMumifhvnf; t&[H rnfawmfrl\[k qdkvdkygonf/ þum; yk'frsm;udk pyfyHk jzpf\/
xdk ]]£wdyd aom b*0g}} tp&SdaomygXfü udavomwdkYrS a0;awmfrljcif; aMumifhvnf;aumif;? udavom[laom &efolwdkYudk owfNyD;ol jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? oHo&m\ tuefY axmufqHwdkYudk zsufqD;NyD;ol jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? ypönf;av;yg; ponfwdkYudk cH,lxdkufol jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? raumif;rIjyKvkyf&ef qdwfuG,f&mr&Sdol jzpfjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif; t&[H rnfawmfrl\ [lí odtyf\/ þodkY tp&Sdaomenf;jzifh rmwdumudk csxm;NyD; tvHk;pHkaom þyk'fwdkYudk 0dok'¨dr*f Ak'¨gEkówdeda'´oü tus,fzGifhjyNyD;jzpfí ,if; 0dok'¨dr*frS xdkyk'fwdkY\ tus,fudk ,ltyf\/
ZD0uonfum; wpfckwpfckaom yk'f\ teufudk NyD;qHk;apNyD; ]]t&Sifrif;jrwf...uREfkyf\ q&m jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þodkYvQif t&[H rnfawmfrl\/ þodkYvQif or®morÁK'¨ rnfawmfrl\/ ...þodkYvQif b*0g rnfawmfrl\}}[k wifjyNyD; ]]xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk t&Sifrif;jrwf qnf;uyf awmfrlyg? jrwfpGmbk&m;udk qnf;uyfaom t&Sifrif;jrwf\ pdwfonf Munfvifaumif; Munfvifvmygvdrfhrnf}}[k wdkufwGef; ajymqdkavonf/ þpum;&yfüvnf; ]] xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk t&Sifrif;jrwf qnf;uyfawmfrlyg}}[k ajymqdkaom ZD0uonf ]]t&Sifrif;jrwf...t&Sifrif;BuD;uJhodkYaom yk*¾dKvfwpf&monfvnf;aumif;? wpfaxmifonfvnf;aumif;? wpfodef;onf vnf;aumif; ar;tyfaom uREfkyf\ q&m jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; xdktm;vHk;aom yk*¾dKvfwdkY\ pdwfudk ,lí ajzqdkjcif;iSm ÓPftm; udk,ftm; ESpfyg;vHk;yif &Sdyg\? &GHU&Sm;jcif;uif; &Jwif;pGm csOf;uyf ar;jref;awmfrlyg t&Sifrif;jrwf}}[k wifavQmufavonf/

bk&m;&SifxH oGm;&ef jyifqifjcif;

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qif,mOfwdkYudk jyifqifapjcif;

xdkpum;&yfü awe [d - [lonf wdkufwGef;jcif; teufü jzpfaom edygwfyk'f jzpf\/ tcsif;ZD0u...oGm;avmh-[k qdkvdk\/ [w¬d,memed-[laom ygXfü jrif;? &xm;ponfh rsm;pGmaom ,mOfrsm; &Sdukefjim;aomfvnf; ]]qif,mOfonf jrwfaom,mOf jzpf\? jrwfaomyk*¾dKvfxHodkYvnf; jrwfaom ,mOfjzifhom oGm;oifh\}}-[lívnf;aumif;? ]]jrif;? &xm;,mOfwdkYonf toHjrnfukef\? ta0;rSyif ,if;wdkY\ toHudk Mum;&\? qif,mOf\ toHudkrl z0g;ajcxyf xufMuyfruGm vdkufoGm;olrsm;onfyif rMum;Mu&acs/pifppftm;jzifh udavomtyla0;í Nidrf;at;awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY qlqlnHnHtoHrxGuf Nidrfoufaom ,mOfwdkYjzifhomvQif oGm;oifh\}} [lívnf;aumif; MuHpnfí tZmwowfrif;u ]][w¬d,memed}}[k ajymqdkcJh avonf/

