tusKd;ay;qef;Mu,fyHktydkif; (plVur®0db*Fokwåefydkif;)

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(r-|-4-175/) t|uxmu 'Dvkd zGifhxm;w,f/ awma',sykPÖm;BuD;u "e avmb = rdrd&JU pnf;pdrfOpömawGtay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh wPSmavmbaMumifh rdrd&JUtdrfrSmyJ jyefNyD;awmh acG;jzpf&w,f/ olUrSm pnf;pdrfOpömu b,favmuf<u,f0csrf;omovJ Munfhvkdufawmh uka# (80)? tJ'D uka# (80)avmuf<u,f0csrf;omaewJh 'Dawma',sykPÖm; BuD;u rdrdpnf;pdrfukd xdckdufwmukd onf;rcHEkdifwJh rpä&d,w&m; vTrf;rkd; aewJhtwGuf tenf;i,faomfvnf; ay;vSLrI r&SdcJhbl;/ ray;vSL½HkwGif vm;qkdawmh ruao;bl;? olUom;i,fjzpfwJh okbvkvifukdvnf; olu tjrJwrf; qkdqHk;rw,f/ b,fvkd qkdqHk;rovJ¿ awma',sykPÖm;BuD;&JU qHk;rpum; tÍÆemeH c,H 'doGm? 0r®dumeÍö oÍö,H/ r"leÍö orm[m&H? y@dawm C&rm0ao/ (r-|-4-175/) rsufa&;uGif;aewJh rsufpOf;ndKausmufqkdwm a&S;wkef;u &Sdw,f?/tJ'DrsufpOf;ndKausmufu a&S;wkef;uawmh tdE´d,EkdifiHrSm toHk;rsm;cJh ykH&w,f/ 'Dausmufuav;ukd aoG;NyD;awmh ,ckumv vkdifemqJGwJh ykHpHvkdaygh? rsufvHk;ukd uGif;Muw,f/ rsufvHk;ukd uGif;wJh ausmufndK uav; wpfck &Sdw,f? tJ'D ausmufndKuav;ukd aoG;NyD; uGif;Muw,f/ tJ'DausmufndKudk ]]tÍÆe}}vkdY ac:ygw,f/ rsufvHk;uav;udk vkdifem qJGcsifNyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if ausmufuav;udk aoG;vkduf rsufvHk;uav;udk uGif;vkduf? aemufwpfcg vkdifemqJGcsifjyefawmh xyfaoG;jyefw,f? rsufvHk;uGif;jyefw,f/ aoG;ygrsm;vm&if 'DausmufndKuav;[m bmjzpfoGm;ovJ¿ wjznf;jznf; ukefoGm;w,f/ cspfom; ...'Dtwkdif;yJ? pnf;pdrfOpömqkdwm ay;vSLzefrsm;vm&if ukefwmyJ? bmrS tusKd;r&Sdbl;/ 'gaMumifh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ ['Dvkd om;ukd qHk;rw,f/] ...0r®dumeÍö oÍö,H/ r"leÍö orm[m&H? ... cspfom; ...jcawmifykdYwpfckudk Munfhvkduf? jcawG[m enf;enf; enf;enf; pkzefrsm;vm&if wpfaeY bmjzpfvmovJ¿ awmifykdY jzpfvm w,f/ ysm;awGukd Munfhvkduf? wpfaeY wpfaeY enf;enf; enf;enf;ESifh ysm;&nfawGukd pkzefrsm;vm&if wpfaeY ysm;&nfawG trsm;BuD;jzpfvm w,f/ 'Dtwkdif;yJ --- ynm&SdwJh a,mufsm;wpfa,muf[m tdrf&mwnf axmif vlUabmiffrSm pkd;tkyfaexkdifNyDqkd&if ]]jcukdyHkjyK ysm;vkdpk&r,f}}- pnf;pdrfOpömukd 'Dvkdpk&w,f? b,fawmhrS ray;vSL&bl;vkdY olu 'Dvkd tjrJwrf; qHk;rw,f/ tJ'DvkdqHk;raewJh yk*¾dKvfu wpfaeY uG,fvGefcgeD; usawmh 'Dpnf;pdrfOpömawGtay:rSm wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh avmbukd taMumif;cHNyD;awmh rdrdtdrfrSmyJ jyefNyD;awmh acG;jzpf&w,f/ 'Dw&m;emy&dowfxJrSm rdrd&JUpnf;pdrfOpömawGtay: wG,fwm wyfrufwJh yk*¾dKvfawG r&SdEkdifbl;vm;¿ &SdEkdifw,f/ ckvkd acwåcPvmNyD; w&m;tm;xkwfwJh tcsdeftcgrSmawmifrS ESpfqef;wpf&ufavmuf ESpf &ufavmufus&if aps;xGuf&r,fqkdwJh pdwfxm;jzifh pdwfapmaeMuwJh yk*¾dKvfawG r&SdMubl;vm;¿ &SdaeMuw,f/ tNyD;tykdifcJG&wm r[kwfao; bl;? cPacwå cJG&wm/ cPacwå cJG&rSm 'Davmufawmif pdwfawGu pGJvrf;aeao;w,fqkd&if tNyD;tydkif aemifwpfzefrawGUaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,fqdk&if pdwf"mwfawG b,favmuf pGJvrf;rvJ¿ awG;Munfh ayawmh/ tifrwefukd ESpfoufaewJh pnf;pdrfOpömç tifrwefukd ESpfouf jrwfEkd;aewJh om;awG orD;awG ZeD;awG? 