tusKd;ay;qef;Mu,fyHktydkif; (plVur®0db*Fokwåefydkif;)

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(r-|-4-175/) t|uxmu 'Dvkd zGifhxm;w,f/ awma',sykPÖm;BuD;u "e avmb = rdrd&JU pnf;pdrfOpömawGtay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh wPSmavmbaMumifh rdrd&JUtdrfrSmyJ jyefNyD;awmh acG;jzpf&w,f/ olUrSm pnf;pdrfOpömu b,favmuf<u,f0csrf;omovJ Munfhvkdufawmh uka# (80)? tJ'D uka# (80)avmuf<u,f0csrf;omaewJh 'Dawma',sykPÖm; BuD;u rdrdpnf;pdrfukd xdckdufwmukd onf;rcHEkdifwJh rpä&d,w&m; vTrf;rkd; aewJhtwGuf tenf;i,faomfvnf; ay;vSLrI r&SdcJhbl;/ ray;vSL½HkwGif vm;qkdawmh ruao;bl;? olUom;i,fjzpfwJh okbvkvifukdvnf; olu tjrJwrf; qkdqHk;rw,f/ b,fvkd qkdqHk;rovJ¿ awma',sykPÖm;BuD;&JU qHk;rpum; tÍÆemeH c,H 'doGm? 0r®dumeÍö oÍö,H/ r"leÍö orm[m&H? y@dawm C&rm0ao/ (r-|-4-175/) rsufa&;uGif;aewJh rsufpOf;ndKausmufqkdwm a&S;wkef;u &Sdw,f?/tJ'DrsufpOf;ndKausmufu a&S;wkef;uawmh tdE´d,EkdifiHrSm toHk;rsm;cJh ykH&w,f/ 'Dausmufuav;ukd aoG;NyD;awmh ,ckumv vkdifemqJGwJh ykHpHvkdaygh? rsufvHk;ukd uGif;Muw,f/ rsufvHk;ukd uGif;wJh ausmufndK uav; wpfck &Sdw,f? tJ'D ausmufndKuav;ukd aoG;NyD; uGif;Muw,f/ tJ'DausmufndKudk ]]tÍÆe}}vkdY ac:ygw,f/ rsufvHk;uav;udk vkdifem qJGcsifNyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if ausmufuav;udk aoG;vkduf rsufvHk;uav;udk uGif;vkduf? aemufwpfcg vkdifemqJGcsifjyefawmh xyfaoG;jyefw,f? rsufvHk;uGif;jyefw,f/ aoG;ygrsm;vm&if 'DausmufndKuav;[m bmjzpfoGm;ovJ¿ wjznf;jznf; ukefoGm;w,f/ cspfom; ...'Dtwkdif;yJ? pnf;pdrfOpömqkdwm ay;vSLzefrsm;vm&if ukefwmyJ? bmrS tusKd;r&Sdbl;/ 'gaMumifh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ ['Dvkd om;ukd qHk;rw,f/] ...0r®dumeÍö oÍö,H/ r"leÍö orm[m&H? ... cspfom; ...jcawmifykdYwpfckudk Munfhvkduf? jcawG[m enf;enf; enf;enf; pkzefrsm;vm&if wpfaeY bmjzpfvmovJ¿ awmifykdY jzpfvm w,f/ ysm;awGukd Munfhvkduf? wpfaeY wpfaeY enf;enf; enf;enf;ESifh ysm;&nfawGukd pkzefrsm;vm&if wpfaeY ysm;&nfawG trsm;BuD;jzpfvm w,f/ 'Dtwkdif;yJ --- ynm&SdwJh a,mufsm;wpfa,muf[m tdrf&mwnf axmif vlUabmiffrSm pkd;tkyfaexkdifNyDqkd&if ]]jcukdyHkjyK ysm;vkdpk&r,f}}- pnf;pdrfOpömukd 'Dvkdpk&w,f? b,fawmhrS ray;vSL&bl;vkdY olu 'Dvkd tjrJwrf; qHk;rw,f/ tJ'DvkdqHk;raewJh yk*¾dKvfu wpfaeY uG,fvGefcgeD; usawmh 'Dpnf;pdrfOpömawGtay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh avmbukd taMumif;cHNyD;awmh rdrdtdrfrSmyJ jyefNyD;awmh acG;jzpf&w,f/ 'Dw&m;emy&dowfxJrSm rdrd&JUpnf;pdrfOpömawGtay: wG,fwm wyfrufwJh yk*¾dKvfawG r&SdEkdifbl;vm;¿ &SdEkdifw,f/ ckvkd acwåcPvmNyD; w&m;tm;xkwfwJh tcsdeftcgrSmawmifrS ESpfqef;wpf&ufavmuf ESpf &ufavmufus&if aps;xGuf&r,fqkdwJh pdwfxm;jzifh pdwfapmaeMuwJh yk*¾dKvfawG r&SdMubl;vm;¿ &SdaeMuw,f/ tNyD;tykdifcJG&wm r[kwfao; bl;? cPacwå cJG&wm/ cPacwå cJG&rSm 'Davmufawmif pdwfawGu pGJvrf;aeao;w,fqkd&if tNyD;tydkif aemifwpfzefrawGUaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,fqdk&if pdwf"mwfawG b,favmuf pGJvrf;rvJ¿ awG;Munfh ayawmh/ tifrwefukd ESpfoufaewJh pnf;pdrfOpömç tifrwefukd ESpfouf jrwfEkd;aewJh om;awG orD;awG ZeD;awG? 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGESifh aemifwpfzef rawGUawmhaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,fç 'Douf&SdoufrJh umr0w¬K tpkpkawGESifh aemifwpfzef rawGUawmhaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,f qkd&if b,fvkdjzpfrvJ¿ pOf;pm;MunfhMu? BudKwifcJGxm;zkdY raumif;bl; vm;¿ aumif;w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ rcJGEkdifwJh pdwfxm;ESifh aocJh&if ckeu awma',sykPÖm;BuD; acG;b0a&mufovkd rdrdvnf; ra&muf Ekdifbl;vm;¿ a&mufoGm;Ekdifw,f/ okdYaomf acG;qkdwmu 'g enf;enf; awmfao;w,fvkdY ajymEkdifw,f? 'DxuftqifhedrfhwJh i&JwkdY bmwkdYvnf; a&mufEkdifygw,f? 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'gayrJh b,fae&mrSm jr§KyfESHoGm;w,fqkdwmukd zcifu rajymMum;oGm; cJhbl; -- vdkY okbvkvifu jyefvnfavQmufxm;vdkufw,f/ tJ'D ypönf; 0w¬KawG &SdwJhtaMumif;ukd okbvkvifu avQmufxm;awmh bk&m;&Sifu okvvkvifudk tMuHay;jyefw,f -- tJ'DacG;ukd a&ra&mwJh EkdYCem xrif;ukd 0atmifauR;? auR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm tdyf&maumif;aumif; rSmodyf? odyfvkdY oltdyfraysmfhwaysmftcsdefrSm tJ'DacG;ukd oifar;Munfhyg?/tJ'DacG;u ypönf;awG b,fae&mrSm jr§Kyfxm;w,fqkdwmukd olvkdufNyD; jyvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dvkdbk&m;&Sifu trdefY&SdvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm okbvkvifu pOf;pm;w,f? ]uJ &Sifa*gwr ajymwJhpum; rSefcJhr,fqdk&ifvnf; igh ypönf;awG jyef&r,f? rrSefbl;qkdvkdY&Sd&ifvnf; &Sifa*gwrukd rkom0g'ESifh igESdyfuGyfr,f}qkdwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh olu tdrfukd 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzifh jyefoGm;vkdufw,f/ jyefoGm;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m; trdefY&SdwJhtwkdif; acG;udk a&ra&mwJh EkdYCemqGrf;awGudkauR;w,f? auR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh tdyf&maumif;aumif;rSm odyfw,f/ tdyfraysmfhwaysmftcsdefrSm acG;ukd ar;vkdufwJhtcg - 'DacG;uaeNyD;awmh pdwfrcsrf;romESifh okbvkvifukd olUypönf;awG jr§Kyfxm;wJhae&m tukefvHk;udk vkdufNyD;awmh ajcaxmufESifh ,ufNyD;awmh jyw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm wl;azmfMunfhvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm jr§KyfESHxm;wJhypönf;tm;vkH; jyefNyD;awmh &ygw,f? &vkdufwJhtcgusawmh okbvkvifvnf; pdwfxJ auseyfoGm;w,f/ auseyfrI &&SdwJhtwGuf ol b,fvdk pOf;pm;ovJ¿ -- b0y#dpäEéH emr {0H okckrH y#doE¨dtEÅ&H ygu#H orPó a*gwró? t'¨g {o oAÁnL/ (r-|-4-176/) b0wpfckjzifh zkH;uG,fxm;tyfwJh y#doaE¨wpfck jcm;uG,faewJh 'DavmufodrfarGUwJh taMumif;t&mwpfckrnfonf &Sifa*gwr&JU tod ÓPfrSm xif&Sm;aew,f? rcRwf{ueftm;jzifh þ&Sifa*gwr[m oAÁnKor®morÁK'¨bk&m;&Sif jzpfawmfrlygayw,fvdkY qkH;jzwfcsufcsEkdifwJhtwGuf bk&m;&Siftay:ü odyfMunfndKoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh - olu jyóem (14)&yfudk jyKpD&ifvdkufygw,f/ 'Dokbvkvif[m t*F0dZÆmtwwfü uRrf;usifwJholwpfa,muf jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh olU&JUoEÅmefrSm 'Dvdk pdwftMuHtpnf jzpfaew,f/ b,fvkdjzpfovJ¿ £'H "r®yPÖmum&H *a[wGm orPH a*gwrH yaO§ ykpädómrd/ £'H "r®yPÖmum&H = þw&m;vufaqmifudk/ *a[wGm = ,laqmifoGm;í/ orPH a*gwrH = &[ef;a*gwrudk/ yaO§ = jyóem wdkYudk/ ykpädómrd = ar;jref;avQmufxm;aytHh/ ]]'Djyóem (14)&yfqdkwJh w&m;vufaqmifudk o,faqmifNyD;awmh &[ef;a*gwrxHodkY csOf;uyfum jyóemwdkYukd ar;jref;avQmufxm;r,f}} 'Dvdk ESvkH;ykdufum 'kwd,tBudrf oGm;jcif;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf; uyfygw,f/ acG;vnf; aoNyD;awmh i&J a&mufoGm;w,fqkdMupkdY/ bmaMumifh owå0gawG[m ,kwfnHhMu&ovJ jrifhjrwfMu&ovJ¿ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm --- okbvkvifuaeNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh 'Dowå0gawG -- ,kwfnHhwJh owå0gawG jzpf&jcif;&JU taMumif;ç rGefjrwfwJhowå0gawG jzpf&jcif;&JUtaMumif;? bmawGtay: tajccHNyD;awmh jzpfay:&ovJqkdwmukd olu ar;cGef; (14)csuf pD&if NyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH avQmufxm;w,f/ b,fvkd avQmufxm;ovJ¿ ]]aum Ek acg abm a*gwr a[wk aum ypöa,m? a,e rEkómeHa,0 owH rEkóblwmeH 'dóEÅd [DeyÜPDwwm/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ a,e = tMuif taMumif; w&m;aMumifh (0g) tMuif taxmuftyHhaMumifh/ rEkómeHa,0 = vlwkdYonfomvQif/ owH = jzpfMuygukefvsuf/ rEkóblwmeH = vlom;jzpfí jzpfMuukefaom olwkdY\/ [DeyÜPDwwm = t,kwf tjrwfwkdY\ tjzpfukd/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ aom a[wk = xkd,kwfnHhaom owå0gjzpfzkdY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0gjzpfzkdY&ef wkduf½kdufjzpfay:apwwfwJh a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif; w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ aom ypöa,m = xkd,kwfnHhwJhowå0g jrifhjrwfwJhowå0g jzpfzkdY&m tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ jrwfpGmbk&m; ... avmurSm ,kwfnHhwJhowå0gawGvnf; &SdMu w,f? rGefjrwfwJh owå0gawGvnf; &SdMuw,f/ ,kwfnhHwJhowå0gawG jzpfzkdY&m rGefjrwfwJhowå0gawG jzpfzkdY&m wkduf½kdufjzpfay:apwwfwJh a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif;w&m;awGu bmawGygvJ? tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;awGu bmawGygvJvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd olu ar;w,f? qufNyD; awmhvnf; olu avQmufxm;jyefw,f/ jyóem (14) csuf 'dóEÅd [d abm a*gwr rEkóm tyÜg,kum? 'dóEÅd 'DCm,kum/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ tyÜg,kum = wkdaom touf&SdMuukefaom (0g) toufwkdMuukefaom/ rEkómyd = vlom; wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae&ygukef\/ 'DCm,kum = &Snfaom touf&SdMuukefaom (0g) touf&SnfMuukefaom/ rEkómyd = vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae&ygukef\/ ]]t&Sifa*gwr ...avmurSm touf&SnfwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? toufwkdwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd A0SgAm"m? 'dóEÅd tyÜgAm"m/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd &Sifa*gwr .../ A0SgAm"m = tema&m*g rsm;jym;aom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&ygukef\/ tyÜgAm"m = tema&m*guif;aom vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif Mu&ygukef\/ ]]tema&m*gxlajymwJhyk*¾dKvfawG vlom;awGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? tema&m*guif;aewJh vlom;awGukdvnf; awGU&ygw,f/}} 'dóEÅd 'kAÁPÖm? 'dóEÅd 0PÖ0aEÅm/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ 'kAÁPÖm = ½kyftqif; rvSMuukefaom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef \/ 0PÖ0aEÅm = ½kyftqif; vSyí aeMuukefaom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ ]]tqif;vSwJh vlom;awGukdvnf;awGU&w,f? tqif;rvSwJh vl om;awGukdvnf; awGU&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd tayÜou©m? 'dóEÅd ra[ou©m/ (r-3-243/) tayÜou©m = ta>ct&H tausmftapmenf;yg;wJh vlom;wkdYukd vnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif&ygukef\/ ra[ou©m = ta>ct&H tausmf tapm BuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&yg ukef\/ ]]ta>ct&Henf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvfç wefckd;enf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvfç ausmfapm owif; enf;yg;aewJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&ygw,f? ta>ct&H rsm;jym;aewJhyk*¾dKvfç bkef;wefckd;BuD;rm;aewJhyk*¾dKvf 'Dvkdyk*¾dKvfawGukd vnf; avmurSm awGUae&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd tyÜabm*g? 'dóEÅd r[mabm*g/ (r-3-243/) tyÜabm*g = enf;yg;aom pnf;pdrfOpöm &SdMuukefaom vlom; wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&ygukef\/ r[mabm*g = pnf;pdrf Opöm aygrsm;<u,f0wJh vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&yg ukef\/ ]]pnf;pdrfOpömenf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvf qif;&JwhJyk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU& w,fç pnf;pdrfOpömaygrsm;<u,f0wJh csrf;omwJh vlawGukdvnf; awGU jrifae&w,f}}wJh/ 'dóEÅd eDpukvDem? 'dóEÅd OpömukvDem/ (r-3-243/) eDpukvDem = ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;tEG,f&SdMuwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf; (0g) trsKd;,kwfnHhwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifaeMu&ygukef\/ OpömukvDem = trsKd;jrifhjrwfwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae Mu&ygukef\/ trsKd;jrwfwJh vlom;awG trsKd;,kwfnHhwJh vlom;awGukdvnf; avmurSm awGUjrifae&ygw,f/ 'dóEÅd 'kyÜnm? 'dóEÅd yn0aEÅm/ (r-3-243/) 'kyÜnm = ynmenf;yg;aom yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif aeMu&ygukef\/ yn0aEÅm = ÓPfynmBuD;rm;aom yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifaeMu&ygukef\/ avmurSm todtvdr®mÓPfynm tifrwef xlxkdif;wJh t-wJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? ÓPfynm tvGefBuD;rm;wJh ÓPfynm tvGefxufjrufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; avmurSm awGUjrifae&w,f/ aum Ek acg abm a*gwr a[wk aum ypöa,m? a,e rEkómeHa,0 owH rEkóblwmeH 'dóEÅd [DeyÜPDwwmwd/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ a,e = tMuif taMumif; w&m;aMumifh (0g) tMuif taxmuftyHhaMumifh/ rEkómeHa,0 = vlom;wkdYonfomvQif/ owH = jzpfMuygukefvsuf/ rEkóblwmeH = vlom;wkdY jzpfMuukefaom olwkdY\/ [DeyÜPDwwm = t,kwf tjrwf\ tjzpfukd/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ aom a[wk = xdk ,kwfnHhaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&ef wkduf½kduf jzpfay:apwwfaom a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif; w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ aom ypöa,m = xdk ,kwfnHhaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&ef tm;ay; axmufyhHaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;onf um;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ £wd = þokdY ar;jref;avQmuf xm;vkdufavNyD/ aygif;vkdufawmh jyóemb,fESpfcsufvJ¿ (14)csuf/ bk&m;&Sif\ tajz ,kwfnHhwJhowå0g jzpf&jcif;ç rGefjrwfwJhowå0g jzpf&jcif;&JU t aMumif;t&if;awG[m bmawGvJ¿ jyefNyD;awmh ar;w,f/ tJ'Dvkd jyóem (14)ck ar;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS jrwfpGmbk&m;u ----- ur®óum rmP0 owåm ur®'g,m'g ur®a,meD ur®AE¨L ur®yÜ#do&Pm? ur®H oawå 0dbZwd ,'d'H [DeyÜPDwwm,mwd/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = okbvkvif .../ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ ur®óum = uHomvQif ukd,fykdifOpöm&SdMuayukef\/ ur®'g,m'g = uHomvQif tarGcHOpöm &SdMuayukef\/ ur®a,meD = uHomvQif taMumif;&if;ppf &SdMuayukef\/ ur®AE¨L = uHomvQif taqGcifyGef;ppf &SdMuayukef\/ ur®yÜ#do&Pm = uHomvQif ykef;atmif;vJavsmif; rSDckd&m &SdMuay ukef\/ ur®H = uHonf/ oawå = owå0gwkdYukd/ [DeyÜPDwwm,m = t,kwftnHhjzpfzkdY trGeftjrwfjzpfzdkYY&ef/ 0dbZwd = cJGjcm;a0zefí ay;ay\/ 'umawmf okbvkvif ...owå0gawG[m uHomvQif ukd,fykdif Opöm &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif tarGcHOpöm &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif taMumif; &if;ppf &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif taqGcifyGef;ppf &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif ykef;atmif;vJavsmif; rSDckd&m &SdMuw,f/ owå0gwpfOD; ,kwfnHhzkdY&ef twGuf uHu cJGwrf;csay;ygw,f/ owå0gwpfOD; jrifhjrwfzkdY&eftwGuf uHuyJ cJGwrf;csay;ygw,fvkdY --- 'Dvkd jrwfpGmbk&m;u tusOf;csKyf ajzawmfrlvkdufw,f/ bmjzpfvkdY tusOf;csKyfajz&ovJqkdawmh owå0gawG[m awmfawmf av; cufw,f/ txl;ojzifh ykPÖm;awGaygh/ olwkdYu a0'usrf;awGukd uRrf;usifwJh yk*¾dKvfawGjzpfawmh olwkdYukd olwkdY ynm&SdvkdY ,lqMuw,f?