ZD0u\ tpDtpOf

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xdkYaemuf ]]rdef;rwdkYudk trSDjyKí a,musfm;wdkYtm; ab;&efrnfonf r&Sd/ rdef;rwdkYjzifh jcH&Hvsuf csrf;ompGm oGm;tHh}} [kMuHí ig;&maom qifrwdkYudk jyifqifapNyD; rdef;rig;&mwdkYudk a,musfm;toGif ,lapí ]]oifwdkYonf oHvsufESifh vSHwdkYudk udkifpGJMuukefvsuf rif;BuD;udk jcH&HMuukefavmh}}[k ajymqdkonf/

pnfvSnfhí aMunmapjcif;

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ZD0uonf þodkY pOf;pm;rdonfjzpfí ]],aeYn rif;BuD;onf jrwfpGm bk&m;xH oGm;awmhrnf? NrdKUolNrdKUom; tm;vHk;wdkYonf rdrd\ pnf;pdrf tm;avsmfpGm rif;BuD;twGuf tapmifhta&Smufudk ,lMuukefavmh}}[k xdkxdkt&yfodkY owif;ydkYaponf/ pnfudkvnf; vSnfhvnfaponf/
xdktcg vltrsm;u þodkY pOf;pm;rdMuonf ]]tZmwowfrif;BuD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xH oGm;rvdkYqdkygvm;? tcsif;wdkY...b,fvdkw&m;a'oemrsm; jzpfrvJ rodbl;? eu©wfupm;vdkY wdkYrSm bmtusKd;&SdrvJ? rif;BuD;oGm;&m t&yfodkYomvQif wdkY vdkufoGm;MupdkY}} þodkY pOf;pm;rdMuonf jzpfí NrdKUolNrdKUom; tm;vHk;wdkYonf eHYomyef; ponfwdkYudk ,lí rif;BuD;tvmudk arQmfvifhMu ukefvsuf vrf;ü &yfaeMuavonf/ ZD0uonfvnf; tZmowfrif;tm; ]]uyÜdwmed acg aw a'0 [w¬d,memed? ,ó 'ged umvH rnod}}[lí wifavQmufavonf/

ajymqdk½dk; pum;

xdk ]]uyÜdwmed acg}}tp&Sdaom pum;&yfü ]],ó 'ged umvH rnod}} [laom þpum;onf ajymqdk½dk;pum;rQom jzpf\/ ]]tMuiftrIudk t&Sifrif;BuD; cdkif;aptyf\? xdktrIudk uREfkyf jyKvkyfNyD;ygNyD? ,cktcg t&Sifrif;BuD;onf tMuifoGm;jcif;\aomfvnf;aumif;? roGm;jcif;\aomf vnf;aumif; tcsdeftcgudk odawmfrl\? xdkoGm;jcif;? odkYr[kwf roGm;jcif;udk omvQif rdrd\ tvdktm;jzifh jyKawmfrlygavm}} - þum; xdkajymqdk½dk;pum;\ qdkvdk&if; jzpf\/
159/ yapöum £w¬da,m-[lonf toD;oD; wpfa,mufpDaom rdef;rwdkYudk (wifí xGufav\)/ wpfpD;wpfpD;aom qifrü wpfa,mufpD wpfa,mufpDaom rdef;rukd (wifí xGufav\)[k qdkvdkayonf/ Ouúmok "m&d,rmemok - [lonf qDrD;wdkifwdkYudk aqmiftyfukefvsuf (xGufav\)/ r[Íö &mZmEkbma0e - [lonf BuD;us,faomrif;\ tmEkabmfjzifh (xGufav\)/ ]]r[pöm}}[kvnf; ygVd&Sdwwf\/ BuD;us,faom (rif;\ tmEkabmfjzifh xGufav\)[k teufay;tyf\/ þ]]r[pöm}}[laom o'´gonf ykv’difrS £w¬dvdif ajymif;xm;aom o'´g jzpf\/

rif;\ tmEkabmf

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rsm;jym;vSaom tjcHt&Hrsm;

