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rsufarSmufacwf urÇmay:wGif ax&0g'Ak'¨bmom EdkifiH[k todtrSwfjyKxm;aom EdkifiHBuD; (5)EdkifiH &Sdayonf/ ,if; EkdifiHrsm;rSm ---
(1) jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
(2) ,dk;',m; (xdkif;EkdifiH)
(3) oD[dkVf (od&DvuFmEkdifiH)
(4) uarÇm'D;,m; (urfyl;csm;EkdifiH)
(5) avmEdkifiH (vmtdkEkdifiH)wdkY jzpfMuygonf/
tqdkygEdkifiHrsm;wGif Ak'¨bmom0iftrsm;pk aexdkifvsuf &SdMuayonf/ ¤if;wdkYteuf uREfkyfwdkY\ jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkdifiH awmftaejzifh 1988-ck aemufydkif;wGif pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&;? usef;rma&; ponfjzifh tpp t&m&m bufpHkzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufvsuf &Sd&m bmoma&; omoema&;ESifh ywfoufí acwftquf qufwGif rnfonfh acwfumvESifhrQ rwlatmif wdk;wuf pnfyifjyefYyGm;vsuf &Sdaeayonf/ ,cifh ,cif acwfrsm;uuJhodkY r[kwfrlí 1992-ckESpf? rwfv (20)&ufaeYrS pí ]]omoema&; 0efBuD;Xme}}[lí oD;jcm; wnf&Sdvsuf &Sdonf/ (9-5-91)aeYrS pí omoema&;OD;pD;XmeESifh omoemawmf xGef;um; jyefYyGm;a&; Xme[lí ESpfXmecGJjcm;NyD; omoemawmf txl; pnfyifxGef;um; a&;udk a&S;½Ivsuf EdkifiHawmf tpdk;&u pepfwus pDrHaqmif&Guf vsuf&Sdaeayonf/
jynfwGif; jynfy omoemjyKjcif; udpörsm;udk txl;tm;ay; vsuf &Sdovdk tjynfjynfqdkif&m Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvfBuD; tm; 1998-ckESpf? 'DZifbmv (9)&ufaeYwGif pwifzGifhvSpfí tifwdkuftm;wkduf taumiftxnfazmfvsuf &Sdygonf/
uREfkyfwdkY EkdifiHtaejzifh aus;&Gmaygif; ajcmufaomif;ausmf &Sd&m bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;aygif; ig;aomif;ausmf&Sdonf[k avhvmod&Sd&ygonf/ 0gqdkoHCm &[ef;awmfrsm; pm&if;taejzifh 1348-ckESpfwGif 0gqdkoHCm (134218)&Sd&mrS ,ck 1361-ckESpf wGif 0gqkdoHCm (170165)txd wdk;wufvmcJhayonf/ omraPpm&if;taejzifh 1348-ckESpfwGif (164040)&Sd&mrS ,ck ESpfwGif (244402)txd wdk;wufvmcJhygonf/ odkYjzpf&m vuf&Sd jrefrmEdkifiHawmfwGif EkdifiHawmftpdk;&rS omoema&;udpörsm;udk txl;OD;pm;ay;í tzufzufrS pepfwus pDrHaqmif&Gufvsuf &SdouJhodkY &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;taejzifhvnf; omoemawmf xGef;um;jyefYyGm;ap&ef qGrf;uGrf;udpörS pí tzufzufrS vdkavao;r&Sd jynfhpHkpnfyifvsuf pdwfcsrf;ajrhpGmjzifh omoem jyKvsuf &Sdygonf/