/tJ'Dvkd ynm&SdvkdY ,lqaewJh yk*¾dKvfawGukd jrwfpGmbk&m;u rsm;aom tm;jzifh rmefrmeukd usoGm;atmif tusOf;csKyfuav;ukd yxr a[m ay;ygw,f/ tusOf;csKyfa[mNyD;rS tus,fukd aemufxyf xyfNyD;awmh a[may;ygw,f/ yxruwnf;u tus,fukd a[mvkduf&if olwkdYu bmajymwwfMuovJ¿ - aMomf ...&Sifa*gwra[mwJh w&m;awG 'kdY odNyD;om;awGyJvkdY olwdkYu 'Dvkd vkyfwwfMuw,f/ avmurSm vlawGu cufom;yJ? pum;ajymMunfh&if awGUMurSm aygh/ wcsKdU pum;ajymvkdufvkdY&Sd&if olrodwm r&Sdbl;? oltukefodNyD; om;csnf;yJ/ tJ'Dvkd yk*¾dKvfawG avmurSm r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &SdMuygw,f?/'D twkdif;yJ? 'gaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;u cyfusOf;usOf;yJ a[mvkdufawmh olu em;rvnfbl;? em;rvnfwJhtwGuf jrwfpGmbk&m; ...bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlvkdufwJh w&m;u odyfusOf;aew,f? wynfhawmf em;r vnfjzpfaeygw,f? wynfhawmf em;vnfEdkifavmufwJh tjcif;t&m tm;jzifh tus,fa0zefNyD;awmh a[mMum;jyo qkdqHk;ray;awmfrlygvkdY xyfNyD; - qkdqHk;ray;awmfrl&eftwGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufxm; awmif;yefawmh bk&m;&Sifuvnf; tus,fcsJUNyD;awmh xyfNyD; a0zefNyD; a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ b,fvkda[movJ¿ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ awe [d = xkdokdY jzpfcJhyg rlum;/ okPm[d = emMum;ayawmh/ om"kuH = aumif;rGef½kdaopGm/ reodua&m[d = ESvHk;oGif;ayawmh/ bmodómrd = igbk&m; a[m Mum;jyoqkdqHk;ray;awmfrlaytHh/ 'Dvkdqkd&ifawmh emayaawmh? igbk&m; a[mawmfrlr,fwJh/ -- toufwdk&jcif;\ taMumif;&if; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok? aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpuf Murf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aomvuf tjrJ&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdw,f? &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm; &Sdaejyefw,f? olUvufukd MunfhvkdufvkdY&Sd&if owå0gawG&JU aoG;awGESifh tjrJwrf; vdrf;usH ayusHNyD;awmh aew,f? aoG;pGef;aomvuf tjrJ &Sdw,f/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬d 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpuf Murf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aom vuf&Sdonf/ [wy[aw = owfjzwfn§Of;qJjcif;trIü/ ed0da|m = ouf0ifíwnfaeonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ygPblawok = owå0gwkdY tay:ü/ t',myaEém = Muifemaom pdwfxm; r&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY ykwfcwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYrSm olUpdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; ouf0ifwnfaew,f/ avmurSm vlawG Munfhaygh - olwpfyg;pdwfqif;&Jatmif ajymvkduf& qkdvkduf&&if tm;& auseyfwJhyk*¾dKvfawG r&SdMubl;vm;¿ &SdMuw,f/ olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ae &wm ESdyfpufae&wmukdyJ pdwfxJrSm tifrweftm;&auseyfaewJh yk*¾dKvf awGvnf; &SdaeMujyefw,f/ tJ'Dvkd olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef; zkdY ESdyfpufzkdY vkyfief;&yfawGtay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf;ouf0ifwnf aew,f/ uav;b0ukd jyefMunfhvkdufaygh --- ykpOf;uav;awGudkzrf;ç ykpOf;zifNrD;uav;awGrSm BudK;av;csnf cJav;qJGNyD; vTwfvkduf&r,f qkd&if pdwfxJrSm b,fhES,faervJ¿ awmfawmfaysmfMuw,f? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ 'Dowå0guav;awGukd [kd[mESifh vkdufNyD;ykwf 'D[mESifh vkdufykwf 'D[mESifhvkdufypf cJESifhypf wkwfESifh½kduf ponfjzifh 'DvkdjyKvkyf& wmukd pdwfxJrSm tifrwef auseyfMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkd owå0gawGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJhtay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; udef;0yfwnfaew,f?/wcsKdU om;vkdufwwfwJh rkqkd;Munfhaygh? --- 'Dvkd rkqkd;vkyfief;&yfonf raumif;bl;qkdwmukd q&morm;awGuaomfvnf;aumif;ç rdbawGu aomfvnf;aumif; oGefoifqkH;rayr,fvkdY olu 'Dvkyfief;cGiftay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; udef;0yfNyD; wnfaew,fqkd&if olUukd 'Dvkyfief;&yf awGu wm;jrpfzkdY tifrwef cufcJw,f/ tJ'Dtwkdif;yJç tckowå0gwpfOD;u Munfhvkdufawmh trsKd;orD;yJ jzpfjzpf trsKd;om;yJjzpfjzpf olrsm;toufukd owf&rSm odyf0efrav; bl;? jcifwpfaumifudk owfvkduf&rSm 0efrav;bl;? olrsm; twif;tzsif; ajymNyD;awmh wpfa,mufacgif; wpfa,muf oef;&SmNyD; oef;wkwf&rSm vnf; 0efrav;bl;/ tJ'Dawmh &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sd aew,f? vufxJrSm aoG;awG tjrJwrf; pGef;aew,f? olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh vkyfief;&yfawGrSm ouf0ifwnf aewJh pdwfxm;&Sdaew,f? owå0gawG&JUtay:ü MuifemwJhpdwfxm; r&Sd bl;/ r&Sdawmh bmjzpfovJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) aom = xkdygPmwdygwuH xlajymíaewJh yk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhpkHíaeaom (0g) jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jznfhusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdygPmwdygwuHaMumifh/ awe uar®e = xkdtukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemuf umvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&m jzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmom qE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ ygPmwdygwuH OD;aqmifaewJh olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpuf wJhuH? owå0gawG tay:rSm MuifemwJhpdwfxm;r&SdwJh 'DtukokdvfuHawG? tJ'DuHawGukd jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jyKusifhxm;wJh jynfhjynfhpkHpkHaqmufwnfxm; wJh vGefusL;xm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m cE¨mukd,fysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumv ü csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&SdwJh raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&JNydKuJGysufpD;vsuf us a&muf&mjzpfwJh i&JokdY a&mufoGm;w,f/ i&Jukd b,folrS roGm;csifbl;? oGm;vkdwJh qE´"mwf wpfOD;rS r&Sdbl;/ i&JoGm;vkdwJh qE´"mwf r&SdayrJh a&mufroGm;&bl;vm;¿ a&mufoGm;&w,f? bmaMumifhvJ¿ aom awe {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée ... {0H orawåe = þokdY jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H orm'daEée = þokdY jynfhjynfhpHkpHk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyf aom/ awe uar®e = xkduHaMumifh ... jynfhjynfhpHkpHk rdrdvGefusL;í xm;tyfwJh tukodkvfuH? ygPmwdygw OD;aqmifaewJh tukokdvfuH? jynfhjynfhpHkpHkjyKusifhxm;wJh aqmufwnf xm;wJh 'DtukokdvfuHaMumifh ukd,fcE¨mysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumvü i&Ja&muf&SdoGm;NyD? tu,fí i&Jra&mufcJhbl;qkd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ odkYr[kwf taMumif;rvSvkdY i&Ju vGwfvmNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm bmjzpfrvJ¿ vlUb0 ckvkd vlUavmua&mufvmwJhtcg ----- aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? tyÜg,kaum a[mwd/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rI jyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmom qE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf &onf jzpfjim;tHh/ i&JokdY tu,fí a&mufroGm;bl;qkd&if bmjzpfovJ¿ rEkówåH = vltjzpfokdY (0g) vlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&SdvmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif b0ü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wpfzef jzpfay:ívm&ay\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdy#doaE¨tm;jzihf jzpfay:ívm&m þvlUavmuü/ tyÜg,kaum = wkdaomtouf&Sdonf (0g) toufwkdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vlUavmu taMumif;rvSvkdY a&muf&SdvmcJhr,fqdk&if - taMumif; uawmh vSoifhoavmufawmh vSygw,f/ rvSbl;qkdwmu wpfbufu ygPmwdygwuHawGuvnf; vGefusL;xm;vkdYajymwm? i&J ra&mufbJESifh tu,fí vlavmua&mufcJhr,fqdk&if a&mufav&mb0rSm bmjzpf ovJ¿ tyÜg,kaum a[mwd - toufwkdw,f/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ a,m = tMuifolonf/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpufMurf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm; &Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aomvuf &Sdonf/ [wy[aw = owfjzwfn§Of;qJjcif; vkyfief;&yfü/ ed0da|m = ouf0ifí wnfaeaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ ygPblawok = owå0gwkdYtay:ü/ t',myaEém = Muifemjcif; uif;aom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ {om = þuJhokdYaom olUtoufukd owfjcif; tp&Sdaom vkyfief;&yfusifhpOf onf/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum = wkdaomtoufukd jzpfapwwfaom/ y#dy'g = usifhpOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpfygay\/ toufwkdaMumif;jzpfwJh usifhpOf[m bmvJ¿ olUtoufukd owf jcif;ç olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;ç aoG;pGef;aom vuf&Sdjcif;ç owå0gawGtay:ü Muifemjcif; uif;wJh pdwfxm;&Sdjcif;? -tJ'D pdwfxm;awGonf bmjzpfovJ¿ toufwkdjcif;&JU taMumif;wpfck jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh toufwkdwm[mvnf; taMumif;r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdaeygw,f/ bmtaMumif;vJ¿ uHyJ/ uJ -- toufwkdwm taMumif; &Sdovkd touf&Snfwmusawmhaum taMumif;r&Sdbl;vm;qkdawmh --taMumif;&Sdjyefw,f/ touf&Snf&jcif;\taMumif; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd? (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" ye = þavmuü um;/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬d 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomf vnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwH = olUtoufowfjcif;ukd/ y[m, = pGefYy,fí/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufowfjcif;rS/ y#d0d&awm = a&SmifMuOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom wkwf&Sdonf jzpfí/ ed[dwoaw¬m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom vufeuf&Sdonfjzpfí/ vZÆD = raumif;rItukokdvf 'kp½kdufwkdYü &Sufaompdwfxm;&Sdonfjzpfí/ ',myaEém = owå0gwkdYtay:ü oem;jcif;okdY a&muf&Sdonfjzpfí/ oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD = tvHk;pHkaom owå0gwkdY\ tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfapmifha&Smufjcif; u½kPmw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkonfjzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;udk Munfhvkdufyg? trsKd;orD;yJjzpfjzpf trsKd;om;yJjzpf jzpf --- 'DvlUavmurSm aexkdifwJhtcsdeftcgrSm olUtoufukd b,fawmhrS rowfbl;? olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfukd olu a&SmifMuOf xm;w,f? y,fpGefYxm;w,f? olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh wkwfb,fawmhrS rukdifbl;? wkwfukd tjrJwrf; csxm; w,f? olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh &nf&G,f csufjzifh vufeufukd b,fawmhrSrudkifbl;? vufeufukd tjrJwrf;csxm; w,f? owå0gawGtay:ü Muifemoem;wwfwJh u½kPmESifh ,SOfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sdw,f? owå0gawG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwae wJh tpOfoem;apmifha&SmufaewJh pdwf"mwfawG tjrJwrf; &Sdaew,f? wpfbufom;ukd tjrJwrf; ulnDzkdYtoifhyJ? wpfbufom;tay:uae NyD;awmh rdrdu tjrwfxkwf,lzkdYqkdwJh pdwfxm; r&Sdbl;? wpfbufom;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukdom rdrdu tjrJwrf; &Gufaqmifay;vkdwJh pdwfxm;&Sdw,f? EIdif;,SOfMunfhprf;? b,fpdwfxm;u rGefjrwfovJ¿ wpfbufom; rsuf&nfBuD;i,f usapwJh pdwfxm;u wpfbuf? wpfbufom;tay:rSm qif;&J'ku©rS xkwfaqmifu,fwifvkdwJh pdwf xm;u wpfbuf? ESpfbuf&Sdw,f/ b,fpdwfxm;u ykdaumif;rvJ¿ pOf;pm;Munfhaygh -- tcktcsdeftcgrSm rdrdwkdYu bmvkyfaeMuwmvJ¿ uHawGudk xlaxmifaeMuwmyJ? qef;Mu,fwJh yef;csDum;csyfuav;awG udk a&;qGJaeMuwmyJ/ 'Dvdk uHawGudk xlaxmifaeMuwmjzpfvdkY uHqef; Mu,fyHkESifh ywfoufNyD; cka[maewm/ uHqef;Mu,fvkdY&Sd&if owå0gawG qef;Mu,fw,fqkdawmh 'DuH w&m; qef;Mu,fatmif b,folu jyKjyifzefwD;ay;ovJvkdY ar;awmh pdwf"mwfu jyKjyifzefwD;ay;aewm/ pdwf"mwfawG qef;Mu,fNyDqkd&if owå0gawG jyKvkyfzefwD;aewJh uHawG qef;Mu,foGm;w,f/ uHawG qef;Mu,fNyDqkdvdkY&Sd&if tusKd;ay;wmvnf; qef;Mu,foGm;w,f/ tusKd; ay;csif;awG wlnDrvm;¿ rwlnDawmhbl;/ rwlnDyHkESifh ywfoufNyD; awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu 'D*'´KvA'¨okwåefrSm Oyrmuav;ESifh a[m Mum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ yef;csDum;csyfudk a&;qGJaecsdef ao,sxmyd bdu©a0 &Zaum 0g pdwåum&aum 0g &Zem, 0g vmcg, 0g [vd'´d,m 0g eDvd,m 0g rÍÆd|m, 0g oky&dra| zvau 0g bdwåd,m 0g 'kóya¥ 0g £w¬d½lyH 0g yk&do½lyH 0g tbdedr®dae,s oAÁ*Fypö*Ø H/ (oH-2-124/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ ao,sxmyd = jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmonfum;/ &Zaum 0g = aq;qkd;yef;½kduf orm;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ pdwåum&aum 0g = yef;csDaq;a&; q&monfaomfvnf;aumif;/ &Zem, 0g = qkd;&nfjzifhaomfvnf; aumif;/ vmcg, 0g = csdwf&nfjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ [vd'´d,m 0g = eEGif;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ eDvd,m 0g = tndKa&mifjzifhaomf vnf;aumif;/ rÍÆd|m, 0g = ndK0ga&maygif; armif;aomta&mifjzifh aomfvnf;aumif;/ oky&dra| = aumif;pGm tajytjypf