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xdktrwfBuD;wdkY\ tqHk;ü trsKd;rsKd;aom wefqmwdkYjzifh wefqmqiftyf ukefaom? txl;xl; tjym;jym;aom vufeufwdkYudk pGJudkifxm;ukefaom 0dZÆm"dk&fvkvifysKdwdkYuJhodkY udk;aomif;rQukefaom wdkif;Muyfom;wdkYonf rif;BuD;udk jcH&Hukef\/ xdkwdkif;Muyfom;wkdY\ tqHk;ü tojymwpf&mwef t0wfwdkYudk 0wfí tojymig;&mwef udk,f½HkwdkYudk ycHk;pGef;wpfzufü wifxm;ukefaom? aumif;pGm a&csKd;xm;ukefaom? eHUomjzifh aumif;pGm vdrf;usHxm;ukefaom? a&Tyef;ponfh trsKd;rsKd;aom tqifwefqmwdkYjzifh wifhw,fukefaom wpfaomif;rQaom ykPÖm;awmfwdkYonf vuf,mvufudk ajr§mufMuukefvsuf? atmifoHudk a<u;aMumfMuukefvsuf vdkufygoGm;Muukef\/
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þodkYvQif tb,rif;om;BuD;\ arG;pm;om;jzpfaom ZD0uonf tZmwowfrif;\ y&dowfudk y&dowftpGeftzsm;ü wnfí ypfvTwf vdkufaom jrm;onf rif;xHodkY ra&mufEdkifapaom tpDtpOfjzifh pDpOfNyD; ]]wpfpHkwpfckaom ab;tEÅ&m,f jzpfay:vmcJhaomf tm;vHk;wdkY\ a&S;OD;pGm igonf rif;BuD;tm; toufudk ay;tHh}}[k ESvHk;oGif;í rdrdudk,fwdkif rif;BuD;\ teD;jzifhomvQif vdkufygoGm;av\/ rD;½SL;rD;wdkifwdkYum; &maygif; rnfrQ axmifaygif;rnfrQ[lí tydkif;tjcm;r&Sdacs/ þodkYoabm&Sdaom rif;wefcdk;udk &nf&G,fí ]]BuD;us,faom rif;\ tmEkabmfjzifh ZD0u\ o&ufO,smOf&Sd&m t&yfodkY csOf;uyfav\}}[k ygVdawmfü qdktyfayonf/

b,av;rsKd;

t[k a'0 b,H - [laom þygXfü pdwåKMwmob,? ÓPb,? tm&r®Pb,? MowåyÜb, [lí b,av;rsKd; &Sd\/ ,if;av;rsKd;wdkYwGif ]]Zmwð y#dpö b,H b,meuH}} (y#doaE¨ae&jcif; Zmwdudk pGJí aMumufjcif;onf jzpfay:vm\)[lí þodkY tp&Sdaom enf;jzifh a[mMum;tyfaom b,onf pdwfwkefvIyfjcif;[laom aMumufjcif;(pdwåKMwmob,)rnf\/ ]]awyd wxm*wó "r®a'oeH okwGm a,bka,se b,H oHa0*H oEÅmoH tmyZÆEÅd}} (xdkwefcdk;BuD;aom ewfjA[®mwdkYonfvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ w&m;a'oemudk Mum;em&vQif rsm;aomtm;jzifh aMumufjcif;? xdwfvefYjcif;? jyif;pGmwkefvIyfjcif;odkY a&mufukef\)[lívmaom b,onf ÓPfjzifh aMumufjcif; (ÓPb,) rnf\/ ]]{wH Ele wH b,ab&0H tm*päwd}} (pifppf þaMumufrufzG,fonf vm\)[laom þygVdü a[mtyfaom b,onf tm½Hk[laom aMumufzG,f (tm&r®Pb,)rnf\/
]]bD½Hk yoHoEÅd e [d ww¬ ol&H? b,m [d oaEÅm e ua&mEÅd ygyH}}-
[lívmaom þb,onf xdwfvefYjcif;[laom aMumufjcif; (MowåyÜb,) rnf\/ xdk*gxm\ teufum; - xdkraumif;rIü aMumufwwfoludk ynm&Sdrsm; csD;rGrf;Mu\/ &J&ifholudk rcsD;rGrf;Muacs/ olawmfaumif;wdkYonf aMumufjcif;aMumifhomvQif raumif;rIudk rjyKvkyfMuacs - [lí jzpf\/
tqdkyg b,av;rsKd;wdkYwGif þae&mü pdwfwkefvIyfjcif;[laom pdwåKMwmob,onf jzpfay:vmav\-[lí teufudk rSwftyf\/ qrÇdwwåH? [lonf awmifhwif;aom udk,f&Sdonf\ tjzpfonf/ wpfudk,fvHk; wkefvIyf jcif;onf jzpfay:vm\-[k teufudk rSwftyf\/ avmr[Haom-[lonf arG;nif;wdkY\ &Tifjcif;onf/ txufü wnfaom arG;nif;&Sdonf\ tjzpfonf (jzpfay:vmav\)[k teufudk rSwftyf\/ qufOD;tHh? xdkarG;nif; &Tifjcif;(MuufoD;arG;nif;xjcif;)onf w&m;em&jcif; ponfwdkYaMumifh ESpfoufrI yDwdjzpfay:vmaomtcg yDwdaMumifhvnf; jzpfwwf\/ aMumufwwfaom oabm&SdolwdkYtm; ½dkufESufjcif;? ajrbkwfbDvl; ponf wdkYudk awGUjrifjcif;wdkYü aMumufjcif;aMumifhvnf; jzpfwwf\/ þae&mü aMumufjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom MuufoD;arG;nif;xjcif;[lí odtyf\/