þodkY rsufarSmufumvwGif uREkfyfwdkY jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;vHk; vufcH udk;uG,fvsuf&Sdaom oefY&Sif;wnfwHh xGef;um;jyefYyGm; vsuf&Sdaom Ak'¨omoemawmfonf yxr jrefrmEdkifiHawmfBuD;tm; pkpnf;wnfaxmifawmfrlcJhaom yk*Hrif;quf (42)qufajrmuf taemf&xmrif;apmvufxuf omoemouú&mZf (1601)ckü yk*HjynfodkY jyefYyGm;a&muf&Sdvmí tpOftquf vufcHudk;uG,f vmcJhaom omoemawmf jzpfygonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh qdk&ygrl omoemouú&mZf (235)ckwGif oD&d"r®maomurif;BuD; aqmif&GufawmfrlcJhonfh wwd, o*Fg,emwGif pkaygif; oefYpif vufcHvmcJhaom omoemawmf jzpfayonf/
þodkY qdk&jcif;rSm jynfNrdKUawmifbuf ig;rdkifcefYtuGm&Sd ysLNrdKUawmfa[mif; arSmfZmrS &&Sdaomarmifuef(armif*ef) a&TaycsyfESpfcktm; taxmuftxm;jyKqdk&jcif; jzpfygonf/ xdka&TaycsyfESpfckwGifvdyd (tu©&m)tm;jzifh u'rÁvdyd? bmom tm;jzifh ygVdbmom? Ak'¨0peum; þodkYwnf;/
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awoH a[wHk wxm*awm tm[/
awoÍö a,m eda&ma"m?
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pwåma&m £'¨dyg'g pwåma&m or®yÜ"mem.../
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a&Taycsyfygta&;tom;onf wrÁyPÖd (oD[dkVf)*dkPf;\ ygVd yd#uwfvmtwdkif; jzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí t&Sifr[dE´ ysKd;axmifcJhaom oD[dkVfoHCmESifh oD&d"r®maomurif;BuD; vufxuf udk;wdkif;udk;XmeodkY omoemjyK acgif;aqmiftjzpf apvTwfawmfrlaom t&SifaomP? t&SifOwå&wdkY ysKd;axmifcJh onfh ok0PÖblrd(jrefrma&Tajr) oHCmonf wpfqufwnf; jzpfonf[k tcdkiftrmjyKay;vdkygonf [lí jyefMum;a&;0efBuD; XmerS 1992-ckESpfxkwf rSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD; (yxrwGJ)\ &mZ0if okawoe r[med'gef; (um)wGif oHk;oyfxm;ayonf/
c&pfESpf 1910-11wGif arSmfZmrS &&Sdaom ausmufpm tydkif;tprsm;onfvnf; ygVdbmomyif jzpfayonf/ c&pfESpf 1926-ckwGif arSmfZm cifbukef;rSyif aypmESifh wlaom a&Taycsyf (20)yg a&Tusrf;pmwpfql &cJhygonf/ a&TaycsyfwGif wpfzufom a&;xm;onf/ (,cktcg &efukeftrsKd;om;jywdkufBuD;wGif jyoxm;ayonf/) a&Taycsyf\ wcsKdUwpf0uf tpdwftydkif;udk jy&aomf ---
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od'¨H? pwåma&m owdy|mem? pwåma&m or®yÜ"mem? pwåma&m £'d¨yg'g ...