jyKjyifí xm;tyfaom/ zvau 0g = ysOfjym;xufüaomfvnf;aumif;/ bdwåd,m 0g = eH&Hay:üaomfvnf;aumif;/ 'kóya¥ 0g = ydwfum;csyf ay:üaomfvnf;aumif;/ oAÁ*Fypö*Ø H = tvHk;pHkaom ukd,ft*FgBuD; i,fwkdYESifh jynfhpHkíaeaom/ £w¬d½lyH 0g = trsKd;orD;½kyfyHkukdaomf vnf;aumif;/ yk&do½lyH 0g = trsKd;om;½kyfyHkukdaomfvnf;aumif;/ tbdedr®dae,s = zefqif; ½kdufcs,f a&;cs,fav&m\/ uRrf;usifwJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform; wpfOD;aygh? rsm;aomtm;jzifh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform;awGuawmh ydwfuav;ukd aq;qkd; yef;½kduf vkyfief; jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ 'Dawmh ydwfum;csyfwpfckay:rSm uRrf;usif wJh yk*¾dKvfu aq;qkd;yef;½kdufvkyfief; jyKvkyfw,f? tvm;wlyJ eH&Hay: rSmyJjzpfapç ysOfjym;csyfwpfckay:rSmyJjzpfapç ydwfum;csyfwpfckay:rSmyJ jzpfap uRrf;usifvdr®mwJh yef;csDq&mwpfOD;uvnf; yef;csD½kyfawG a&;qJG w,f? tJ'Dvkd a&;qJGvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm ukd,ft*FgBuD;i,fwkdYjzifh tvHk;pHk jynfhpHkaewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk wpfckukd a&;qJGw,f? okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHk wpfckukd a&;qJGw,f/ tJ'Dvkd a&;qJGvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm a&;qJGaewJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduf orm; okdYr[kwf yef;csDq&mu uRrf;usif&if bmjzpfovJ¿ tifrwef tcsKd;ustqifajywJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkawG 'D yef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:vmw,f/ a&;qJGvkdufwJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform; okdYr[kwf yef;csDq&mu ruRrf;usifwJhyk*¾dKvfjzpfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh bmjzpf ovJ¿ tifrwef tusnf;weft½kyfqkd;aewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk odkYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkawG 'Dyef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:rvmEkdifbl;vm;¿ ay:vm Ekdifw,f/ 'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ? cktcsdeftcgrSm owå0gawG[m yef;csDum;csyf uav;awG? udk,fykdifyef;csDum;csyfuav;awGudk cktcga&;qJGaewJh tcsdefyJ/ tJ'DrSm rdrdwkdY&JU ukd,fykdifyef;csDum;csyfuav;udk a&;NyDqdkvkdY &Sd&if 'Dyef;csDum;csyfxJrSm rdrdu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif a&;Ekdifr,fqdk&if tifrwef vSyacsmarmwJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHk ay:vmr,f? ruRrf;rusif rvdr®mbJESifh oGm;NyD; a&;qJGvkdufr,fqkdvkdY &Sd&if tifrwef tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;aewJh ½kyfyHkawG ay:rvmEkdif bl;vm;¿ ay:vmEkdifw,f/ tJ'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ tckrdrdwkdYu uHawGukd wnfaxmifzefqif;ae Muwmjzpfw,f/ tJ'DuHawGudk wnfaxmifzefqif;aewJh tcsdeftcgu av;rSm rdrdwkdY&JU wnfaxmifzefqif;rIu ruRrf;rusif rvdr®mvkdY pdwf xm;awGu tifrwef nHhzsif;aevkdY&Sd&if aemifwpfcsdef b0wpfckvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh yef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:vmrnfh ½kyfyHkawGu b,fvkd ½kyfyHkawG jzpfrvJ¿ tifrwef tusnf;wefwJh t½kyfqkd;wJh yHkpHuav;awG ay:vmEkdifw,f/ uHudk xlaxmifcJhpOfwpfcsdefu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrmESifh rdrdwkdYu a&;qJGEkdifcJhr,fqkd&ifawmh bmjzpfrvJ¿ b0ZmwfcHkvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh ydwfum;csyfay:rSm tifrwef acsmarm vSyaewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkuav;awG ay:vm Ekdifw,f/ ck'DrSm ynmrsufpdumPf;aewJh tE¨Amv ykxkZef irkdufom;qkdwm&Sdw,f/ y&rwf ÓPfynmrsufpd r&Sdbl;? ½kyfw&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif; rSefpGm rodbl;? emrfw&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? taMumif; w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? taMumif;w&m;ESifh wuG 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpötcsufç 'ku©tcsufç tewåtcsufukd [kwf wkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? tJ'Dvkd rodwmawGukd wpfyHkBuD;xrf;xm;aewJh 'D ykxkZef irkdufom;u olwnfaxmif zefqif;vkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if bmukd om olwnfaxmif zefqif;vkdY&rvJ¿ ykxkZefirkdufom; a&;qGJEdkifwJh yef;csDum;csyf {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 tókw0g ykxkZÆaem ½lyan0 tbdedAÁawåaEÅm tbdedAÁawåwd/ a0'ean0/ y / onan0/ ocFga&a,0/ 0dnmPan0 tbdedAÁawåaEÅm tbdedAÁawåwd/ (oH-2-124/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ {0ar0 acg = þOyrmtwl omvQif/ tókw0g = tm*rokw t"d*rokw[k ac:qkdtyfaom tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdaom ... tm*rokwqkdwmu oifodudk ajymwm? cE¨m-tm,we-"mwf- opöm-aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd oifod taeESifh odwm/ t"d*rokwqkdwmu tJ'D cE¨m-tm,we-"mwf- opöm-aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd usifhod taeESifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufNyD; odwm/ tJ'D tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdbl;/ a&S;wkef;uawmh -- 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGudk od&Sda&;twGuf q&morm;awGxHrSm oGm;NyD;awmh oifwJhtcg ckvkd pmtkyfawGESifh roifMum;&bl;? q&morm;uvnf; tvGwfcsay;w,f? wynfhuvnf; tvGwfvkdufNyD;awmh qkd&w,f/ q&morm;ajymwmukd em;ESifhem;axmif NyD; Mum;wJhtcgusrS oif,l&wJh pepfjzpfvdkY tJ'gudkawmY tMum;okw? tJ'DtMum;okwtaeESifh oifNyD;wJh 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd oifodtqifhuaeNyD;awmh rdrduwpfqifh wufNyD; usifhodtaeESifh odatmifBudK;pm;&w,f/ tJ'Dvkd BudK;pm;vkdufwJh tykdif;rSm wu,fwrf; vufawGUtm;jzifh 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm-y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd rdrdu or®m'd|dÓPfynmESifh ukd,fwkdif rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodNyDqkd&ifawmh 'gukd t"d*rokwvkdYac:ygw,f? tJ'D tm*rokwukdawmh oifodjzpfvkdY tMum;? t"d*rokw ukdawmh usifhodjzpfvkdY ÓPfESifhjrifvkdY tjrifqkdNyD; 'Dvkdbmomjyefqdkxm; awmfrlMuw,f? tJ'D tMum;ESifh tjrif ESpfckaygif;NyD;awmh 'DA[kokw qkdwJh pum;vHk;ukd a&S;a&S;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;wdkYu tMum;tjrif A[k okw&Sdaom- qkdNyD; 'Dvkd bmomjyefqdkxm;awmfrlMuw,f/ ck'Dae&mrSm ajymif;jyefaygh? ]]tókw0g}} usawmh tJ'D tMum;tjrif A[kokw vkH;vkH;r&Sdbl;wJhaemf/ 'gaMumifh ----- bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ {0ar0 acg = þOyrmtwl omvQif/ tókw0g = tm*rokw t"d*rokw[k ac:qkdtyfaom tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdaom/ ykxkZÆaem = ynmrsufpd umPf;í aewJh tE¨Amv ykxkZefirkdufom;onf/ tbdedAÁawåaEÅm = jzpfap cJhonf&Sdaomf (0g) jzpfatmifvkyfcJhonf&Sdaomf/ ½lyan0 = ½kyfw&m;ukd omvQif/ tbdedAÁawåwd = jzpfapEkdif\/ oljzpfatmifvkyfEkdifwm bmawGom jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifovJ¿ ½kyfw&m;ukdom jzpfatmifvkyfEkdifw,f/ tbdedAÁawåaEÅm = jzpfapcJhonf&Sdaomf/ a0'ean0 = a0'em w&m;ukdomvQif/ onan0 = onmw&m;ukdomvQif/ ocFga&a,0 = apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkwkdYukdomvQif/ 0dnmPan0 = todpdwf 0dnmPfw&m;ukdomvQif/ tbdedAÁawåwd = jzpfapEkdif\/ oljzpfatmif vkyfEkdifwm ½kyfukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? a0'emukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? onmukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkawGukdom jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? todpdwf 0dnmPf ukdom oljzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? tJ'DxufykdNyD; jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;r&Sdbl;? bmaMumifhvJ¿ ½kyfç a0'emç onmç ocFg&ç 0dnmPf ac:wJh 'DcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU csKyfNidrf;&mjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefukd oGm;w,fqkdwmu 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&mom jzpfw,f? 'DcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU taMumif;&if; ork',opömudk [kwfwkdif; rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&momjzpfw,f/ 'D 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh cE¨mig;yg;ç ork',opöm trnf&aewJh taMumif;w&m; 'DESpf&yfvHk;wkdY&JU tedpötcsufç 'ku©tcsufç tewå tcsufawGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&mom jzpfw,f/ rdrdu 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;udk vnf; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rod? ork',opöm trnf&wJh 'ku©opöm&JU taMumif;w&m;awGudkvnf; [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rod? taMumif;w&m;ESifh wuG 'DcE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewå tcsufudkvnf; [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rod/ tJ'Dvdk rodwmawGudk wpfyHkBuD; xrf;xm;wJhtwGuf ynmrsufpd umPf;aeNyD? ynmrsufpdumPf;aewJhyk*¾dKvfu oljzpfatmifvkyfEkdif&if bmudkom oljzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&rvJ¿ ½kyfw&m;ukd jzpfatmifvkyfvkdY &r,f? a0'em cHpm;rIw&m;awGudk jzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? rSwfom;rI onmw&m;awGukd jzpfatmifvkyfvkdY&r,f? apwemOD;aqmifaewJh apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkawGukdom jzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? todpdwf 0dnmPfw&m;awGukdom oljzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? 'gayrJhvkdY ol jzpfatmif vkyfwJhtykdif;rSm 'DcE¨mig;yg;onf uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrf rmrmESifh rdrdu jzpfatmifvkyfcJh&ifawmh tifrwef acsmarmvSyaewJh cE¨mig;yg; jzpfay:vmr,f/ ruRrf;usifbJESifh tukokdvfw&m;awGukd wpfyHkBuD; xrf;NyD; cE¨m ig;yg;ukd jzpfatmifvkyfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh 'Djzpfay:vmwJh cE¨mig;yg;onf tifrwef tusnf;weft½kyfqkd;aewJh cE¨mig;yg;jzpfEkdifw,f/ ckMunfhaygh ckeu plVur®0db*FokwåefrSm wpfbufuyk*¾dKvf Munfhaygh? olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdw,f? aoG;pGef;aomvufawG tjrJwrf; &Sdw,f? owå0gawG tay:rSm Muifemoem;rI r&Sdbl;? 'Dvdkqdk&if oludk uRrf;usifw,f ac:rvm;? ruRrf;usifbl;ac:rvm;¿ ruRrf;usifbl;vdkY ac:&r,f/ cE¨mig;yg;ukd jzpfatmif a&;cs,fwJhae&mrSm olu uRrf;usifrI r&Sdbl;/ uRrf;usifrIr&SdwJh twGufaMumifh ol[m i&Ja&mufr,f/ tu,fí i&Jukd ra&mufbl;xm;? 'DuHu tusKd;ay;vkdY vlUb0 vlUavmu a&mufvmNyD qkd&if bmjzpfovJ¿ toufwkdw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd wnfaxmifzefqif;cJhpOftcgu rdrdu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrm ESifh wnfaxmifzefwD;cJhwm r[kwfbl;aemf? ruRrf;rusifbJESifh rvdrf rrmESifh 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd jzpfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;cJhw,f? olY toufudk owfcJhw,f? aoG;pGef;aomvuf &SdcJhw,f? owå0gwdkYtay:rSm Muifemoem;rIawG uif;cJhw,f? &ufpufMurf;MuKwfcJhw,f? b0ZmwfcHk ac:qdkwJh ydwfum;csyfay:rSm ruRrf;rusifbJ yef;csDum;csyfwpfckudk a&;qGJrdwmyJ/ olwpfyg;udk owfjzwfvsuf toufwdkatmif vkyfcJhrdwJh 'DtukodkvfuHawGaMumifh rdrdtouf vmwkd&jyefw,f/ toufwdkwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS rdrdu touf&Snfcsifygw,fqdkNyD; xdkifidkaeaomf vnf; &ygOD;rvm;¿ r&Edkifawmhbl;/ aemufyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;usawmh olu enf;enf; uRrf;usifvmNyD? uRrf; usifwJhtwGuf bmjzpfovJ¿ touf&Snf&jcif;\ taMumif;&if; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd? (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwH = olUtoufowfjcif;ukd/ y[m, = y,fpGefYxm;í/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS/ y#d0d&awm = a&SmifMuOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom wkwf&Sdonf/ ed[dwoaw¬m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom "m;vufeuf&Sdonf/ vZÆD = raumif;rI tukokdvf 'kp½kdufw&m;wkdYü &Sufjcif;&Sdonf/ ',myaEém = owå0gwkdY tay:ü Muifemoem;wwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD = owå0gtm;vHk;wkdY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfoem; apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh ,SOfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf jzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ 'umawmf okbvkvif ...