tZmwowfrif; aMumuf&GHUjcif;taMumif;

þtZmwowfrif;onf tb,fhaMumifh aMumuf&GHUcJhoenf; - [k ar;zG,f&Sd\/ trdkufarSmifaMumifh[k tcsKUdu qdkMu\/ csJUOD;tHh? &mZN*Kd[fNrKdUü wHcg;rBuD; (32)ck? wHcg;i,f (64)ck &SdcJh\/ ZD0u\ o&ufO,smOfonf NrKdU½dk;wHwdkif;ESifh *dZösuk#fawmifwdkY\ tMum;üf wnf&Sd\/ tZmwowfrif;onf NrKdU\ ta&SUwHcg;jzifh xGufvmNyD; awmif&dyfjzifh o&ufO,smOfodkY 0ifcJhonf/ xdko&ufO,smOfü va&mifudk awmifxGwfu zHk;uG,fxm;onf/ awmif&dyfESifh opfyif&dyfwdkYaMumifh arSmifrdkufaeonf/ þodkY tcsKdUq&mwdkYu qdkMu\/ ,if;tqdkrSm oifhavsmfaom taMumif; r[kwfacs/ rSef\? xdktcsdefu xGef;n§d udkifaqmiftyfaom rD;½SL; rD;wdkifrsm;rSm odef;*Pef;jzifhyif ydkif;jcm;a&wGufí r&atmif rsm;jym;cJhayonf/
trSeftm;jzifh tZmwowfrif;onf toHwdwfqdwfjcif;udk taMumif; jyKí ZD0utay: ,HkrSm;&Sdaejcif;aMumifh aMumuf&GHUcJhjcif; jzpf\/ csJUOD;tHh? ZD0uonf eef;jymom'fay:ü &SdaepOfuyif ]]t&Sifrif;jrwf...jrwfpGm bk&m;onf toHwdwfqdwfrIudk vdkvm;awmfrl\? wdwfqdwfaom toH&Sdonf jzpfíomvQif jrwfpGmbk&m;xH csOf;uyfoifhyg\}}[lí tZmwowfrif;tm; wifavQmufcJh\/ xdkUaMumifh tZmwowfrif;onf wl&d,moHrsm;udk wm;jrpf cJhonf/ wl&d,mwdkYonf udkif½HkoufoufrQom jzpfukef\/ pum;udkvnf; us,fus,f rajymMu&bJ vufzspfwD;oHtrSwfjzifh oGm;Mu&\/ o&ufO,smOf xJüvnf; wpfpHkwpfa,muf\ acsqwfoHrQudkyif rMum;&acs/ rif;wdkYrnfonf rSmvnf; toHü vGefpGm arGUavsmfwwfolrsm; jzpfMu\/ tZmwowfrif;onf ,if;odkY toHwdwfqdwfaejcif;udk taMumif;jyKí NiD;aiGUonfjzpfí ZD0uay: üvnf; ,HkrSm;jcif;udk jzpfapavonf/ ]]þZD0uonf uREfkyf\ o&ufO,smOfü &[ef;awmf wpfaxmifhESpf&mhig;q,f &Sd\[k ajymqdk\/ þO,smOfüvnf; acsqwfoHrQudkyif rMum;&acs/ [kwfr,f