uwar[d b*0g pk'´o[d Ak'¨nmaP[d orEém*awm wxm*awm/ þoufaocHypönf;rsm;aMumifh jrefrmjynfawmif ydkif;ü ig;&mpk ajcmuf&mpkavmufuyif Ak'¨omoem (ax&0g') jyefYyGm;aeNyDjzpfaMumif; tcdkiftrm oufao&cJhayonf/ xdkrSwpfqifh c&pfawmf ray:rD ESpfaygif; ESpf&moHk;q,fhig; (bDpD-235)uyif wwd,o*Fg,em (yg#vdykwf)rS jrefrma&TajrodkY omoemjyK apvTwfonfudk ,HkMunf&ef oifhaMumifh ñTef;qdkvsuf &Sdayonf/
ig;&mpkcefYu a&muf&dSvmaom omoemawmfonf yk*HjynfodkY &Sift&[H (t&Sif"r®'óD) a&muf&Sdvmí taemf&xm rif;apmESifh qHkawGUMujcif;onfvQif omoemawmf a&&Snfpnfyif xGef;um;&ef ed'gef; tpyifwnf;/ Ak'¨\ omoemawmf t&Snf wnfwHh&efESifh ywfoufí &Sift&[HrS ]bk&m;&Sif\ omoem awmfoHk;yg;wGif y&d,wådomoemawmf&SdrS y#dywådomoemawmf jzpfEdkifonf/ y#dywådomoemawmfjzpfrS y#da0"omoemawmf jzpfEdkifonf}[lí yk*Hjynfh&Sif taemf&xmrif;apmtm; rdefYawmfrl cJhayonf/
y&d,wådomoem[lonf bk&m;&Sif\ tqHk;tr Mo0g' pum;rsm;jzpfonfh yd#uwfusrf;pmrsm; jzpf\/ y#dywådomoem [lonf ,if; yd#uwfusrf;pmtwdkif; vdkufemusifhMuH tm;xkwf onfh usifh0wfrsm; jzpfonf/ ,if;usifh0wfy#dywfrsm;udk vdkufem usifhMuHtm;xkwfojzifh &&Sdonfh r*fzdkvfedAÁmefw&m;udk odrItusKd;onf y#da0"omoemawmf jzpfayonf/ omoem awmft&SnfxGef;um;&efrSm y&d,wådudk tajccH &ayrnf/
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jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu þodkY ajzMum;awmfrlonf ---
]0dyóDjrwfpGmbk&m;? odcDjrwfpGmbk&m;? a0óbljrwfpGm bk&m;wdkY\ omoemawmfonf t&SnfrwnfwHh/ taMumif; rlum;-- xdkbk&m;&SifwdkY\ wynfhom0ursm;onf w&m;a'oem awmfudk tusOf;rQ a[mMum;½Hkjzifh tmoa0gukefcef; &[EÅm jzpfoGm;Muukef\/ xkdYaMumifh w&m;a'oemawmfudk tus,f a[mawmfrrlcJh? 0denf;odu©myk'fawmfudk ynwfawmfrrlcJhMuukef/ xdkbk&m;&SifwdkY y&dedAÁmefpHvGefawmfrlNyD;aemuf wynfhom0u ESpfquf oHk;quf vGefaomtcg omoemawmf uG,fycJhMu avukef\/
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jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif yGifhawmfrlNyD;p 0gawmfESpfq,f (yxr aAm"d) twGif;ü ppfrSefaom o'¨gw&m;ESifh jynfpHkonfh trsKd;aumif;om;rsm;omvQif omoemhabmifodkY 0ifa&mufcJhí yg&mZduodu©myk'f? oHCm'dodofodu©myk'fuJhodkYaom tjypfBuD; onfh odu©myk'frsm;udk ynwf&ef rvdkao;acs/ BuD;av;onfh tjypfusL;vGefrI r&Sdojzifh wm;jrpfydwfyif&ef rvdkao;acs/ ruRrf;usifaom aq;orm;onf temrjzpfay:rD BudKwif cGJpdwfukorI jyKygvQif vlem\ aus;Zl; twifrcH&onfhtjyif tjypfwifrI cH&ayvdrfhOD;rnf? uRrf;usifaom orm;awmfrlum; jynfrSnfhaom temudk cGJpdwfukoay;ojzifh vlem\ aus;Zl;wifrI cH,l&ayvdrfhrnf? þenf;wl tvHk;pkHudk odjrifawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf tjypfusL;vGefrI jzpfay:vmrSomvQif ,if;usL;vGefrIudk wm;qD;ydwfyif&ef odu©myk'fawmfrsm;udk ynwfawmfrljcif; jzpfonf/