þavmurSm tcsKdUaom trsKd;orD;ç tcsKdUaom trsKd;om;[m olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfudk y,f pGefYxm;w,f? olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfrS tjrJwrf; a&Smif MuOfw,f/ owå0gawGudk n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufzdkYqdkwJh OD;wnfcsufjzifh wkwf udk b,fawmhrS rudkifbl;? "m;udk b,fawmhrS rudkifbl;? wkwfudk tjrJ wrf; csxm;w,f? "m;udk tjrJwrf; csxm;w,f? raumif;rI tukodkvf w&m; 'kp½kdufw&m;awGudk vGefusL;&rSm odyf&Sufwwfw,f/ olUtouf owf&rSm &Sufw,f? olUypönf; rw&m;,l&rSm &Sufw,f? olUom;r,m;udk zsufqD;&rSm &Sufw,f? rkom;pum; ajymMum;&rSm &Sufw,f? ao&nf ao&uf rl;,pfaq;0g;awGudk rSD0Jpm;aomuf&rSm &Sufw,f/ raumif; bl;vm; ---- odyfaumif;w,f odyfaumif;w,f/ bkef;BuD;wdkYuawmh 'Dpdwf xm;rsKd;uav;awGudk odyfNyD;awmh ESpfNcdKufw,f/ b0wpfckudk jrifho xufjrifhatmif jr§ifhwifay;aewJh pdwfxm;uav;awGyJ/ 'Dpdwfxm;u av;awGu omoemawmfrSm bk&m;&Sifu wynfhom0uawG edAÁmefwdkif awmufavQmufaumif;atmif csrSwfay;xm;wJh tajccHtkwfjrpfuav; awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl;? owå0gawG tay:rSm Muifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sdw,f/ --- owå0gtcsif;csif; wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; -- ]]uRef;udkif;rSD-udkif;uRef;rSD}} qdkovdk rSDwif;aexdkifMu&wJh 'D avmuxJrSm wpfOD;udk wpfOD;u Muifemoem;wwfw,fqdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm; uav;awG[m vlom;tcsif;csif; at;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJ aexdkifvdkMu w,fqdk&if r&SdrjzpfwJh pdwfxm;uav;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DMuifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; r&SdbJ &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm;om&Sdr,f qdk&if owå0gtcsif;csif; at;csrf;om,mpGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifzdkYqdkwm tvGef tvSrf;uGma0;aerSmyJ jzpfw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl; --- oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD -- owå0gtm;vHk;wdkY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh,SOfaom pdwfxm;&SdNyD;awmh 'DavmuBuD;rSm aexdkifw,f --- odyfaumif;w,f odyfaumif;w,f/ wpfOD;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk wpfOD;u tjrJvdkvm;aer,fqdk&if wpfOD;udk wpfOD;u tjrJwrf; Muifemoem; apmifha&Smufaer,fqdk&if -- 'Dpdwf"mwfrsKd;&Sdol tcsif;csif;om tjrJwrf; ,SOfwGJNyD; aexdkif&r,fqdk&if avmuBuD;rSm aexdkif&wm tjrJwrf; at;csrf;NyD;aevdrfhr,f/ 'Dvdk rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awGaMumifh rdrd olwpfyg; ESpfOD; om;vHk;wdkY&JU oEÅmefrSm pdwfat;csrf;omrIawG jzpfay:vmEdkifw,f/ 'Dvdk rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awG jcH&HNyD;wmh uHwpfckudk jyKpkysKd;axmifcJh &ifvnf; 'DuHudk jcH&Hxm;wJh at;csrf;om,maewJh "mwfaiGUawGu tm;BuD;aomrSD&m Oyedó,ypö,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKay;vdkufwJhtwGuf 'DuHrSm pdwfat;csrf;omwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG udef;0yfNyD; wnfaeEdkifw,f/ touf&SnfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG udef;0yf NyD;wnfaeEdkifw,f/ txufuajymcJhwJh olUtoufudk owfavh&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU aexdkifyHk pepfESifh rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;&SdwJh 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JUaexdkifyHkpepfudk EIdif;,SOf Munfhyg --- avmurSm aexkdifrIpepfuav;awG wlovm;¿ rwlbl;/ aexkdif yHkpepf rwlwJhtwGufaMumifh tusKd;ay;csif;aum wlnDyghrvm;¿ rwl nDbl;/ 'gudkowdxm;Mu/ tcktcsdeftcgrSm bmudkvkyfaewmvJ¿ yef;csD um;csyfawGudk a&;qJGaewmyJ/ tJ'Dyef;csDum;csyfudk a&;qJGaewJh tcsdef tcguav;rSm rdrdwkdYu uRrf;usifvdrfrmrI&SdzdkY odyfNyD;awmh vkdtyfae w,f/ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þodkY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jznfhusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þodkY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdygPmwdygwuHrS a&SmifMuOfaMumif;jzpfwJh ukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf &mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyf a&muf&ay\/ uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrmESifh yef;csDum;wpfcsyfukd a&;qJG vkdufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh 'Dyk*¾dKvfu b,fa&mufoGm;ovJ¿ ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY a&mufNyD;awmh ewfom; okdYr[kwf ewforD; oGm;jzpf &w,f/ pOf;pm;Munfhprf;? i&Ja&muf&wmESifh ewfjynfa&muf&wm b,f 'if;u aumif;ovJ¿ i&JrSm 'ku©vnf; cH&w,fç tusnf;wef t½kyf qkd;rIvnf; &Sdw,f? ewfjynfewfavmuusawmh csrf;omokcukdvnf; tjynfht0 uHtm;avsmfpGm cHpm;EkdifcGifh&Sdw,f? vlwkdY&JU½kyf&nf okdYr[kwf i&Jom;awG&JU ½kyf&nfESifh ewfjynfewfavmu ewfom;wkdY ewforD;wkdY&JU ½kyf&nfudk wkdif;wmEIdif;pmMunfhvkdufawmh b,fvkdaeovJ¿ tm;vHk; Mum;zl;MurSmyg? vlUjynfvlUavmurSm 'kwd,wef;pm; tacsmqHk; tvS qHk; owfrSwfxm;tyfwJh Zey'uvsmPDonfyif ewforD;awGESifh wkdif; wm EIdif;pmMunfhvkdufawmh bmjzpfaeovJ¿ ---- ta&cGHqkwfxm;wJh arsmuftkdrBuD;ESifh wlaew,fwJh? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ 'g[m bmaMumifh 'DvkdtifrwefacsmarmvSyaewJh ½kyfyHkav;awG ay:vm&ovJ¿ yef;csDum;csyfukd a&;qJGpOftcsdeftcgwkef;u uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrf rmrmav;ESifh a&;qJGcJhw,f/ 'Dawmh uav;awG b,fvkdwkef;? tusnf; wef t½kyfqkd;wmESifh tusnf;rwef t½kyfrqkd;wm b,f'if; aumif; ovJ¿ tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;wmu aumif;ovm;? BudKufwma&G;cs,f cGifh &Sdw,faemf/ 'Dawmh owå0gawGtay:rSm Muifemoem;wwfwJh pdwfxm;u odyfrGefjrwfw,f/ owå0gawG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tjrJwrf; vkdvm;awmifh waewJh 'Dpdwfxm;[m raumif;bl;vm;¿ aumif;ygw,f/ csrf;omMuygap? aumif;&mok*wd a&mufMuygap? edAÁmefa&muf&Sd Muygap? 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;[m raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;wJhpdwfxm;/ cPacwå wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; qHkMuw,f MuHKMuw,f awGUqHkMuw,f? awGUwJh MuHKwJh qHkwJh owå0gtcsif;csif; csrf;omapvdkwJhpdwfxm; tjrJ &SdMur,fqdk&if tEÅ&m,fqkdwm ay:Ekdifrvm;¿ ray:Ekdifawmhbl;? odyf aumif;w,f? odyfaumif;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DvkdjynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhxm; tyfwJhuHaMumifh ukd,fcE¨mysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumvü b,fa&muf rvJ¿ ewfjynfavmu a&mufEkdifw,f/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? 'DCm,kaum a[mwd/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblwm[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd/ (r-3-244/) um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð o*¾H avmuH = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh ewfjynf ewf avmuokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&mufcJh&onf jzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí qkdufa&mufcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif bHkb0ü tMuiftMuif vlavmuü tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypämZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd;tEG,fü xkdxkdvlUb0ü/ 'DCm,kaum = &Snfaom touf&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf&ay\/ ygPmwdygwuHu a&SmifMuOfcJhw,f? owå0gawGtay:ü Muifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; &Sdw,f? tJ'DuHuaeNyD;awmh touf&Snfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;NyD;awmh ay;vkdufw,f? 'Dawmh owå0gwpfa,muf touf&SnfrIESifh toufwkdrIonf bmtay:rSm rlwnfaeovJ¿ -- uHtay:rSm rlwnfaew,f/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ ,'d'H ygPmwdygwH = tMuif ygPmwdygwtrIukd/ y[m, = y,fpGefYí/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS/ a,m y#d0d&awm = tMuifa&SmifMuOfjcif; onf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = cstyfxm;aom wkwf&Sdonf/ ed[dwoaw¬m = cstyfxm;aom "m;vufeuf&Sdonf/ vZÆD = raumif; rI tukokdvf 'kp½kdufw&m;wkdYtay:ü &Sufjcif;&Sdonf/ ',myaEém = Muifemoem;aom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ oAÁygPblwm[dwmEkurÜD = owå0gtm;vHk;wkdY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh ,SOfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonfjzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ {om y#dy'g = þusifh0wf onfum;/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåedum = &Snfaom toufukd jzpfapwwf ygay\/ touf&SnfrIukd jzpfapwwfwmu olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfrIoabmom jzpfw,f/ tJ'Dawmh rdrdwkdYu touf&Snfcsif w,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if olUtoufukdowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&rvm; ra&Smif MuOf&bl;vm;¿ a&SmifMuOf&r,f/ uH (4) rsKd; tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm uHESifhywfoufNyD;awmh t|uxmq&mawmf u enf;enf;av; A[kokwtjzpf &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ 'Dtykdif;rSm uH av;rsKd;&Sdw,f/ OyyDVuuHç Oyapä'uuHç ZeuuHç Oyw¬rÇuuHqkdNyD; av;rsKd;&Sdw,f? OyyDVuuHqkdwmu uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJhuHyJ? Oyrm - ukokdvfuHwpfcku ckvkdvlUb0ukd y#doaE¨tusKd;ay;NyD;vl jzpfvmNyD qkdMupkdY? ukokdvfuHwpfckaMumifh tJ'DtusKd;ay;aewJh uHukd tm;enf;oGm;atmif uyfNyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh uHukd OyyDVuuHvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'DtusKd;ay;aewJh ukokdvfuHukd t&Sdeft0g usoGm;atmif vHk;vHk;jzwfawmufypfvkdufwJh uHukdawmh Oyapä'uuHvdkY ac:ygw,f? b0wpfckukd (y#doaE¨tusKd;ukd)jzpfay:apwwfwJh wkduf ½kdufjzpfapwwfwJh uHukdawmh ZeuuHvdkY ac:w,f/ tJ'D ZeuuHukd tm;aumif;atmif tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh uHukdawmh Oyw¬rÇuuHvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm owå0gawG toufwkdatmif 'DuHu b,fyHkb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh jyKjyifzefwD;ay;ovJ qkdwmESifh ywfoufvkdY t|uxmu 'Dvdk &Sif;vif;zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ OyyDVuuH = uyfí EdSyfpufwwfaomuH Av0uar®e [d edAÁwåH y0awå OyyDVuH tm*EÉm tw¬awm {0H 0'wd emr/ (r-|-4-177-178/) tm;aumif;wJh ukokdvfuHwpfcku tusKd;ay;cGifhomvkdY vlUb0 vlUavmurSm y#doaE¨taetm;jzifh vma&mufNyD;jzpf&NyD? y#doaE¨ wnfaevkdY vlom;jzpfvm&wJh 'Dowå0gukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfh OyyDVu uHu rajymaomfvnf; ajymovdkayghaemf? teuft"dyÜg,ftm;jzifh vm ajymaeNyD/ b,fvdkvJ¿ opm[H yXrw&H Zmae,sH? e aw £" edAÁwådwkH 'a',sH? (r-|-4-178/) igom tu,fí odcJhr,fqdk&if eifhudk igb,fawmhrS 'DvlUavmu rSm jzpfcGifhudk ray;bl;wJh? rajymaomfvnf; 'DuHu ajymovdkyJ vlU avmurSm jzpfcGifhray;bl;wJh/ b,frSmom jzpfcGifhay;rvJ¿ -- pwloka,0 wH tyga,ok edAÁwåmay,sH/ (r-|-4-178/) 'DuHawGu ]]tyg,fav;bkHrSm eifhudk ig jzpfatmifvkyfr,f/}} tJ'Dvdk vmNyD; rajymaomfvnf; ajymovdk jzpfaew,f/ a[mwkç wGH ,w¬ uw¬pd edAÁwå (edAÁawåm)? t[H OyyDVuur®H emr wH yDaVwGm eda&mZH ed,loH uo#H u&dómrd/ (r-|-4-178/) eif vlUavmu jzpfcsifvnf; jzpfygapawmh? xm;vkdufawmh/ 'g ayrJh eif b,fae&mrSmyJjzpfjzpf eifhukd tm;enf;oGm;atmif igu uyf NyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufr,f/ tESpfr&Sdatmif igjyKvkyfr,fvkdYk rajym aomfvnf; ajymovkdyJ jzpfaew,f/ wawm y|m, wH wm'doH ua&mwd/ (r-|-4-178/) tJ'D OyyDVuuHu tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef uyfNyD;n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfh uHu tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcgtcGifhoifhwJh tcsdeftcguae pNyD;awmh n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufawmhr,f/ b,fvkd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufovJ¿ y&dó,H Oyaewd? abma* 0demaowd/ (r-|-4-178/) y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,f 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;ukd/ Oyaewd = uyfí aqmifay;\/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkYukd/ 0demaowd = zsufqD;ypf vkduf\/ 'D OyyDVuuHu 'Dvlom;wpfOD;ukd tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd; usa&muf vmatmif olu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;aew,f? pnf;pdrf OpömawG ysufpD;atmifvnf; 'DOyyDVuuHu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;aew,f?/uJ Munfhprf;? pOf;pm;Munfhprf; 'umBuD;awG 'umrBuD;awG? aMumufzkdY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f -- olu 'DuHuaeNyD; wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;vkdufNyDqkd&if 'Dae&m acsmarmygw,f qkdumrS tJ'Dacsmarm wJhvrf; rdrdoGm;&if tEÅ&m,fvmawGUw,f/ 'Dwpfacgufawmh vGwf avmufw,f xifNyD; oGm;vkdufwmaygh? bmjzpfoGm;ovJ¿ rvGwf jzpf oGm;w,f? bmawG rvGwfwmvJ¿ odrSmyg [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ bkef;BuD; 'Davmufajym&if y&dowfu ykdem;vnfr,fxifw,f? 'Dwpfcg vGwfNyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if igawmfNyD? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ tvSLawmh tBuD; tus,f vkyfvkdufr,fqkdNyD; tm;&yg;&ESifh cJNyD; oGm;vkdufwm rvGwf jzpfaew,f/ b,foluae rvGwfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;ovJ¿ 'DOyyDVuuH = uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfhuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;ay; w,f? tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;ukd uyfNyD;awmh vmNyD;awmh aqmifay;w,f? b,fvkdaqmifay;w,fqkdwmukd t|uxmu enf;enf;av; xyf&Sif;jy xm;jyefw,f/ ww¬ 'g&uó rmwkukpäd,H edAÁwåumvawm y|m, rmwk tóma'g 0g okcH 0g e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) ww¬ = xkdvlUjynfvlUavmuü/ 'g&uó = xkdygPmwdygwuH xlajymaewJh uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpdä,H = trd0rf;wGif;ü/ edAÁwåumvawm = y#doaE¨wnfae&m tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ rmwk = rdciftzkdY/ tóma'g 0g = om,mrIonfvnf;/ e a[mwd = rjzpfay/ okcH 0g = csrf;omokconfrlvnf;/ e a[mwd = rjzpfay/ twdwfb0u aoG;pGef;aomvuf &SdcJhzl;wJh olUtoufudk owf avh&SdcJhzl;wJh owå0gwdkYtay:ü &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJhpdwfxm; &SdcJhzl;wJh 'Duav;oli,f[m rdcifwpfOD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm vmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨ wnfaeNyD? tJ'Dvkd y#doaE¨wnfaeNyDqkd&if 'Duav;y#doaE¨wnfae wJh tcsdeftcgumvupNyD;awmh rdcifvkyfwJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm om,m zG,fbmrS rawGUawmhbl;? csrf;omokcqkdwmvnf; olUrSm r&Sdawmhbl;/ rmwmydwleH yDVm0 OyÜZÆwd/ (r-|-4-178/) rmwmydwleH = rdbESpfyg;wkdYtm;/ yDVm0 = n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcH&wJh 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;onfomvQif/ OyÜZÆwd = jzpfay:ívm\/ rdbawGrSm 'Duav; ukd,f0ef&Sdvmuwnf;u pNyD;awmh tifrwef n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJh 'PfcsufawGudk cPcP cHae&w,f/ {0H y&dó,H Oyaewd/ (r-|-4-178/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ y&dó,H = ab;Oy'ftEÅ&m,fukd/ Oyaewd = uyfí aqmifydkYay;\/ OyyDVuuH (uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfhuH)u vmNyD; aqmifykdYay; w,f/ ckeu ygPmwdygwuHyJ? owå0gawGtay:rSm &ufpufwwfwJh pdwfxm;yJ/ tJ'Dpdwfxm;awGuaeNyD;awmh tcgtcGifhoifhvmawmh ukd,f0ef&wJh rdb&SifawGukdyg uyfNyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufNyD;awmh raumif;usKd;awGudk ay;aew,f? 