rxifygbl;/ 'DZD0u[m igYudk vSnfhpm;í NrdKUxJu xkwfvmNyD; a&SUrSm ppfwyfawG csxm;NyD; igYudk zrf;í oludk,fwdkif xD;jzLpdkufxlvdk[ef wlygw,f/ rSef\? þZD0uonf qifajymif ig;pD;tm;udk aqmifol jzpf\/ ig\ teD;jzifhomvQifvnf; oGm;\/ igh tem;rSmvnf; vufeufudkif ppfom;[lí wpfOD; wpfa,mufrQ r&Sd/ tif;...igawmh udk,fusKd; enf;acsNyD}}
tZmwowfrif;onf þodkY aMumuf&GHUvmonf&Sdaomf raMumuf ouJhodkY [efaqmif&efvnf; rpGrf;Edkifawmhacs/ odkYjzpfí rdrdaMumuf&GHUonfh taMumif;udk ZD0utm; xkwfazmfajymMum;&awmh\/ xdkUaMumifh ]]tx acg &mZm --- e eda*¢maom}}[lí ygVdawmfü rdefYqdktyfavonf/
xdk tx acg &mZm - tp&SdaomygVdü or®-[laom o'´gonf &G,fwl rdwfaqGudk ac:a0:aomo'´g jzpf\/ rdwfaqG...b,fvdkvJ ighudk jzm;a,mif;NyD; ac:vmwmawmh r[kwfwefygbl; - [k qdkvdk\/ e yvarÇod - [lonf r&Sdwmudk &Sdw,fvdkYajymNyD; ighudk jzm;a,mif; ac:vmwmawmh r[kwfwefygbl;/ eda*¢maom - [lonf pum;ajymaom toHrQonfyif (r&Sdyguvm;)/
rm bm,d r[m&mZ-[lonfum; ZD0uonf ]]þrif;um; ]þZD0uonf olwpfyg;udk owfrnfhol r[kwf}[lí rod? tu,fí igu olUudk pdwfoufomatmif rjyKvkyfvQif ysufpD;av&m\}}[kMuHí cdkifjrJatmif jyKí pdwfoufomapvdkonf jzpfí ]]raMumufygeJU rif;jrwf...}}[k qdkNyD; ]]e wH a'0}} tp&Sdaom pum;udk wifavQmufavonf/ tbduúr - [lonf a&SU½IoGm;awmfrlyg/ 0ifawmfrlyg/ þodkY teufudk odtyf\/ qufOD;tHh? wpfBudrfwnf; ajymqdkvQif cdkifjrJaompum; rjzpfaomaMumifh taqmwvsif omvQif ESpfBudrf ajymqdkavonf/
{aw r@vrmaV 'Dyg psm,EÅd-[lonfum; ]]rif;jrwf...cdk;oltkyfpk (vlqdk;*dkPf;)rnfonf qDrD;wdkYudk xGef;nd§í rwnfyg? wefaqmif;0ef;üvnf; þqDrD;rsm; awmufyaeygonf? þqDrD;[laom trSwfonmjzifh <uoGm;awmfrlyg t&Sifrif;jrwf...}}[k wifavQmufav\/