bk&m;&Sif\ 0gawmf (20)aemufydkif;ürlum; BuD;av;aom tjypfusL;vGefolrsm; ay:aygufvmcJhonf/ yxryg&mZdutrI usL;vGefonfh t&Sifok'def? 'kwd,yg&mZdutrI usL;vGefonfh t&Sif"ed,? oHCm'dodoftrIrsm; usL;vGefonfh t&SifO'g,D uJhodkYaom yk*¾dKvfrsm; ay:aygufcJhMuonf/ ,if;yk*¾dKvfrsm; tjypfusL;vGefvmonfhtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tjypfrsm;udk axmufjyí jypfwif½Iwfcsawmfrlum þtrIrsKd;udk rjyKvkyf&? rusL;vGef&? jyKvkyfusL;vGefvQif rnfonfhtmywf (tjypf) oifha&mufap[k jypf'PfowfrSwfNyD; wm;qD; ydwfyifawmfrl&ef 0denf; odu©myk'frsm;udk owfrSwfawmfrlayonf/
r[my&dedAÁmeokwfygVdawmfü ---
]]aom a0g rrpöa,e ow¬m/ tmeE´m...igbk&m;y&dedAÁmef pHvGefNyD;aomtcg yd#uoHk;oG,f edum,fig;&yf [laom y&d,wåd w&m;awmfonf oifwdkY\ q&mbk&m; jzpf&pfvdrfhrnf}}[k a[mawmfrlcJhygonf/ xdkodkY a[mawmfrlcJhonfhtwdkif; y&d,wåd w&m;awmfudk oefY&Sif;pifMu,fatmif t&Sifr[muóyrax&f ponfh a&S;a&S;r[max&fBuD;rsm; tqufqufrSonf ,ckr[m ax&fBuD;rsm;wdkifatmif yxro*Fg,emrS q|o*Fg,emtxd o*Fg,emajcmufwef wifNyD; aqmif&GufawmfrlcJhMuukef\/
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0denf; odu©myk'fawmfrsm; ynwfjcif;\ tusKd;rSm q,fyg; &Sdonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm ---
1/ oHCmawmfrsm; 0denf;usifh0wfudk aumif;ygonf[k 0efcHvdkufemjcif;tusKd;
2/ oHCmawmfrsm; csrf;ompGm ae&jcif; tusKd;
3/ tvZÆD'kóDv &[ef;qdk;rsm;udk ESdrfeif;Edkifjcif; tusKd;
4/ oDvudk cspfjrwfEdk;aom &[ef;aumif;rsm; csrf;ompGm aeEdkifjcif; tusKd;
5/ ,ckb0ü ab;&eftEÅ&m,fwdkYudk umuG,f apmifha&SmufEdkif jcif; tusKd;
6/ aemifwrvGefb0ü ab;&eftEÅ&m,fudk z,f&Sm;Edkifjcif; tusKd;
7/ omoemawmfü rMunfndKao;olwdkYudk MunfndKvm apjcif; tusKd;
8/ MunfndKNyD;olwdkYudk o'¨gw&m; xyfrH wdk;yGm;apjcif; tusKd;
9/ omoemawmf t&SnfwnfwHhjcif; tusKd;
10/ 0denf;pnf;urf; (udk,fusifhoDv)udk csD;ajr§mufjcif; tusKd;wdkY jzpfayonf/
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tqdkyg 0denf;odu©myk'fawmfrsm;tm; &Sifawmfbk&m;onf wpfBudrfwnf;? wpfxdkifwnf; ynwfawmfrlcJhonf r[kwfbJ 0gawmf ESpfq,fausmfrS pí Ak'¨omoemawmfa&;qdkif&m udpöwdkYwGif jzpfyGm; ay:aygufcJhaom trItcif; udpörsm;udk tajcwnfí aysmhuGuf? [muGuf-[lí rawGUEdkifatmif tBudrfBudrf jy|mef;owfrSwfcJhojzifh o*Fg,em ajcmufBudrfwif oefYpifNyD;aomfvnf; 0denf;awmftm; jyifqifcsuf[lívnf; aumif;? y,fzsufjcif;? tpm;xdk;jcif;[lívnf;aumif; vHk;0r&SdbJ tvGefw&m NyD;jynfhpHkpGm ,aeYtxd wnf&SdaeNyD; xdk0denf;awmfrsm;udkom tajccHí Ak'¨omoema&;qdkif&m trItcif; udpörsm; tm;vHk;udk acwftqufquf qHk;jzwfvmcJh Muayonf/ 0denf;awmfudk tajccHxm;í ta&;,lykHomvQif tqifhqifh ajymif;vJ wdk;wufvmcJhonfudk avhvmawGU&Sd& ayonf/
jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmef pHvGefawmfrlNyD;onfhaemuf ESpfaygif; (2500)ausmfumvwGif Ak'¨\ omoemawmf xGef;um;&mt&yfjzpfaom rZÑdra'o? oxHk? yk*H? ppfudkif;? yif;,? tif;0? &wemodcF? tr&yl&? rEÅav; ponfwdkYü umvtavsmuf omoemawmftwGif;0,f t"du½kPf;rIrsm; jzpfyGm;ay:aygufcJhayonf/ xdkodkY acwftvdkuf umva'o tavsmuf jzpfyGm;cJhaom t"du½kPf;rIcif;rsm;udk vZÆDayov? odu©mumr? y&d,wåd0dom&'? 0de,"&jzpfawmfrlaom q&mawmfrsm;? omoemydkifrsm; ponfwdkYjzifh ,xmblw use rSefuefatmif qHk;jzwfawmfrlcJhMuukef\/ xdktqHk;tjzwf rsm;um; 0de,orl[0dedpä,? wdyd#u0dedpä, paom xdkxdk usrf;wdkYü xif&Sm; &SdMuukef\/
þrSmbufacwfwGifrlum; 1980-jynfhESpfü jrefrmEdkifiH\ omoemawmfordkif;wGif rMuHKpzl; xl;jcm;vSpGm ok"r®m? a&Tusif? 'Gg&ponfh *dkPf;BuD; (9)*dkPf;onf nDñGwfMuukefonfom jzpfí *dkPf;aygif;pHk oHCmhtpnf;ta0;BuD;udk pnf;a0;aqmif&Gufí omoemawmf oefY&Sif;wnfwHhjyefYyGm;a&;udk atmifjrifpGm taumiftxnf azmfEdkifcJhayonf/
jrefrmEdkifiH wpf0ef;vHk;rS oHCor®Kwd& oHCmhudk,fpm;vS,f q&mawmf (1222)yg; yg0ifonfh *dkPf;aygif;pHk oHCmhtpnf; ta0;yGJBuD;udk &efukefNrdKU&Sd urÇmat; r[mygomPvdkPf*l awmfBuD;ü 1342-ckESpf? e,kefvqef; (11)&ufrS (14)&uftxd (4)&ufwdkifwdkif usif;yí omoemawmftwGuf tvGef ta&;BuD;aom qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;udk csrSwfcJhayonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm-
1/ omoemawmfoefY&Sif;a&; vkyfief;
2/ omoemawmfwnfwHha&; vkyfief;
3/ omoemawmf jyefYyGm;a&; vkyfief;wdkY jzpfMuonf/
txufygvkyfief;BuD; oHk;&yfwGif omoemawmfoefY&Sif;a&; [laom yxrtqifhonf t"dutusqHk; jzpfayonf/ omoemawmf oefY&Sif;a&;twGuf -
(u) &[ef;wk &[ef;a,mifrsm; uG,faysmufap&ef
(c) w&m;wk w&m;a,mifrsm; uG,faysmufap&efudk t"duxm;í aqmif&GufcJhayonf/
'kwd,tqifhjzpfaom omoemawmfwnfwHha&;twGuf q&mawmfrsm; *E¦"k&? 0dyóem"k&jznfhusifhMu&ef? wwd,tqifh omoemawmfjyefYyGm;a&;twGuf 'DCedum,f? ygxdu0*f od*Fg avm0g'okwfawmfvmtwdkif; usifhMuHMu&ef qHk;jzwfcJhayonf/ þoHCmhtpnf;ta0;BuD;\ &nf&G,fcsufrsm;rSm ---
1/ &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm; 0denf;odu©myk'fawmfESifh tnD oDwif;oHk; aexdkifoGm;Edkifa&;twGuf tcsif;csif; MuyfrwfuGyfuJ xdef;odrf;a&;?