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;a&mufatmif ykdYaqmif ay;aew,f/ 'g&uó ye rmwkukpädrSd edAÁwåumvawm y|m, a*a[ abm*g O'uH ywGm avmPH 0d, &mZm'DeH 0aoe eóEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpädrSd = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/ edAÁwåumvawm = jzpfay:vm&m tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ a*a[ = tdrfü/ abm*g = &SdorQ pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYonf/ O'uH ywGm = a&okdY a&muf&Sdaom/ avmPH 0d, = qm;uJhokdY/ &mZm'DeH = rif; paom &efolig;wefwkdY\/ 0aoe = pGrf;tm;aMumifh/ eóEÅd = ysufpD;í oGm;Mu&ukef\/ a&ç rD;ç rif;ç ckd;olç rcspfrESpfoufol tarGcHqkd;qkdwJh 'D&efol ig;wefwkdYaMumifh pnf;pdrfOpömawG ysufpD;oGm;w,f? a&xJa&mufoGm;wJh qm;onf ajyaysmufoGm;ovkd 'Duav;oli,fudk ukd,f0efvG,fvm&wJh tcsdeftcgupNyD;awmh rdbwkdY\ oEÅmefrSm &SdaewJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG tukefvHk; aysmufaysmufukefw,f? aMumufzkdY odyfaumif;w,f/ uJ aemufwpfck ----- ukrÇa'g[ea"Eka,m cD&H e a'EÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;EkdY xGufaewJh EGm;rBuD;awGawmifrS EkdY&nf rqif;awmhbl;? a[m'Duav;&JU tukodkvfuHaMumifh ul;pufoGm;yHkMunfh/ ol&wm a*gPm p@m a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) tifrwef &J&ifhaewJh EGm;awG tifrwef ckdif;vkdY r&atmif Murf; wrf;ukefw,f/ 'DtukokdvfuHaMumifh ----- umPm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;awG rsufpdumPf;ukefw,f/ ckZÆm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;awG ajcusKd;ukefMuw,f/ a*gr@av a&ma*g ywwd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;jcHxJ Munfhvdkufr,f qkdvkdY&Sd&if EGm;awGrSm EGm;ESifhywfoufwJh a&m*gtrsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufvmw,f? ysufpD;zkdYjzpfvmw,f/ 'gom'a,m 0peH e ua&mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) tdrfrSm ckdif;apaewJh uRefawG[mvnf; 'DrdbawG&JU pum;ukd em; raxmifMuawmhbl;/ wpfOD;aMumifh tm;vHk;ul;pufoGm;yHkav;yJaemf/ aemufwpfck ----- 0gydwH oóH e Zm,wd? (r-|-4-178/) 'Duav;udk,f0ef&SdwJh tcsdeftcgu pNyD;awmh pkdufysKd;xm;wJh v,f ,mrSm&SdwJJh pyg;awG[mvnf; toD; roD;awmhbl;? a[m - jzpfukefNyD/ a*[*wH a*a[ç t&n*wH t&an eówd? (r-|-4-178??) tdrfxJa&mufaewJh ypönf;awGvnf; tdrfrSm ysufpD;oGm;w,f? awmxJ&SdwJh ypönf;awGvnf; awmxJrSmyJ tm;vHk;ysufpD;ukefMuw,f/ ykd;ukdufvkdY ykd;xkd;vkdY ponfjzifh taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh ysufpD;ukefMu w,f/ tEkykaAÁe Cmopäm'erwåH 'kv’bH a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) wjznf;jznf;ESifh aemufqHk; 'DrdbESpfyg;rSm 0rf;0½HkawmifrS renf; &SmazG pm;aomuf&wJhtqifhtxd a&muf&SdoGm;w,f/ *AÇy&d[ma&m e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) bkef;uHenf;yg;aewJh 'Duav;oli,faMumifh 'Dukd,f0efukd xdef; odrf; apmifha&Smufay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ a&S;wkef;uawmh bkef;uHBuD;rm;wJh yk*¾dKvfrsm; ukd,f0ef&NyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if 'Dukd,f0efukd xdef;odrf; apmifha&Smufay;rnfh ta>ct&Hqkdwm oD;oefY&Sdvmw,f? bkef;uH tm;avsmfpGm ay:vmcJhwmyJ/ ck'DrSmusawmh bkef;uHu enf;yg;aeawmh uHu n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufxm;wJhtwGuf 'Dukd,f0efukd ab;uae apmifh a&Smufay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ 0dZmwumav rmwk xnH qdZÆwd? (r-|-4-178/) 0dZmwumav = uav;oli,f arG;zGm;ívm&m xkdtcsdeftcg umvü/ rmwk xnH = rdcif\ EkdY&nfonf/ qdZÆwd = jywfawmufí oGm;ay\/ uav;oli,f arG;zGm;vmNyDqkd&if rdcif EkdYrxGufawmhbl;? EkdY&nfawG tm;vHk; jywfoGm;w,f/ a[m.. uHrsm; b,favmuf qef;Mu,fovJ Munfh/ 'g&aum y&d[m&H tvbaEÅm yDVdawm eda&maZm ed,laom uoa#m a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) uav;oli,fudk MunfhvkdufwJhtcgusawmh xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf ay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdbl;? EkdY&nfuvnf; jywfoGm;wJhtwGuf aemuf qHk;awmh bmjzpfvmovJ¿ ckacwfawmh bmvJ? 'efYovGefoD;qkdvm; bmvm; ajymMuw,f? OD;yÍöif;'efYovGefoD;qkdvm; - wcsKdUu ajymMu w,f? ydefuyfNyD;awmh ajcmufaew,f? tqDtom;r&SdwJh uav;oli,f jzpfoGm;&w,f/ £'H OyyDVuur®H emr/ (r-|-4-178/) 'g[m uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufaewJhuHyJ? wu,faoatmifawmh rvkyfao;bl;? aemufwpfck -- ajymif;jyefvSefMunfhvkduf/ Oyapä'uuH = uyfí jzwfwwfaomuH 'DCm,kuuar®e ye edAÁwåó Oyapä'uur®H tm*EÉm tm,kH qdE´wd/ touf&SnfzkdY&eftwGuf twdwfu uHuav;u ykdYay;vkdY vlU jynf vlUavmuawmh a&mufvmwm -- rSefw,f? 'gayrJhvkdY aemufxyf Oyapä'uuHwpfcku ay:vmjyefw,f? Oyapä'uuH qkdwmuvnf; wjcm;[mawmhr[kwfbl;? ckeuç twdwfu olwpfyg;&JUtoufawGukd owfjzwfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcJhwJh uHyJ? tJ'DuHu &ifhusufvmwJh tcsdef tcgrSm ckeu tusKd;ay;aewJh vlUavmuvljzpfatmif vlUcE¨mig;yg; &&Sdatmif tusKd;ay;aewJh 'DukodkvfuHukd oluuyfNyD;awmh jzwfawmuf aew,f? tJ'DukokdvfuHu touf&SnfapwwfwJhuHyJ? twdwfu vGef usL;cJhwJh 'DygPmwdygwuHu Oyapä'uuHyJ? tJ'DuHu toufwkdap wwfwJhuHyJ? touf&SnfapwwfwJhuH&JU pGrf;tm;ukd toufwkdapwwf wJh 'DuHu vmNyD;awmh jzwfawmufypfvkdufw,f/ ,xm [d yk&daom t|Kob*reH uwGm o&H cday,s? wranm "Ekawm 0drkwårwåH rk*¾a&e y[&dwGm waw¬0 ygaw,s? (r-|-4-178/) &SpfOobavmuf &SdwJh c&D;wpfck qkdMuygpkdY? tJoavmuf &Spf Oobavmufc&D;ukd oGm;EkdifwJh jrm;wpfpif;ukd uRrf;usifwJh av;orm; wpfOD;u ypfNyD;awmh vTwfvkdufw,f/ tJ'DypfvTwfvkdufwJhjrm;ukd aemuf xyf uRrf;usifwJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u jrm;wpfpif;ESifh xyfNyD;awmh atmuf ukd usoGm;atmif ypfvTwfvkdufovkdyJ? aemufxyf wpfcg 'Djrm;ukd aqmufykwfESifh ½kdufNyD;awmh atmufukdusoGm;atmif ½kdufcsvkdufovkdyJ yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf&JU toufukdvnf; ckeu wif;ykwfBuD;ESifh xkNyD;awmh wkdoGm;atmifjyKvkyfvkdufovkd 'DuHu csufcsif; jzwfawmufypfvkduf w,f? tJ'Dvkd jzwfawmufvkdufwJhtwGufaMumifh bmjzpfvmovJ¿ {0H 'DCm,kuuar®e edAÁwåó Oyapä'uur®H tm,kH qdE´wd/ (r-|-4-178/) touf&SnfapwwfwJh vlUb0a&mufaMumif;jzpfwJh uH&JUpGrf;tm; uav;ukd 'DygPmwdygwuHvkdYac:qkdtyfwJh twdwfuwnfaxmifcJhwJh Oyapä'uuHu vmNyD;awmh oufwrf;udk wkdatmifjzwfawmufay;vkduf w,f/ b,fvkd jzwfawmufay;ovJvkdYar;awmh ----- apm&meH t#0ð ya0aowd? (r-|-4-178/) ckd;om;"m;jyawGukd awmtkyfxJukd a&mufatmif ykdYoGif;ay;vkduf w,f? 'DuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;vkdufw,f/ olu awmvrf;c&D; wpfckukd jzwfNyD;oGm;awmhr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if oloGm;rnhfvrf;c&D;rSm ckd;om; "m;jyawGu apmifhqkdif;aeatmif ckd;om;"m;jyawG&JU pdwf"mwfukd 'DuH u vIHUaqmfay;vkdufw,fayghaemf? "m;jyawGu [kdu toifhapmifhaeNyD/ aemufwpfck ----- 0gVrapäm'uH Mowma&wd? (r-|-4-178/) 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwfxm;ukd 'DtcsdeftcgrSm Murf;wrf;wJh ig;vdyfruef; &SdaewJh 'Da&xJudk ra&mufa&mufatmifç 'Da&xJ rqif;qif;atmif 'D uHu ykdYaqmifay;w,f/ uHqef;Mu,fyHk tawGUtMuHKwpf&yf bkef;BuD; tpif&GmrSm aepOftcgwkef;u ukvm;qkdwJh uav; oli,fuav;wpfa,mufudk awGUcJhzl;w,f/ olUuHu b,fvkdtaMumif; wkdufqkdifcJhw,fqkdwmawmh rajymwwfbl;? tpif&JU wpfbufurf;rSm pkef;ruRef;qkdwJh uRef;wpfuRef;&Sdw,f? tJ'DuRef;ukd oGm;wJhtcg acsmif; uav;wpfckukd olu jzwfjzwfNyD;ul;oGm;NyD;awmh tJ'DuRef;rSm v,foGm; vkyf&w,f/ ol&JUtrsKd;orD;ukd olu tJ'Dv,fawmukd oGm;pOftcgrSmç tJ'Dacsmif;ukd jzwfjzwfNyD;ul;pOftcgrSm ]]ig vGefcJhwJh b0wkef;u a&epfNyD;aocJhwm 'Dae&muav;yJ}}qkdNyD; ol cPcP ajymjyw,f/ tJ'Dae&muav;ukd rMumcP jzwfNyD; ul;aeusyJ/ wpfaeYawmh olu tJ'Dae&muav;ukd jzwful;w,f? tJ'Dae&mrSm a&u 'l;avmufyJ &Sdygw,f? 'l;avmuf&SdwJh ae&muav;rSm jzwful;&if; ESifh ol a&epfNyD; aooGm;&&Smygw,f/ 'Dae&mukd rqif; qif;jzpfatmif uHu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;vkdufw,f/ 'l;avmufom &SdwJh a&[m aozkdYawmh raumif;bl;? 'gayrJh tJ'Dae&musawmh ol½kef;vkdY r&bl;/ bmjzpfvkdY ol ½kef;vkdY r&bl;vkdY odovJvkdY ar;awmhç olUaemufrSm olU&JU a,mufzac:rvm; 'umwpfa,mufygvmw,f? 'umwpfa,mufu aemufuae &yfMunfhaew,f? olu aU&Suae t&if ul;oGm;w,f? a& 'l;avmuf&SdwJh tJ'Dae&mudk a&mufwJhtcgusawmh ]]uRefawmf b,fvkd jzpfrSef; rodbl;}}qkdNyD; aemufukd vSnfhNyD; pum;ajymw,f? jyefqkwf vmcJhqkdawmh jyefqkwfvkdYvnf; r&awmhbl;? uRefawmf vIyfvkdY r&bl;vkdY olu vSrf;ajymvkdufw,f? ajymNyD; vJoGm;w,f? vJoGm;NyD; olUukd vkduf&Smw,f? ESpf&ufMumrS oGm;awGUw,f/ 'gyJ -- 'DuyfNyD; n§Of;yef; ESdyfpuf jzwfawmufrnfh uHwpfcku 'Da&xJ rqif; qif;atmif ykdYaqmifay;aew,f/ tnw&H 0g ye oy&dó,|meH Oyaewd? (r-|-4-178/) ab;tEÅ&m,f&SdwJhae&mwpfckckukd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f/tJ'DvkduHrsKd;ukd Oyapä'uuHvkdY ac:ygw,f? 'DOyapä'uuHukdyJ OyCmwuuHvkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufatmif 'DygPmwdygwuHu vkdufNyD;awmh ykYdaqmifay;ae w,f/ ZeuuHESifh Oyw¬rÇuuH aemufwpfck ZeuuHqkdwmuawmh y#doaE¨ukd wkduf½kdufjzpf apwJhuHrsKd;ukd ZeuuHvkdY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'D ZeuuHukd aemuf xyf tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh uHwpfck &Sdw,f? tJ'guawmh Oyw¬rÇu uHvkdY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'DOyw¬rÇuuHu b,fvkdtm;ay;axmufyHhovJ vkdY ar;awmh ----- tyÜabm*ukvm'Dok edAÁwåó abm*orÜ'g'du&aPe Oyw¬rÇuur®H Oyw¬rÇuur®H emr/ (r-|-4-178/) tm;ay;axmufyHhw,fqkdwmu ckvlUavmu vlUb0 a&mufvm wmu ukodkvfuHaMumifha&mufvmawmh 'DukokdvfuHukd ZeuuH = y#doaE¨pwJh 0dygufawGudk wdkuf½kdufjzpfapwwfwJh uHvdkY ac:w,f/ 'D ZeuuHudk tm;aumif;atmif tJ'D Oyw¬rÇuuHu axmufyHhay;w,f? tJ'DvkdaxmufyHhay;wJhtcgrSm b,fuHu axmufyHhay;ovJvkdYar;awmh twdwfu ukokdvfuHukd ukokdvfuH tcsif;csif;u jyefNyD;axmufyHhay; vkdufw,f? taxmuftyHhcH&wJhuHu ZeuuHç tm;ay;axmufyHhwJhuHu Oyw¬rÇuuHyJ/ tJ'Dvkd axmufyHhay;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm taMumif; rvSvkdY pnf;pdrfOpöm rJGawaewJh rdbESpfyg;xHrSm oGm;NyD; y#doaE¨ae& w,fyJxm;awmhç twdwfu olUtoufukdowfjcif; tp&SdwJh ygPmwdygwuHawGudk a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;ç owå0gawG&JU csrf;omtusKd; pD;yGm;ukd tjrJwrf;apmifha&SmufcJhwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;ç owå0gawG&JU tusKd; pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh pdwfxm;&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD; - tJ'Dyk*¾dKvf wpfOD;onf tJ'Dpdwfxm;ç tJ'DuHuav;u vlUb0rSm vlcE¨mukd,fjzpfap wJhuHukd tm;aumif;oGm;atmif olu axmufyHhay;vkdufw,f? pnf;pdrf Opöm qif;&JEGrf;yg;aewJh rdbxHrSm oGm;NyD; y#doaE¨aecsif ae&ygap? pnf;pdrfOpömawGESifh jynfhpHkvmwJh csrf;om<u,f0wJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;jzpfatmif 'Dtm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇuuHu vSrf;NyD;awmh axmufyHhaew,f? olUtoufukd rowfbJESifh a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhpdwfxm;ç olwpfyg;awG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwcJhwJh pdwfxm;ç olwpfyg;awGtay:rSm Muifemoem;wJhpdwfxm; - tJ'Dpdwfxm;awGu pnf;pdrfOpömawG csrf;om <u,f0vmatmif 0kdif;NyD;awmh axmufyhHay;w,f/ 'Dvkdqkd&if ykdufqH b,fESpfjym;ukefovJ¿ pOf;pm;Munfhprf;? pdwf"mwfudk jyKjyifajymif;vJ ay;zkdY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ olUtoufudk rowfbJESifh a&SmifMunfcJhwJh pdwfxm;u rdrd&JU toufudk &Snfatmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ olwpfyg;&JUtusKd;pD;yGm;udk vdkvm;awmifhwcJhwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrd&JUtusKd;pD;yGm;udk vdk;vm;awmifhwwJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk 0dkif;0dkif;vnfae atmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? pnf;pdrfOpömawGESifh jynfhpHk<u,f0 wJh vlcsrf;omBuD;wpfOD; jzpfatmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ olwpfyg;wdkYudk csrf;omapvdkwJh BuD;yGm; apvdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrdcsrf;omzdkY BuD;yGm;zdkY taMumif;wpfck jzpfae w,f/ olwpfyg;awGudk Muifemoem;wJhpdwfxm; tusKd;pD;yGm;udk rysuf pD;atmif tpOfoem;apmifha&SmufvdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrdudk Muifem oem;rnfholawG aygrsm;vmatmif rdrdtusKd;pD;yGm;awGudk rysufpD; atmif tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufay;rnfh olawmfaumif;awG aygrsm; vmatmif wnfaxmifzefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ 'Dvdkqdk&if --- ckvdk rGefjrwfwJhpdwfxm;awGESifh olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJh pdwfxm; - 'DESpfrsKd; b,fpdwfxm;u ydkaumif;ovJ¿ u½kPmESifh ,SOfaewJh pdwf"mwfu ykdNyD;awmhaumif;w,f? olwpfyg; awG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;awGukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh pdwfxm;awGu ykd aumif;w,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'DuHav;rsKd;&SdwJhteufu ----- ukodkvf ESifh tukodkvf £arok pwlok yk&drmed a'G tukovmae0? (r-|-4-178/) ckeu Oyapä'uuHESifh OyyDVuuH? 'DuHESpfcku tukodkvfuHawGyJ/ ZeuH ukovrÜd tukovrÜd? (r-|-4-178/) wkduf½kduf y#doaE¨ukd jzpfapwwfwJh ZeuuH qkdwmuawmh ukodkvfuHvnf;&Sdw,f? tukokdvfuHvnf;&Sdw,f/ vlom;awGtwGuf uawmh ukodkvfuHyJ? tyg,fom; owå0gawGtwGufuawmh tukokdvf uHyJ? ewfawGç jA[®mawG twGufvnf; ukokdvfuHygyJ/ Oyw¬rÇuH ukovar0/ (r-|-4-178/) tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇuHqkdwmuawmh ukokdvfuHom jzpfw,f/ ww¬ ygPmwdygwur®H Oyapä'uuar®e tyÜg,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-178/) ygPmwdygwuHu ckeu ukokdvfuHuaeNyD;awmh tusKd;ay;ae cJh&if 'DukodkvfuHukd olu jzwfawmufwJh taeeJY toufwkdapwwf w,f/ ygPmwdygwdem 0g uwH ukovur®H OVm&H e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178-179/) aemufwpfck xyfzGifhw,f/ -- ygPmwdygwdem = olUtoufukd owfavh&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ uwH = jyKtyfwJh/ ukovH ur®H = ukokdvfuHonfum;/ OVm&H = BuD;us,f zGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfwJhtusKd;&Sdonf/ e a[mwd = rjzpf/ 'gejyKwmcsif; wlw,fxm;? ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJh yk*¾dKvf&JU'geESifh ygPmwdygwuHukd rvGefusL;wJh yk*¾dKvf&JU'ge - 'DESpfck wkdif;wmEIdif;pmMunfhvkduf&if ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJhyk*¾dKvf&JU 'geonf tqifhrjrifhbl;? ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJhyk*¾dKvf&JU'ge onf BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfwJhtusKd;ukd ray;Ekdifbl;wJh -- aemf? [kd 'gElyywådokwåefrSm bk&m;a[mxm;ygw,f/ oDv&SdrSom awmif;wJhqkjynfhEdkifw,f owå0gwpfOD;u tifrwefcsrf;om<u,f0aewJh rif;olaX;ol<u,f awG ykPÖm;olaX;ol<u,fawG *[ywdolaX;ol<u,fawGukd jrifawGU &wJhtcg igvnf; 'Dvkdjzpf&&if aumif;rSmyJqkdwJh pdwfxm;uav; ay: vmw,f? jzpfap&r,fqkdwJh pdwf"mwfukd aqmufwnfw,f? aumif;rI ukokdvfukd jyKw,f? tJ'Dvkd jyKvkdufwJh tcsdefrSm 'Daqmufwnfxm;wJh pdwfxm;ç jzpfcsifwJhpdwfxm;ç jzpfvkdwJhqkawmif; awmifhwcsufaMumifh 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf olarQmfvifhawmifhwaewJh rif;olaX;ol<u,f ykPÖm;olaX; ol<u,f *[ywdolaX;ol<u,fwkdY&JU taygif;tazmftjzpfokdY wpfaeY awmh a&mufoGm;w,f/ 'gayrJh b,fvkdyk*¾dKvfom a&mufEkdifovJ¿ wÍö acg oDv0awm 0'grd? aem 'kóDvó/ £ZÑwd bdu©a0 oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/ (tH-3-71/) wÍö acg = xkduJhokdY a&muf&jcif;onfvnf;yJ/ oDv0awm = oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvftm;/ t[H = igbk&m;onf/ 0'grd = a[mawmfrl\/ 'kóDvó = oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvftm;/ t[H = igbk&m;onf/ aem 0'grd = a[mawmfrrl/ 'Dvkduyfa&muf&wJh csrf;om<u,f0&wJh 'Dvkdb0wpfckukd uyf a&mufcJh&w,fqkdwm oDv&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfukdomvQif igbk&m; a[mygw,f? oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfukd igbk&m;ra[mbl;? bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ 0dok'¨wåm = oDvpifMu,f aeonfhtwGufaMumifh/ oDv0awm = oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf\/ apawmyPd"d = pdwf\awmifhwcsuf[lorQonf/ £ZÑwd = rcRwf{uef NyD;pD;jynfhpHkwwfay\/ oDvawG pifMu,faewJhtwGufaMumifh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwf&JU awmifhwcsuf rSeforQonf rcRwf{uef NyD;pD;jynfhpHkwwfw,f/ tvm; wlyJ - pwkr[m&mZf wm0wðom ,mrm wkodwm edr®me&wd y&edr®dw 0o0wDå ac:wJh ewfjynfajcmufxyf a&mufvkdcJhw,fqkd&ifç jA[®mhjynf a&mufvkdcJhw,fqkd&ifvnf; oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU oDvwnf;[laom ajr ay:rSm &yfwnfNyD; jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh uHawGuomvQif a&mufap EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJhtaMumif; qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/ 'Dawmh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU ukokdvfuHESifh oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf&JU ukokdvfuHonf wlnDwJhtusKd;&Sdrvm;¿ r&Sdbl;? 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(r-|-4-179/) 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð = touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨ukd/ ZaewHk = jzpf aptHhaomiSm/ e oauúmwd = rpGrf;Ekdif/ ygPmwdygwtrIudk vGefusL;aewJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu wnfaxmifzefqif;vkdufwJh ukodkvfuHonf touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨ukd jzpf apEkdifwJh pGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/ olUtoufukd owfaewJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm olwpfyg;&JU toufukd wdkoGm;apvdkwJh pdwfxm;u &SdaeNyD; jzpfw,f/ 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;u rdrd toufwkdzdkY&ef taMumif;wpfck jzpfaew,f/ 'DvkdqkdvkdY&Sd&if touf&Snfcsif&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ ygPmwdygw uHawGudk a&SmifMuOfzkdY vkdw,f? olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufvkdwJh pdwfxm;uav;awGudk jyKjyifajymif;vJypfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ touf&Snfwkdif; aumif;w,fvkdY bkef;BuD; rajymvkdygbl;? okdYaomf rdrdu b0ukdvnf; qHk;atmif rvkyfEkdifao;vkdY oHo&m c&D;wpfckukd qufp&m &Sdaeao;w,fqkd&ifawmh toufwkdwmESifh touf&Snfwm b,f'if; u aumif;rvJ¿ touf&Snfwmu aumif;w,f/ usef;rmwmESifh rusef;rmwm b,f'if;u aumif;rvJ¿ usef;rmwmu aumif;w,f/ 'gukd ajymvkd&if;yg? b0wpfck[m odyfaumif;w,fvkdY csD;rGrf;aewm rsKd;awmh r[kwfygbl;/ {0H ygPmwdygawm tyÜg,kuoH0wåedaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ ygPmwdygawm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;[k ac:qkdtyfwJh ygPmwdygwuHonf/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedaum = touf wkdjcif;ukd jzpfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ olUtoufukdowfwJh ygPmwdygwuHu toufwkdapw,f qkdwm 'DvkdyHk 'Denf;vrf;tm;jzifh toufwkdapwmyg/ bmawGvJ¿ --- ab; tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? pnf;pdrf OpömawG ysufpD;atmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? tEÅ&m,f&SdaewJh ae&mawG ukd a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;w,f? aornfhae&mawGukd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? 'Dvkd qkdvkdwm/ b,fae&moGm;oGm; tEÅ&m,fESifh awGUw,f? tEÅ&m,fawGUatmif 'DuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;NyD;awmh ay;w,f/ y#doE¨dar0 0g ed,marwGm tyÜg,kuH ua&mwd? (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf;ajym&ifawmh -- y#doE¨dar0 0g = y#doaE¨ukdyifvQifaomfvnf;yJ/ ed,marwGm = owfrSwfí/ tyÜg,kuH = toufwkdatmif/ ua&mwd = jyKvkyf ay;wwf\/ y#doaE¨ tcsdeftcg umvwnf;uaeNyD;awmh toufwkdatmif udk wnfaxmifzefwD;ay;vkdufw,f? wcsKdUqkd Munfhaygh - arG;uwnf;u roefrpGrf;uav;awGjzpfrvmbl;vm;¿ jzpfvmw,f? arG;uwnf;uae NyD;awmh tema&m*guav;awG xlajymvmw,f? toufwkdapwwfwJh uHuaeNyD;awmh toufwkdatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;vkdufw,f? toufwkdatmif y#doaE¨rsKd;aph csay;vkdufw,f? wpfenf;tm;jzifh ajym&&ifawmh tifrwef tema&m*gxlajymaewJh rdbawGxHrSm oGm;NyD; awmh y#doaE¨ae&w,f? rdbawG&JUa&m*g 'Dom;orD;awGrSm ul;pufNyD; rvmbl;vm;¿ ul;pufvmw,f? 'DyHkpHrsKd;jzpfw,f/ 'g - uHuaeNyD;awmh ykdYaqmifay;vkdufwm/ oEéd|meapwem, 0g ed&a, edAÁwåwd? ykAÁmy&apwem[d 0kwåea,e tyÜg,kaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf; ajymr,fqdk&ifawmh olUtoufukdowfwJhtcsdef tcgrSm wu,fwrf; owfjzwfwJYtcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:aewJh pdwfapwemukd oEéd|meapwemvkdY ac:ygw,f/ wu,fowfr,fvkdY qHk;jzwfcsuf csNyD; owfvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:vmwJh pdwfapwemawGyJ/ tJ'D pdwfapwemawGu i&JrSmjzpfapw,f? rowfrDaU&Sykdif; owfNyD;wJh aemufykdif;rSm xyfNyD;awmhvnf; 'DtukokdvfuHawGukd tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh raumif;wJh tukokdvfpdwfapwemawG rjzpfMubl;vm;¿ jzpfMuw,f/ tJ'DaU&Sykdif; aemufykdif;rSm jzpfay:aewJh tukodkvf pdwfapwemawG aMumifhvnf; toufwkd&w,fvkdY 'Dvkd rSwf&r,f/ uJ -- toufwkdwJh tykdif;NyD;awmh touf&SnfwJhtykdif;ukdvnf; bk&m;&Sifu qufvuf a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f? t|uxmuvnf; zGifhqdkxm;jyefw,f/ tJ'DrSm touf&SnfyHkESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh b,fvkd jzpfay:vmovJ¿ touf&SnfapwJh Oyw¬rÇuuH y&dwåuar®eyd edAÁwåH y0awå {wH ygPmwdygwm 0d&wdur®H tm*EÉm tw¬awm {0H 0'wd emr -- (r-|-4-179/) tm;aysmhaewJh uHwpfckaMumifh vlUb0rSmvmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨ aeNyDyJ xm;OD;awmh? tJ'Dvkd y#doaE¨ae&wJh tcsdeftcgrSm wpfcsdefwkef; u rdrduvlUavmu&SdpOftcgu olUtoufukdowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOf cJhw,f? a&SmifMuOfvkdufwJh 'DygPmwdygwuHuç a&SmifMuOfwJh ukodkvf apwemuav;u teuft"dyÜg,foabmtm;jzihf 'Dvkd vmajymjyae w,f? b,fvkdvJ¿ opm[H yXrw&H Zmae,sH? e aw £" edAÁwådwkH 'a',sH? a'0avmaua,0 wH edAÁwåmay,sH/ (r-|-4-179/) tu,fí igoma&S;OD;pGm odcGifh&cJhr,fqdk&if oifhukd ig 'DvlUjynf vlUavmurSm b,fawmhrS jzpfcGifhray;bl;? ewfjynf ewfavmurSmyJ oifhukd ig jzpfcGifhay;r,fvkdY rajymaomfvnf; ajymovkdjzpfaew,f/ a[mwkç wGH ,w¬ uw¬pd edAÁwå (edAÁawåm)? t[H Oyw¬rÇuur®H emr xrÇH aw u&dómrd/ (r-|-4-179/) uJjzpfapawmh? oif b,fae&mrSmyJjzpfjzpf jzpfcsifwJhae&mrSm jzpf ygap? ig[m oihfukd tm;aumif;vmatmif tm;ay;axmufyHhr,f qkdNyD;awmh wkdifBuD;wpfwkdifu rSD&mtjzpfESifh aus;Zl;jyKay;ovkd 'D ygPmwdygwvkyfief;&yfrS a&SmifMuOfrIqkdwJh ukodkvfapwemuvnf; touf &SnfoGm;atmif vmNyD;awmh tm;ay;axmufyHhw,f/ b,fvkd tm;ay; axmufyHhovJvkdYar;awmh ---- y&dó,H emaowd? abma* OyÜga'wd/ (r-|-4-179/) y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,fukd/ emaowd = zsufqD;ypf\/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkYukd/ OyÜga'wd = jzpfap\/ ab;tEÅ&m,fawGukd ysufpD;apw,f? pnf;pdrfOpömawGukd jzpfap w,f/ b,fvkdjzpfapovJ¿ ww¬ 'g&uó rmwkukpäd,H edAÁwåumvawm y|m, rmwmydwleH okcar0 omwar0 a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) ww¬ = xkdvlUjynfvlUavmuü/ 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpäd,H = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/ edAÁwåumvawm = jzpfwJh tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ rmwmydwleH = rdbESpfyg;wdkYtm;/ okcar0 = csrf;omokconfomvQif/ a[mwd = jzpfay:ívmay\/ omwar0 = om,mzG,ftm½kHtrsKd;rsKd;onfomvQif/ a[mwd = jzpfay:ívmay\/ 'Duav;oli,f rdcif0rf;wkdufrSm y#doaE¨wnfaecsdeftcgumv rS pí rdbESpfyg;rSm csrf;omokctrsKd;rsKd;om jzpfay:vmw,f? om,m zG,ftm½Hkç ESpfoufzG,fç jrwfEkd;zG,f tm½HktrsKd;rsKd;omvQif jzpfay: vmw,f/ a,yd yuwd,m rEkóm rEkóy&dó,m a[mEÅd? aw oaAÁ ty*päEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) yifukd,fyuwdtm;jzifh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufaewJh vlawG? bDvl;awG tp&SdwJh ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;awG&SdMuw,f? tJ'DtEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd; awGrSm tukefvHk; ab;&SJoGm;Muw,f/ tjrJwrf; 'ku©ay;aewJhvlawGu 'ku© ray;EkdifMuawmhbl;? 'Duav;bkef;uHaMumifh tjrJwrf;'ku©ay;aewJh ewfawGç bDvl;awG[mvnf; 'ku©ay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; r&SdMuawmhbl;/ 'Duav;&JU bkef;uHaMumifhyJ/ bmbkef;uHvJ¿ olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvfuH&JU bkef;uHyJ/ ukodkvfukdyJ bkef;uHvdkYac:wmyg? bkef;uHqkdwmu ykn? aumif;rIukodkvfyJ/ tJ'Daumif;rIukokdvf&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh 'DtEÅ&m,fawG tukefvHk; ab;&SJoGm;Muw,f/ {0H y&dó,H emaowd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;ukd/ emaowd = zsufqD;íay;\/ bkef;BuD;i,fpOf ausmif;om;b0wkef;u tawGUtMuHKuav;wpfck &SdcJhzl;w,f? bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;b0ESifh bkef;BuD;ausmif;rSm qGrf;tkyf xrf;&w,f/ wpfaeY v,fawmwpfckrSm qGrf;tkyfoGm;xrf;&w,f? tJ'D aeY v,fawmrSm wpftdrfwpfa,mufqkdNyD;awmh olBuD;u qifhac:vdkY vlawGxGufvmMuwmESifh qHkrdw,f/ a&S;acwfuayghav? olBuD; &Sdw,f/ olBuD;uae wpftdrfwpfa,muf "m;awG? wkwfawGESifh xGuf&r,fqkdNyD; tdrfawGqifhac:vkdufawmh vlawG wpftdrfwpfa,muf "m;awGç wkwf awGESifh xGufvmMuw,f/ 'geJY qGrf;csufwJh qGrf;trBuD;ukd ar;Munfh w,f? bmjzpfwmvnf;qkdawmh tJ[kdbufrSmwJh vlwpfa,mufukd owf oGm;vkdY? owfoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvfukd vkdufNyD;awmh &SmaeMuw,fvdkY 'DqGrf; trBuD;u ajymjyw,f/ xl;jcm;csufuav;wpfckudk ajymcsifw,f/ awm eif;&SmaeMuwJhtcgrSm wpftdrfwpfa,mufusESifh vlawG qifhNyD; awm eif;NyD;awmh vkduf&Smawmh --- awmvnf; odyfr&SdvSbl;? v,fuGif;yJ? tJ'Dv,fuGif;xJrSm 'Dvlukdvkduf&Smwm &SmvkdYrawGUMubl;? 'DowfwJh 'umBuD;uvnf; bkef;BuD;ESifh cifygw,f? aemufykdif; olESifhqHkawmh ar; Munfhw,f? bmvkyfaeovJqkdawmh olu tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm v,fawm rSm v,fawG&dyfaewJhtcsdefjzpfawmh aumuf½kd; ½kd;jywfawG&Sdw,f? ½kd;jywf uav;ukd txHk; (9)xHk; xHk;NyD;awmh ykwD;vkd olu uGif;av;vkyfvkdufNyD; awmh tJ'DtxHk; (9)xHk;ukd ykwD;vkyfNyD; *kPfawmf (9)yg;udk xkdifNyD;awmh pdyfaewmyJ? "m;awGç wkwfawGESifh olUem;rSm vlawGtukefvHk; jzwfoGm; aew,f? tJ'DvlawGu olUukd rjrifbl;? olu 'DvlawGukd tukefvHk; jrifaew,fvdkY olu ajymjyw,f/ tJ'g bmvJ¿ 'gyJ/ bkef;BuD; ajymcsifwmu 'Db0rSm ygPmwdygwuHudk vGefusL;wm rSefayrJhvkdY twdwfu olUrSm ygPmwdygwuHudk a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvf uHuav;u &Sdaew,f? 'DukodkvfuHuav;u olUukd tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh ab;tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;ukd ab;&SJoGm;atmif ykdYaqmifay;vkdufw,f? 'gaMumifh tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh owå0gawGu olUukd rjrifbl;? oluomvQif tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh owå0gawGukd jrifaew,f/ aemufwpfckuawmh bk&m;*kPfawmfudk yGm;aewJh ukodkvfuHyJ/ 'DukodkvfuHuvnf; twdwf u ygPmwdygwuHrS a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvfuHudk tusKd;ay;cGifh omatmif vrf;cif;ay;aew,f? taxmuftyHh ay;aew,f/ ypöKyÜef ukodkvfuHudk trSD&wJhtwGuf twdwfuHuvnf; tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef tcg tcGifh ydkNyD;omoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh twdwf ukodkvfuHawGu tusKd; ay;cGifhomatmif ypöKyÜefrSmvnf; ukodkvfuHawGudk rsm;rsm;xlaxmifzdkY vdkw,f/ aemufwpfck --- 'g&uó ye rmwkukpädrSd edAÁwåumvawm y|m, a*a[ abm*geH yrmPH e a[mwd? (r-|-4-179/) 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpädrSd = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/edAÁwåumvawm = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&m tcsdeftcgumv rS/ y|m, = pí/ a*a[ = tdrfü/ abm*geH = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkY\/ yrmPH = twkdif;twm yrmPonf/ e a[mwd = r&Sday/ uav;oli,f ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdefu pNyD;awmh rdb&JUtdrfrSm pnf;pdrfOpömawG&JU wkd;wufrI twkdif;twm yrmPonf r&Sdawmhbl;? odyfBuD;yGm;vmw,f? rdbawG vkyfcif;ukdifcif;awG odyfatmifjrifvm w,f/ ed"dukrÇda,m yk&awmyd ypäawmyd a*[H y0wårmem y0dóEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) jr§Kyfxm;wJh a&Ttkd;aiGtkd;awG[m aU&Saemuf0J,mt&yf tukefvHk;rS tdrfxJukd vSdrfhNyD;awmh 0ifvmovkd ay:vmMuw,f/ rmwmydwa&m ya&[d Xydw"eóyd or®Kcdbm0H *päEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) rdbESpfyg;wdkYu olwpfyg;awGxHrSm a&S;wkef;u tyfESHxm;cJhwJh ypönf;awG &SdMuw,f/ ckacwftajymESifh ajym&ifawmh twkd;csxm;wJh ypönf;yHkpHrsKd;aygh? tJ'D ypönf;awGukd r&bJ &Sdaewmuae ckbkef;uH&Sif uav;oli,fwpfOD; ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdeftcgumvu pNyD;awmh -'Dpnf;pdrfOpömawG[m 'DrdbawG&JUrsufarSmufukd tvG,fwul a&muf&Sd vmMuw,f? ray;bJ raeEkdifMuawmhbl;? ay;csifwJhpdwfxm;awG ay: vmw,f? ay;vnf; ay;qyfMuw,f/ aemufwpfck ---- a"Eka,m A[kcD&m a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) EGm;rawGMunfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if EdkYawGtrsm;BuD;xGufvmw,f/ a*gPm okcoDvm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) EGm;awGMunfhvkduf&if EGm;awG&JU ukd,fusifhw&m;u odyfaumif; oGm;w,f? ckdif;vkdY apvkdY odyfaumif;vmw,f/ 0yÜ|mae oómed orÜZÆEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) v,fawm Munfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if pkdufysKd;xm;wJh v,fcif;rSm pyg;awG toD;tESHawGu odyfNyD;awmh atmifjrifvmw,f/ 0×d,m 0g orÜ,kwåHç wm0umvduH 0g 'dEéH "eH tapm'dwm o,ar0 tm[&dwGm a'EÅd? (r-|-4-179/) twkd;ay;xm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG okdYr[kwf cPacwå acs;iSm; xm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG[mvnf; twkd;csxm;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGu odkYr[kwf acs;iSm;xm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGu tvG,fwuleJY vmNyD;awmh ay;Muw,f/ 'gom'a,m ok0pm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) tdrfrSmckdif;apaewJh uRefa,mufsm; uRefrdef;rawGukd Munfhvkduf r,fqkdvkdY&Sd&ifvnf; ajympum; qkdpum; odyfNyD;awmh em;axmifMu w,f? 'g uav;&JU bkef;uHyJ/ aemufwpfck ----- ur®EÅm e y&d[m,EÅd? (r-|-4-179/) tvkyform;awG Munfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if vkyfcif;ukdifcif;rSm a&omckdaewmrsKd; vHk;vHk;r&SdMubl;/ tvkyfukd jynfhjynhf00vkyfMuw,f/ 'g&aum *AÇawm y|m, y&d[m&H vbwd? (r-|-4-179/) uav;oli,fudk ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdeftcgupNyD; 'Dukd,f0ef rysufpD;atmif xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufay;rnfhyk*¾dKvfawG ab;utrsKd;orD;awG trsm;BuD;ay:vmw,f/ aumrm&dua0ZÆm oEéd[dwm0 a[mEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) uav;oli,fudk aq;ukoay;rnfh trsKd;orD;aq;q&m trsKd;rsKd; aygh? ckacwftajymESifh ajym&ifawmh trsKd;orD; q&m0efawGayghaemf? trsKd;orD;q&m0eftrsKd;rsKd;awG[m toifhpnf;a0; a&mufvmMuw,f/ *[ywdukav Zmawm ao|d|meHç trpöukvm'Dok Zmawm aoemywd|mem'Ded vbwd/ (r-|-4-179/) 'g&aum = uav;oli,fonf/ *[ywdukav = *[ywdtrnf &wJh olaX;ol<u,frsKd;ü/ Zmawm = arG;zGm;cJhonf&Sdaomf/ ao|d|meH = olaX;&mxl;udk/ vbwd = &&dSEdkif\/ 'Duav;oli,f[m *[ywd olaX;ol<u,frsKd;rSm oGm;NyD; vljzpfcJh r,fqdk&if olaX;&mxl; &Ekdifw,f/ 'g&aum = uav;oli,fonf/ trpöukvm'Dok = trwftrsKd; tEG,f ponfwkdYü/ Zmawm = arG;zGm;cJhonf&Sdaomf/ aoemywd|mem'Ded = ppfolBuD;&mxl;ponfwkdYukd/ vbwd = &&SdEkdif\/ trwfrsKd;rSm arG;zGm;cJhr,fqdk&if ppfolBuD;&mxl;ukd &&SdEkdifw,f? rif;rsKd;rSm arG;zGm;cJhr,fqdk&if &Sifbk&if&mxl; &Ekdifw,f? 'Dvkd qkdvkdw,f/ {0H abma* OyÜga'wd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYukd/ OyÜga'wd = jzpfay:ap\/ olwpfyg;toufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhuHwpfcku 'DyHk'Dyef; 'Denf;vrf;tm;jzifh pnf;pdrfOpömtrsKd;rsKd;ukd jzpfapw,f? jzpfatmif jyKjyifay;w,f/ aom ty&dóa,m oabma*g pd&H ZD0wd/ (r-|-4-179/) aom = xkduav;i,fonf/ ty&dóa,m = ab;&ef r&SdbJ/ oabma*g = pnf;pdrfOpömESifh jynfhpHkuHkvHk&onfjzpfí/ pd&H = MumjrifhpGm/ ZD0wd = touf&Snf&\/ ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;vnf; olUrSmuif;w,f? pnf;pdrfOpömtrsKd;rsKd; awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkw,f? pnf;pdrfOpömvnf; jynfhpHkNyD;awmh &SnfjrihfpGm aom tcsdeftcgumvywfvHk; touf&Snf&w,f/ {0H tygPmwdygwur®H 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ tygPmwdygwur®H = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfaMumif;jzpfwJhuHonf/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH = &Snfaom toufukd jzpfapwwfonf (0g) touf&Snfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ 'Dvkdqkd&if touf&SnfcsifwJh yk*¾dKvfawG olUtoufukd owf&r vm; rowf&bl;vm;¿ rowf&bl;? vkdtyfw,f? vkdtyfw,f --- 'g pdwf"mwfjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;yJ/ tygPmwdygwdem 0g uwH tnrÜd ukovH OVm&H a[mwd? (r-|-4-179/) 0g = aemufwpfrsKd;aomfum;/ tygPmwdygwdem = olUtoufukd owfavhr&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ uwH = jyKpkysKd;axmiftyfwJh/ tnrÜd ukovH = tjcm;wpfyg;aom ukokdvfw&m;onfvnf;yJ/ OVm&H = BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfaomtusKd;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ aemufwpfrsKd; ajymOD;r,f ---- olUtoufukd owfaewJh yk*¾dKvf wpfa,mufjyKwJh aumif;rIukokdvfuHESifh olUtoufukdrowfbJESifh a&Smif MuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh ukokdvfuHvdkY ukodkvfuHESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tJ'DukokdvfuHESpfrsKd; &SdwJhteufu olUtoufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkduf wJh tjcm;tjcm;uHawGvnf; &SdMujyefw,f/ tjcm;tjcm;uHqkdwm olU toufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfwJhuHrSwpfyg; wjcm;wjcm;ukokdvfuH tm;vHk;yJ/ 'DuHawGonf ---- OVm&H = BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK;rsm;jrwfwJh tusKd;tmedoif&Sdw,f/ 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð ZaewkH oauúmwd? (r-|-4-179/) 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð = touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;ukd/ ZaewkH = jzpfaptHhaomiSm/ oauúmwd = pGrf;Ekdif\/ y#doaE¨rsKd;aphuav;xJu touf&SnfEkdifwJh rsKd;aph"mwfpGrf;tm; awG 'DxJrSm uyfNyD;awmh ygvmw,f/ 'DygPmwdygwrS a&SmifMuOfwJh ukodkvfuHu touf&SnfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawGudk y#doaE¨rsKd;aphxJrSm jr§KyfESHay;vdkufw,f/ 'DuH&JUpGrf;tifrsm;u y#doaE¨tusKd;udk ay;aewJh uHudk touf&SnfapwJhpGrf;tifjynfh0vmatmif axmufyHhay;vdkufw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DuHawGu touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;udkjzpfapzdkY&ef pGrf;tif jynfh0vmw,f/ {0rÜd 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0rÜd = þokdYvnf;yJ/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH = touf&SnfaprIukd jzpfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olUtoufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJhuHonf 'DyHktm;jzifh touf&Snfw,f? touf &SnfrIudk jzpfapwwfw,f/ y#doE¨dar0 0g ed,marwGm 'DCm,kuH ua&mwd/ (r-|-4-179??) y#doE¨dar0 0g = y#doaE¨ukdyifvQifaomfvnf;yJ/ ed,marwGm = owfrSwfí/ 'DCm,kuH = touf&Snfjcif;ukd/ ua&mwd = jyKvkyfí ay;wwf\/ y#doaE¨ukdvnf; touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;jzpfatmif 'DuHu owfrSwfcsuf ay;vkdufw,f/ owfrSwfNyD;awmh touf&Snfatmif jyKjyifzefwD;ay;vkdufw,f/ [kdbufu okwåefwpfck -- trnfawmh arhaew,f? owå0gawG trd0rf;wGif;rSm y#doaE¨wnfae&NyD; arG;zGm;vmwJh owå0gESifh trd 0rf;wGif;rSm y#doaE¨wnfaeNyD;awmh trd0rf;wGif;rSmyJ aoausysufpD; &wJhowå0g? 'DESpfck EIdif;,SOfvkdufr,fqdk&if trd0rf;wGif;rSm aoaus ysufpD;&wJh owå0gu ykdNyD;rsm;w,fvkdY bk&m;a[mxm;wJh okwåefwpfck &Sdygw,f/ ckvkdolawmfaumif;wpfOD; qkdMuygpkdY? ukd,fusifhoDvawG jzLpif aewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;ukd uHwpfcku y#doaE¨tusKd;udk ay;vkdufNyD qkd&if trd0rf;wGif;rSm aoausapwwfwJh uHrsKd; b,fawmhrS rjzpfap &bl;? trd0rf;wGif;rSm raoaus rysufpD;&atmif 'DuHu owfrSwf csuf ay;vkdufw,f/ oEéd|meapwem, 0g a'0avmau edAÁwåwd? ykAÁmy&apwem[d 0kwåea,e 'DCm,kaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf; ajym&r,fqkdvkdY&Sd&ifawmh olwpfyg;toufukd rowfjzwfawmhygbl;vkdY qHk;jzwfcsufcsNyD; a&SmifMuOfvdkufwJh tJ'D oEéd|meapwemu ewfjynfewfavmurSm y#doaE¨tm;jzifh oGm;NyD; jzpfay: apEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/ olwpfyg;toufukd rowfawmhygbl;vkdY pdwf qHk;jzwfcsufrcscif aU&Sykdif;rSm a&SmifMuOfzkdY&efjzpfaewJh pdwfapwemawGç aemufydkif;rSm a&SmifMuOfNyD;wJh tcgrSmvnf;jzpfay:vmwJh pdwfapwem awG &Sdw,f? ukokdvfpdwfapwemawGyJ/ tJ'D apwemawGuvnf; ckeu ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; vlUjynf vlUavmurSm vmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wnfaecJh&r,fqdk&if touf&Snfapwwfygw,f/ £rdem ea,e oAÁyO§0dóZÆaeok taw¬m a0'dwaAÁm/ (r-|-4-179/) 'Djyóemukd ajymqkdcJhwJhtzGifhtwkdif; aemufvmrnfh jyóem? [tm;vHk;aygif; (14)csuf&SdwJhteufu ck (2)csufyJ ajym&ao;w,f] tJ'D<uif;usefaeao;wJh jyóem (12) csufwkdYrSmvnf; 'DyHkpHukd enf;rSD NyD; od&SdygvkdY t|uxmu zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh enf;enf; pum;pyfrdatmif jyefNyD;awmhajymr,f .../ okbvkvifu jrwfpGmbk&m;udk jyóem (14)ck ar;cJhw,f? tJ'D (14)ck ar;wJhtxJrSm bmaMumifh touf&Snf&ovJ¿ bmaMumifh toufwkd &ovJ¿ 'Dar;cGef;ESpfckvnf; ygw,f/ toufwkdjcif;onf ygPmwdygwuHudk vGefusL;cJhvkdYç touf&Snf&jcif;onf ygPmwdygwuHawGudk a&SmifMuOfcJhvkdY 'DvdkjrwfpGmbk&m;u jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;ygw,f/ ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;&JU ar;cGef; 'Dae&mrSm -- udk,fusifhjzLpifjrifhjrwfwJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvdkufwJh 'geukodkvfuHESifh udk,fusifhoDv ysufpD;aewJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvdkufwJh 'geukodkvfuHwdkY&JU uGmjcm;wJh tusKd;w&m;&SdyHkESifh qufpyfNyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ZmPkaomPd okwåef (tH-3-478/) qdkwJh okwåefwpfck &Sdygw,f/ tJ'DokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh taMumif;t&mtcsKdUudk twdkcsKyfNyD; xyfajymOD;r,f --- wpfcsdefrSm AdrÁdom&rif;BuD;&JU yka&m[dwfq&mBuD;jzpfwJh ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;u bk&m;&SifxHcsOf;uyfNyD;awmh ar;cGef;wpfckar;yg w,f/ b,fvdkar;ovJ¿ --- t&Sifa*gwr ... wynfhawmfwdkYykPÖm;awG[m ]]þtvSLonf uG,fvGefNyD;ukefaom aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYxHodkY uyfa&mufygap? þtvSL udk uG,fvGefukefaom aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYonf oHk;aqmifMuygap}} -- qdkwJh OD;wnfcsufESifh tvSL'geawGudk jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ aooludk &nfpl; NyD;awmh ukAÇD;xrif;wdkYudk jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ tJ'DtvSL[m uGefvGefoGm; MuwJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGxHodkY qdkufa&mufygovm;¿ uG,fvGefoGm;Mu wJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awG[m 'DtvSLudk oHk;aqmifMu&ygovm;¿ 'Dvdk ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;u bk&m;&Siftm; aooludk &nfñTef; í vSL'gef;tyfwJh tvSL'geESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh ar;cGef;awGudk ar;jref; avQmufxm;w,f/ bk&m;&Sif\ tajz tJ'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu --- Xmae acg jAm[®P OyuyÜwd? aem t|mae/ 'umawmfykPÖm; ... 