2/ 0denf;"r®uH t"du½dkPf; rIcif;rsm;udk 0denf;a'oem awmfESifh tnD ajyNidrf; NyD;jywfatmif aqmif&Gufa&;?
3/ &[ef;wkESifh &[ef;ppfwdkYudk tvG,fwul cJGjcm;a&;wdkY jzpfygonf/ omoemawmfoefY&Sif; wnfwHh jyefYyGm;a&;ESifh ywfoufí omoemhordkif;udk avhvmvQif MuHKawmifhMuHKcJ 'kv’b[lí qdk&avmufatmif jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpHawmfrl NyD;onfhaemuf ESpfaygif; (2524)ESpftwGif;ü "r®pufESifh tmPm pufwdkY tcsif;csif; tm;jyKum rlESifh vl? odkYr[kwf omoemawmfESifh omoemh0efxrf;rsm;udk tEÅ&m,ftoG,foG,frS umuG,fvsuf wnfwHhapcJhonfrSm xifxif&Sm;&Sm; av;Budrfom &Sdao;\/
xdkav;Budrfteuf yxrtBudrf 'kv’bwpfckudk yxr o*Fg,em acwfü awGU&\? xdkacwfü t&Sifr[muóyESifh &mZN*dK[fjynfh&Sif tZmwowfwdkYonf q&m'um tcsif;csif; n§dEIdif;um yxro*Fg,em wifcJhMu\/ t,lrSm;,Gif;aom &[ef;taygif;wdkYudk &mZN*dK[fjynfrS a0;&modkY <uapcJh\/ þodkY q&m'um n§dEIdif;í aqmif&Gufjcif;rSm Ak'¨ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ omoemawmfoefY&Sif; wnfwHh jyefyGm;a&; twGufyif jzpfyg onf/
'kwd,tBudrf 'kv’bwpfckudk wwd,o*Fg,emacwfü awGU&jyef\/ t&Sifr[marm*¾vdykwåwdóESifh oD&d"r®maomurif; w&m;wdkYonf q&m'um tcsif;csif; n§dEIdif;um wwd, o*Fg,emudk wifcJhMu\/ &[ef;wk &[ef;a,mif ajcmufaomif; wdkYudk omoemawmfrS vGifhpifapcJhukef\/ pifppftm;jzifh omoemawmfonf twkta,mifwkdY\ cdkukd;&m r[kwf? tppftrSefwdkY\ cdkukd;&mom jzpfacsonf/
wwd,tBudrf 'kv’brSmum; rZÑdra'oü r[kwf? jrefrm jynfü jzpf\? t&Sift&[HESifh yk*Hjynfh&Siftaemf&xmrif;apm wdkYonf q&m'um tcsif;csif; n§dEdIif;um t&nf;BuD;rsm;udk z,f&Sm;cJhMu\/ o*Fg,emwifjcif; r[kwfaomfvnf; omoem awmf oefY&Sif; wnfwHhjyefYyGm;a&;twGuf txl;vkyfaqmifcsufyif wnf;/
1980-jynfhESpf? aumZmouú&mZf 1342-ckESpfwGif jrefrmEdkifiH wpf0ef;vHk;&Sd oHCmawmfaygif; wpfodef;ausmfwdkY\ qE´ESifh tnD or®Kwday;í a&G;cs,fzGJUpnf;cJhonfh oHCmh0efaqmif q&mawmfrsm;ESifh usif;ycJhaom *kdPf;aygif;pHk oHCmhtpnf; ta0;BuD;onf q&m'umn§dEdIif;í aqmif&GufcJhonfjzpf&m pwkw¬tBudrf 'kv’b[k ac:qdkxdkufayonf/
oHCmh*dkPf;BuD; udk;*dkPf; nDñGwfMuukefonfh enf;wlpGm EdkifiHawmf tpdk;&uvnf; ---
1/ 1980-jynfhESpf? jynfolYvTwfawmf Oya'trSwf (3) 0denf; "r®uH t"du½kPf;rIcif;rsm; ajz&Sif;qHk;jzwfa&;qdkif&m Oya'?
2/ 1983-ckESpf? jynfolUvTwfawmf Oya'trSwf (9) 0denf; "r®uH t"du½kPf;rIcif;rsm; ajz&Sif;qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;udk umuG,f apmifha&Smufonfh Oya'?
3/ 1990-jynfhESpf? EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmufa&; tzGJU Oya'trSwf (20) oHCmhtzGJUtpnf;qdkif&m Oya'?
4/ 1990-jynfhESpf? EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmifa&; tzGJU Oya'uJhodkY tmPmwnfaom trdefYtrSwf (6^90)?
5/ 1990-jynfhESpf? EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmifa&; tzGJU Oya'uJhodkY tmPmwnfaom trdefYtrSwf (7^90)rsm;udk jy|mef;jcif;jzifh tmPmpufESifh "r®pufwdkY yl;aygif; aqmif&GufcJh ygonf/
*dkPf;aygif;pHk oHCmhtpnf;ta0;BuD;\ qHk;jzwfcsuft& vnf;aumif;? txufyg jy|mef;csuf Oya'rsm; t&vnf;aumif; ppfaq;qHk;jzwfcJhaom 0dedpä,trIrsm;wGif ausmufoabFm 0dedpä,? vlaovljzpf0dedpä,? aMumifyef;awm&0dedpä,ESifh ausmufyHkawm&0dedpä,wdkYonf xif&Sm;pGm &SdMuay\/ y&d,wådESifh y#dywådomoemESpf&yfvHk; oefY&Sif;ap&ef omoemh0efxrf; &[ef; oHCmrsm;onf rdrdwkdY\ t,loDvrsm;udk oefY&Sif; pifMu,fí 0denf;awmfrsm;ESifh tnD oDwif;oHk; aexdkifawmfrljcif;jzifh y#da0"omoemawmf txl; pnfyif jyefYyGm;vmEdkifygonf/
odkYjzpfí av;oacFsESifh urÇmwpfodef;Mum yg&rDawmfudk jznfhusifhí vlom;tm;vHk;\ aumif;&maumif;usKd;twGuf a[mMum;ñTefjycJhaom &SifawmfAk'¨jrwfpGmtm;vnf;aumif;? &SifawmfAk'¨a[mMum;awmfrlcJhaom tqHk;tr ("r®u©E¨maygif;-84000) ukefaom w&m;awmfrsm;tm;vnf;aumif;? omoem awmfoHk;&yfudk xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufawmfrlMuukefaom oHCmawmf taygif;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif; ½dkaojrwfEdk;pGm &Sdcdk; OD;wdkufí acwftqufquf ay:xGef;cJhaom omoema&; qdkif&m udpörsm;ESifh ywfoufí ta&;,laqmif&GufykHrsm;? tqifhqifh ajymif;vJ wdk;wufvmjcif;rsm;udk vufvSrf;rDorQ &SmazG avhvmí a&;om;jyKpktyfygonf/