'Daumif;rIukodkvf[m a&mufoifhaom t&mXmeü a&mufw,f? ra&mufoifhaom t&mXmeü ra&mufbl; -vdkY cyfusOf;usOf;yJ tajz ay;awmfrlvdkufygw,f/ usOf;vGef;awmh ykPÖm;BuD;u xyfNyD; &Sif;vif;a[mMum;awmfrl&ef awmif;yefjyefw,f/ 'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu tus,fa0zefNyD; a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ 'Da'oemawmf&JU vdk&if;uawmh 'Dvdkyg .../ i&J-wd&pämef-Nydwåm-vlUjynf-ewfjynfqdkwJh *wdig;wef&SdwJh txJ u -- aovGefoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvf[m raocif vlUb0wkef;u 'kp½kdufrsKd;pHkudk vufoGufoGuf vGefusL;avh&SdwJh 'kp½kduftdk; vlrdkufrsKd;jzpfjcif;aMumifh aovGefoGm;wJhtcg i&JodkYa&mufr,fqdk&if xdki&Jom;owå0g&JU tukodkvfuHqdkwJh apwemtm[m&ESifhyJ rQwae&w,f/ tu,fí wd&pämef b0 a&mufcJhr,fqdk&ifvnf; wd&pämefb0rSm&SdwJh jrufopf&GufpwJh wd&pämefwdkY&JU tm[m&awGESifhyJ rQwae&w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Di&J-wd&pämef qdkwJh bHkXmeawG[mvnf; 'Dvlb0u aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYu jyKvkyfvdkuf wJh aumif;rIukodkvf[m tJ'D i&Jom;xHodkY odkYr[kwf wd&pämefxHodkY ra&mufEdkifbl;? t&mXme r[kwfbl;vdkY qdkvdkw,f/ i&Jom;owå0gqdkwmuvnf; olU&JU tukodkvfuHawG&JU t&Sdef t0gawG rukeforQumvywfvHk; i&JrSm cHae&rnfhoabm&Sdygw,f/ 'DvlUjynfvlUavmuu olUtwGuf&nfñTef;NyD; jyKvkyfay;wJh ukodkvfwdkY &JUt&Sdeft0gudk cH,lEdkifwJhoabmr&Sdbl;/ 'DukodkvfawG&JU tusKd;udkvnf; oHk;aqmifcHpm;EdkifcGifh r&Sdbl;/ aemufwpfck --- wd&pämefb0qdkwmuvnf; tvm;wlyJ - wd&pämef b0udk jzpfapEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&SdwJh tukodkvfuHwdkY&JU t&Sdeft0gawG rukef ao;orQumvywfvHk; wd&pämefb0rS uRwfEdkifvGwfEdkifwJhoabm r&Sd bl;/ 'gaMumifh wd&pämefbHkb0 a&muf&SdoGm;wJh uG,fvGefoludk &nfñTef; NyD; vlUb0u usef&pfolaqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rIukokdvfjyKay; aomfvnf; tJ'Dwd&pämefb0a&muf&SdaewJholu od&SdzkdY om"kac:EkdifzkdY qkdwJhoabmw&m;rSm tvGefjzpfEkdifcJwJhoabmwpfckom jzpfaew,f/ wd&pämefb0rSm&SdwJh rdcifwpfOD;OD;&JU0rf;xJrSm y#doaE¨wnfaeqJtcsdef tcgrsKd;rSm 'DvlUb0u aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu aumif;rIukokdvfjyKay; r,fqdk&if xkdowå0gu od&SdEkdifzkdY om"kac:EkdifzkdYqkdwJhoabmw&m;[m vnf; ykdNyD;tvSrf;a0;wJh tcuftcJwpf&yfomjzpfzkdY&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh wd&pämefb0[mvnf; vlUjynfvlUavmuu aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu jyK vkyfay;vkdufwJh aumif;rIukokdvfwkdY&JU t&Sdeft0gawG a&mufEkdifwJhae&m XmersKd; r[kwfbl;/ aemufwpfckajymOD;r,f - yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;[m vlUjynfvlUavmurSm &SdpOf ukd,fusifhoDvawGu tvGefjzLpifw,f? um,uHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f 0pDuHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f raemuHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f? xkdyk*¾dKvf[m uG,fvGef oGm;wJhtcg vlUjynfvlavmu a&mufcJh&if vlwkdY&JUtpmtm[m&jzifh rQwae&w,f? ewfjynfewfavmu a&mufcJh&ifvnf; ewfwkdY&JU tpm tm[m&jzifh rQwae&w,f/ xkdvlUjynf ewfjynf a&mufoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;twGuf &nfñTef; NyD; vlUjynfvlavmurSm usef&pfcJhol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rI ukokdvfawGukd jyKay;Muaomfvnf; xkduG,fvGefoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvf[m tJ'D ukokdvf&JUtusKd;w&m;ukd cHpm;zkdY&ef t&mXmer[kwfjyefbl;/ 'Dtcsuf[mvnf; xif&Sm;ygw,f/ uG,fvGefoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m vlUjynfvlUavmuukd a&muf&SdaeNyDqkdMupkdY/ &ufykdif;vykdif;twGif;rSmyJ xkduG,fvGefolukd &nfñTef;NyD;awmh usef&pfolaqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rI ukokdvfjyKcJh&if xkdukokdvfukd xkdvlom;wpfOD;u &&SdzkdYrSm tvGefcufcJwJh oabmwpfck jzpfaew,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --- xkd uG,fvGefoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m tJ'D &ufykdif;vykdif;twGif;avmufrSmqkd&if rdcifwpfOD;OD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm wnf&Sdaewkef; jzpfEdkifw,f/ rdcif wpfOD;OD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm&SdaewJh 'Duav;twGuf usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rIukokdvf jyKay;aomfvnf; xkduav; oli,ftzkdY xkdukokdvf&JU tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdzkdY&ef t&mXmer[kwf jzpfaeao;w,f/ tu,fí uG,fvGefol[m ewfjynfewfavmuokdY a&muf&SdoGm;cJh&ifvnf; ewfpnf;pdrfukd cHpm;aeqJtcsdefomjzpfw,f/ vlb0u ruG,fvGefrD rdrdukd,fwkdif jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh ukokdkvfuHawG&JU t&Sdeft0gawG rukefao;orQ ewfjynfewfavmurSm ewfpnf;pdrf awGudk cHpm;&rnfhoabmom &Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh ewfjynfewfavmu [mvnf; uG,fvGefolukd &nfñTef;NyD; usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu jyKay;vkdufwJh aumif;rIukokdvfwkdY&JU tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdEkdifwJh t&mXmersKd; r[kwfbl;/ Nydwåmb0wpfrsKd;om tu,fí uG,fvGefol[m Nydwåmb0okdY a&muf&SdcJhr,fqdk&ifç xkd Nydwåmb0rSmvnf; y&'wåLyZD0dNydwåmwkdYvkd olwpfyg;wkdYjyKay;vkdufwJh ukokdvfukdrSDNyD; touf&Snf&rnfh NydwåmrsKd;jzpfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu xkduG,fvGefol (NydwåmbkHb0okdY a&muf&SdoGm;ol)ukd &nfñTef;NyD; aumif;rIukokdvfukdjyKcJh&if xkd'gejzifh xkdNydwåm[m xkdNydwåm bkHü rQw&w,f? xkd'gejzifh xkdNydwåm[m xkdNydwåmbkHü wnfae&w,f/ 'gaMumifh xkdNydwåmbkHüwnfoltm; xkd'geonf a&muf&Sdw,f -- 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu tajzay;awmfrlvkdufw,f/ ykPÖm;BuD;&JU xyfqifhar;cGef;rsm; tu,fí uG,fvGefoGm;ol[m xkdNydwåmb0okdYra&muf&SdcJhbl;qkd&if xkd'geukd tb,folu okH;aqmifygovJ -- vkdY xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; -- xkdNydwåmbkHb0okdY a&muf&SdaeMuwJh tjcm;t jcm;aom a&S;a&S;u uG,fvGefoGm;MuwJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu xkd'ge ukd okH;aqmifcHpm;&wJhtaMumif;ukd xyfNyD;tajzay;awmfrlygw,f/ uG,fvGefoluvnf; Nydwåmb0okdY ra&muf&SdcJhbl;qkd&ifç NydwåmbkH rSmvnf; tjcm;tjcm;aom aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGvnf; r&SdMubl;qkd&if xkd'geukd b,folu okH;aqmifcHpm;&ygovJvkdY ykPÖm;BuD;u xyfar; jyefw,f/ &Snfvsm;vSpGmaom oHo&mc&D;wpfavQmufrSm aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdY rS uif;qdwf&m bkHXme&Sdw,fqkdwJh 'Doabmw&m;[m t&mXmer[kwf aMumif;ukd bk&m;&Sifu jyefvnfNyD; trdefY&Sdawmfrlw,f/ tJ'Dvkd trdefY&Sd NyD;wJhtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu tvGefodoifhwJh tcsuftvufwpfckudk quf vufNyD; rdefYMum;awmfrljyefygw,f -- b,fvkddrdefYMum;awmfrlovJ¿ -- tyd p jAm[®P 'g,aumyd tedyæavm? (tH-3-480/) jAm[®P = 'g,umawmf ZmPkaomPdykPÖm; .../ tyd p = trSefpifppftm;jzifhaomfum;/ 'g,aumyd = tvSL&Sifonfvnf;/ tedyæavm = tusKd;rJh rjzpfEkdif/ oyæavm0 = tusKd;&SdonfomvQif/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ ]]'g,umawmf ykPÖm;BuD; ...trSefpifppftm;jzifh ajymqkd&&if tvSL&Sif[mvnf; tusKd;r&Sd rjzpfEkdifygbl;? tusKd;&Sdonfom jzpfyg w,f}}vkdY bk&m;&Sifu trdefY&Sdawmfrlw,f/ 'g,aumyd tedyæavmwd ,H oE¨m, wH 'geH 'dEéH? wó OyuyÜwk 0g rm 0g? 'g,aue ye e ouúm edyæave b0dwkH? 'g,aum wó 'geó 0dyguH vbwda,0/ (tH-|-3-339/) = tMuif uG,fvGefolukd &nfñTef;í xkd'geukd ay;vSLw,f/ xkd uG,fvGefoltm; xkd'geonf uyfa&mufonfyifjzpfapç ruyfa&muf onfyifjzpfap tvSL&Sifum; xkd'ge\ tusKd;w&m;ukd &&Sdonfom jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd qkdvkdw,fvkdY t|uxmu &Sif;jyxm;w,f/ 'DtcgrSm ykPÖm;BuD;u --- aool[m 'ge\tusKd;w&m; rjzpfoifh wJhae&mrSm jzpfaeayrJh &Sifa*gwr[m 'ge&JUtusKd;w&m;ukd xif&Sm;&Sd w,fvkdY ynwfawmfrlygovm;vkdY --- qufNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifuvnf; --- aooGm;wJhol[m 'ge&JUtusKd; w&m; rjzpfoifhwJhbkHXmerSm oGm;jzpfaeaomfvnf; igbk&m;&Sifu 'ge&JU tusKd;w&m;awGukd xif&Sm;&Sdw,fvkdYyJ - ynwfawmfrlwJhtaMumif;ukd rdefYMum;awmfrlvkdufw,f/ ykPÖm;BuD;bufu --- 'Dvkday;vSLwJh 'ge[m aooltwGuf &nf ñTef;NyD;vSLwJh tvSL'gejzpfvkdY tvSL&Sifu 'D'ge&JUtusKd;ukd r&oifhbl;vkdY t,l&Sdaew,f/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; ykPÖm;BuD;&JU tar;jyóem&JUqkdvkd&if; ukd od&SdNyD;jzpfvkdY tvSL&Sif[m aumif;rIukokdvf&JU tusKd;w&m;udk rSDNyD; touf&Sif&rnfh bkHXmerSm b,fbkHrSmyJjzpfjzpf? 'DtvSL&Sif[m 'ge&JU tusKd;w&m;ukd &&SdEkdifonfomjzpfw,f - vkdY bk&m;&Sif&JU rdefYawmfrl vkd&if;ukd t|uxmu &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;w,f/ (tH-|-3-339/) NyD;awmh b,fvkd tusKd;w&m;awG&Sdw,fqkdwmukd bk&m;&Sifu qufvufNyD; a[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/ 'D - bk&m;&Sif&JU a[mMum;csuf a'oemawmfawG[m ,ckvkd uHawGudk xlaxmifaewJh wpfenf;ajym&if awmh yef;csDum;csyfuav;awGukd a&;qJGaewJh oHo&mc&D;onfawG taeESifh tvGefodxm;oifhwJh taMumif;t&mawG jzpfMuw,f/ --- 'D a'oemawmfudk twdkcsKyfNyD;awmh xyfajymOD;r,f --- wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawG[m - olUtoufukdowfjcif;ç olUypönf;ukd rw&m; ,ljcif;ç olUom;r,m;ukd zsufqD;jcif;qkdwJh um,'kp½kdufawGukdvnf; vGefusL;avh&Sdw,f/ rkom;pum;ç ukef;pum;ç Murf;wrf;wJhpum;ç ydefzsif; wJhpum;awGukd ajymqkdvsuf 0pD'kp½kdufawGukdvnf; vGefusL;avh&Sdw,f/ olwpfyg;ypönf;awGukd rw&m;aomenf;vrf;jzifh &&SdzkdY&ef MuHpnf pdwf ul;aejcif;ç olwpfyg;wdkYudk owfjzwfzdkY aoausysufpD;apzdkY n§Of;yef; EdSyfpufzdkYudkvnf; MuHpnfpdwful;aejcif;ç uH-uH\tusKd;ukd vufrcHbJ rSm;,Gif;wJh cH,lcsufawG &Sdaejcif;qkdwJh raem'kp½kdufawGukdvnf; vGef usL;avh&Sdw,f/ 'Dvkd 'kp½kdufawGukd vufoGufoGufESifh vGefusL;avh&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf[m wpfbufu orP jAm[®P trnf&SdwJh tvSLcHyk*¾dKvf rsm;xkdxkdtm; qGrf;-tazsmf-t0wf-,mOf-yef;-eHYom-eHYomaysmif;-tdyf&m-ae&m ausmif;-qDrD;qkdwJh 'ge0w¬Ktpkpkukd ay;vSLavh&Sdjyefw,f/ xkdyk*¾dKvfrsKd;[m uG,fvGefoGm;wJhtcg qifwkdY&JU taygif;tazmf tjzpfokdY a&muf&SdEkdifw,f? um,'kp½kduf 0pD'kp½kduf raem'kp½kduf qkdwJh 'kp½kduftrsKd;rsKd;awGukd vGefusL;cJhwJhtwGuf qifb0okdY a&muf&Sd&w,f/okdYaomf orP jAm[®P trnf&SdwJh tvSLcHyk*¾dKvf rsm;xkdxkdtm; qGrf; ouFef;tp&SdwJh 'ge0w¬KtrsKd;rsKd;ukd ay;vSLcJhwJhtwGuf xkdqifb0rSm r*Fvmqifawmfponfjzpf&NyD; tpm;taomufç yef;ç txl;xl;aom tqifwefqmwkdYukd &avh&Sdjyefw,f/ tvm;wlyJ jrif;b0okdY a&mufcJh&ifvnf; r*Fvmjrif;awmfponf jzpf&NyD; tqifhjrifhjrifh aexkdifpm;aomuf&w,f/ EGm;b0-acG;b0 ---a&mufcJh&ifvnf; tvm;wlyJ tqifhjrifhjrifhae&w,f/ tqifhhjrifhjrifhpm; &w,f --- ponfjzifh bk&m;&Sifu qufvufNyD; a[mjyawmfrlw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm w&m;emy&dowfawG pOf;pm;zkdY tcsuftvufuav; awGudk bkef;BuD;bufuvnf; ajymjycsifw,f --- acG;b0yJ qkdMuygpkdY -tqifhjrifhjrifh ae&w,fqkdaomfvnf; acG; - ae& tdyf&wJhae&m[m b,favmuf tqifhjrifhEkdifovJ¿ -- NyD;awmh acG;b0rSm tqifhjrifhjrifh pm;&w,fqkdaomfvnf; b,favmuf tqifhjrifhjrifh pm;&rSmvJ¿ - pOf;pm;Munfhav - b,favmufyJ tqifhjrifhjrifh xm;xm;ç b,favmuf yJ tqifhjrifhjrifh auR;auR; acG;qkdwmu rpifykHrSm acgif;qkdufae&wmukd auseyfwJh b0rsKd;omjzpfw,f/ 'ge[m b,fb0a&mufa&muf tusKd;ay;w,f qkdaomfvnf; wpfbufuMunfh&ifawmh t½IH;xGufaew,f/ ta&mif;t0,fwpfckukd jyKvkyfwJhtcgrSm t½IH;xGufovkd ck'Dae&mrSmvnf; 'ge[m t½IH;xGufae w,f/ b,fvkd t½IH;xGufaeovJ¿ 'ge&JUpGrf;tif 'geO§d avmau ouúorÜwåð a'wd rm&orÜwåð jA[®orÜwåð? puú0wådorÜwåð? om0uyg&rDÓPH? yapöuaAm"dÓPH? tbdoarÁm"dÓPH a'wd/ (tH-|-3-213/) avmurSm 'ge&JUpGrf;tm;onf odMum;rif;pnf;pdrfudkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Edkifw,f? rm&frif;&JU pnf;pdrfudkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Edkifw,f? jA[®m rif;&JU pnf;pdrfudkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Ekdifw,f? pMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrf udkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Edkifw,f/ tu,fí tvSL'ge&Sifu 'DavmuD csrf;omokcawGudk tvdkr&SdcJhvdkY avmukwå&mcsrf;omokcudkom tvdk&SdcJh r,fqdk&if --- 'D'ge&JUpGrf;tm;onf om0uyg&rDÓPf (= yuwdom0u aAm"dç r[mom0uaAm"dç t*¾om0uaAm"d qdkwJh om0uyg&rDÓPf) udkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Edkifw,f? yapöuaAm"dÓPfudkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf; Edkifw,f? or®moarÁm"dÓPfawmfjrwfBuD;udkaomfvnf; ay;pGrf;Edkifw,f/ (tH-|-3-213/) 'gewpfckwnf;u xdkxdkaAm"dÓPfawGudk ay;w,fvdkY qdkvdkwm awmh r[kwfbl;? yg&rD (10)yg;xJrSm 'geyg&rDvnf; t0iftygjzpfvdkY xdkxdkaAm"dÓPfwdkY&JU taMumif;w&m;tjzpf zGifhqdkaejcif;jzpfw,f/ 'gerSm 'Dvdk tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh txufwef;uswJh tusKd; w&m;awGudk ay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &Sdygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'Dvdktxufwef; uswJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk 'D'geu ay;Edkifw,fqdkwm b,fvdkyk*¾dKvfawG rSmom tusKd;ay;EdkifovJ¿ --- wÍö acg oDv0awm 0'grd? aem 'kóDvó/ £ZÑwd bdu©a0 oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/ (tH-3-71/) 'Dvdk tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh txufwef;uswJh tusKd;w&m;awG udk 'D'geu tusKd;ay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,fqdkwm oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvftm; om igbk&m;a[mawmfrlw,f/ oDvr&SdwJh 'kp½kduftdk; vlrdkufrsKd;tm; igbk&m; a[mawmfrrlbl;/ &[ef;wdkY ...oDvpifMu,faewJhtwGuf aMumifh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwf&JUawmifhwcsuf[lorQ[m rcRwf{uef NyD;pD;jynfhpkHwwfygw,f/ (tH-3-71/) 'Da'oemawmfuawmh t*FkwådK&fygVdawmf 'gElyywådokwåefrSm -bk&m;&Sif&JU a[mMum;awmfrlcsuf jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tvSL&Sif[m udk,fusifhw&m;awG jzLpifwJh oDv&SdwJh tvSL&Sifjzpfr,fqdk&if 'D'ge ukodkvfaMumifh tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh txufwef;uswJh tusKd;w&m; awGudk &&SdEdkifw,f/ odkYaomf oDvr&SdwJhtvSL&Sifjzpfr,f qdkvdkY&Sd&ifawmh 'D'geukodkvfaMumifh 'Dvdk tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh txufwef;uswJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk r&&SdEdkifbl;/ bmawGudkom &&SdEdkifrvJ¿ -- w&m;emy&dowfawG em;BuD;BuD;ESifh rsufpdBuD;BuD;ESifh pOf;pm; qifjcifMunfhyg/ r*Fvmqifawmfjzpf&NyD; pm;zG,faomufzG,fawG aygayg rsm;rsm;&&Sdw,f qdkaomfvnf; qifawG[m bmawGudk pm;MuovJ¿- 0g;EkEkawG jrufawG opf&GufawG EG,fawGudk trsm;tm;jzifh pm;Muw,f/ opfoD;0vHqdkwmuawmh &Hzef&Hcgavmufom jzpfaumif;jzpfEdkifygw,f/ 'Dawmh rdrdvSLcJhpOfu qifpm;wJh tpm;tpmrsKd;awG [kwfovm;¿ r[kwf bl;/ t½IH;rxGufbl;vm;¿ t½IH;xGufaew,f/ bmaMumifh t½IH;xGuf& ovJ¿ udk,fusifhoDvawG ysufpD;cJhvdkYyJ/ um,uHpifMu,frI 0pDuH pifMu,frI raemuHpifMu,frIawG r&SdcJhvdkYyJ/ jrif;awG EGm;awGrSmvnf; tvm;wlyJ/ aemufwpfck acG;b0Munfhyg/ ajrBuD;ay:rSm tdyf&wm ae&wmudk arGUavsmfwJhb0rsKd;om jzpfw,f/ acG;b0rSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef pm;& w,fqdkayrJh tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh vlom;awGpm;wJh tpmESifh EdIif;,SOf vdkuf&ifawmh tvGeftqifhedrfhaeygao;w,f/ NyD;awmh acG;qdkwmu b,favmufyJ aumif;aumif;pm;&ygap -- rpifyHkawGU&ifawmh avG;&rS auseyfwJhowå0grsKd;om jzpfw,f/ -- 'DtcsufawG Munfhvdkuf&ifvnf; t½IH;rxGufbl;vm;¿ ½IH;aew,f/ wpfcsdefu vlUb0rSm rdrdvSL'gef;cJhpOfu 'DvdkacG;pm;wJh tpmrsKd;awG [kwfovm;¿ r[kwfbl; - bmaMumifh 'Dvdk tqifhedrfhoGm;&w,fqdkwmudk oabmaygufoifhw,f/ udk,fusifhoDv ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh 'geukodkvfuH&JU tusKd;w&m;awG[m tqifhtwef; edrfhoGm;jcif;jzpfw,f/ aiGukefaMu;uscHNyD; tvSL'geyGJBuD;wpfckudk jyKpk ysKd;axmifygvsuf 'D'geaMumifh jrufawG opf&GufawGudkom aygaygrsm; rsm; jyefpm;&r,fqdk&ifawmh --- b,fhES,fwkef; y&dowfawG ½IH;csufu rembl