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGESifh aemifwpfzef rawGUawmhaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,fç 'Douf&SdoufrJh umr0w¬K tpkpkawGESifh aemifwpfzef rawGUawmhaom cJGjcif;jzifh cJG&awmhr,f qkd&if b,fvkdjzpfrvJ¿ pOf;pm;MunfhMu? BudKwifcJGxm;zkdY raumif;bl; vm;¿ aumif;w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ rcJGEkdifwJh pdwfxm;ESifh aocJh&if ckeu awma',sykPÖm;BuD; acG;b0a&mufovkd rdrdvnf; ra&muf Ekdifbl;vm;¿ a&mufoGm;Ekdifw,f/ okdYaomf acG;qkdwmu 'g enf;enf; awmfao;w,fvkdY ajymEkdifw,f? 'DxuftqifhedrfhwJh i&JwkdY bmwkdYvnf; a&mufEkdifygw,f? 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'gayrJh b,fae&mrSm jr§KyfESHoGm;w,fqkdwmukd zcifu rajymMum;oGm; cJhbl; -- vdkY okbvkvifu jyefvnfavQmufxm;vdkufw,f/ tJ'D ypönf; 0w¬KawG &SdwJhtaMumif;ukd okbvkvifu avQmufxm;awmh bk&m;&Sifu okvvkvifudk tMuHay;jyefw,f -- tJ'DacG;ukd a&ra&mwJh EkdYCem xrif;ukd 0atmifauR;? auR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm tdyf&maumif;aumif; rSmodyf? odyfvkdY oltdyfraysmfhwaysmftcsdefrSm tJ'DacG;ukd oifar;Munfhyg?/tJ'DacG;u ypönf;awG b,fae&mrSm jr§Kyfxm;w,fqkdwmukd olvkdufNyD; jyvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dvkdbk&m;&Sifu trdefY&SdvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm okbvkvifu pOf;pm;w,f? ]uJ &Sifa*gwr ajymwJhpum; rSefcJhr,fqdk&ifvnf; igh ypönf;awG jyef&r,f? rrSefbl;qkdvkdY&Sd&ifvnf; &Sifa*gwrukd rkom0g'ESifh igESdyfuGyfr,f}qkdwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh olu tdrfukd 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzifh jyefoGm;vkdufw,f/ jyefoGm;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m; trdefY&SdwJhtwkdif; acG;udk a&ra&mwJh EkdYCemqGrf;awGudkauR;w,f? auR;NyD;wJhtcsdeftcgusawmh tdyf&maumif;aumif;rSm odyfw,f/ tdyfraysmfhwaysmftcsdefrSm acG;ukd ar;vkdufwJhtcg - 'DacG;uaeNyD;awmh pdwfrcsrf;romESifh okbvkvifukd olUypönf;awG jr§Kyfxm;wJhae&m tukefvHk;udk vkdufNyD;awmh ajcaxmufESifh ,ufNyD;awmh jyw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm wl;azmfMunfhvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm jr§KyfESHxm;wJhypönf;tm;vkH; jyefNyD;awmh &ygw,f? &vkdufwJhtcgusawmh okbvkvifvnf; pdwfxJ auseyfoGm;w,f/ auseyfrI &&SdwJhtwGuf ol b,fvdk pOf;pm;ovJ¿ -- b0y#dpäEéH emr {0H okckrH y#doE¨dtEÅ&H ygu#H orPó a*gwró? t'¨g {o oAÁnL/ (r-|-4-176/) b0wpfckjzifh zkH;uG,fxm;tyfwJh y#doaE¨wpfck jcm;uG,faewJh 'DavmufodrfarGUwJh taMumif;t&mwpfckrnfonf &Sifa*gwr&JU tod ÓPfrSm xif&Sm;aew,f? rcRwf{ueftm;jzifh þ&Sifa*gwr[m oAÁnKor®morÁK'¨bk&m;&Sif jzpfawmfrlygayw,fvdkY qkH;jzwfcsufcsEkdifwJhtwGuf bk&m;&Siftay:ü odyfMunfndKoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh - olu jyóem (14)&yfudk jyKpD&ifvdkufygw,f/ 'Dokbvkvif[m t*F0dZÆmtwwfü uRrf;usifwJholwpfa,muf jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh olU&JUoEÅmefrSm 'Dvdk pdwftMuHtpnf jzpfaew,f/ b,fvkdjzpfovJ¿ £'H "r®yPÖmum&H *a[wGm orPH a*gwrH yaO§ ykpädómrd/ £'H "r®yPÖmum&H = þw&m;vufaqmifudk/ *a[wGm = ,laqmifoGm;í/ orPH a*gwrH = &[ef;a*gwrudk/ yaO§ = jyóem wdkYudk/ ykpädómrd = ar;jref;avQmufxm;aytHh/ ]]'Djyóem (14)&yfqdkwJh w&m;vufaqmifudk o,faqmifNyD;awmh &[ef;a*gwrxHodkY csOf;uyfum jyóemwdkYukd ar;jref;avQmufxm;r,f}} 'Dvdk ESvkH;ykdufum 'kwd,tBudrf oGm;jcif;jzifh jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY csOf; uyfygw,f/ acG;vnf; aoNyD;awmh i&J a&mufoGm;w,fqkdMupkdY/ bmaMumifh owå0gawG[m ,kwfnHhMu&ovJ jrifhjrwfMu&ovJ¿ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm --- okbvkvifuaeNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh 'Dowå0gawG -- ,kwfnHhwJh owå0gawG jzpf&jcif;&JU taMumif;ç rGefjrwfwJhowå0gawG jzpf&jcif;&JUtaMumif;? bmawGtay: tajccHNyD;awmh jzpfay:&ovJqkdwmukd olu ar;cGef; (14)csuf pD&if NyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH avQmufxm;w,f/ b,fvkd avQmufxm;ovJ¿ ]]aum Ek acg abm a*gwr a[wk aum ypöa,m? a,e rEkómeHa,0 owH rEkóblwmeH 'dóEÅd [DeyÜPDwwm/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ a,e = tMuif taMumif; w&m;aMumifh (0g) tMuif taxmuftyHhaMumifh/ rEkómeHa,0 = vlwkdYonfomvQif/ owH = jzpfMuygukefvsuf/ rEkóblwmeH = vlom;jzpfí jzpfMuukefaom olwkdY\/ [DeyÜPDwwm = t,kwf tjrwfwkdY\ tjzpfukd/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ aom a[wk = xkd,kwfnHhaom owå0gjzpfzkdY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0gjzpfzkdY&ef wkduf½kdufjzpfay:apwwfwJh a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif; w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ aom ypöa,m = xkd,kwfnHhwJhowå0g jrifhjrwfwJhowå0g jzpfzkdY&m tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ jrwfpGmbk&m; ... avmurSm ,kwfnHhwJhowå0gawGvnf; &SdMu w,f? rGefjrwfwJh owå0gawGvnf; &SdMuw,f/ ,kwfnhHwJhowå0gawG jzpfzkdY&m rGefjrwfwJhowå0gawG jzpfzkdY&m wkduf½kdufjzpfay:apwwfwJh a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif;w&m;awGu bmawGygvJ? tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;awGu bmawGygvJvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd olu ar;w,f? qufNyD; awmhvnf; olu avQmufxm;jyefw,f/ jyóem (14) csuf 'dóEÅd [d abm a*gwr rEkóm tyÜg,kum? 'dóEÅd 'DCm,kum/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ tyÜg,kum = wkdaom touf&SdMuukefaom (0g) toufwkdMuukefaom/ rEkómyd = vlom; wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae&ygukef\/ 'DCm,kum = &Snfaom touf&SdMuukefaom (0g) touf&SnfMuukefaom/ rEkómyd = vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae&ygukef\/ ]]t&Sifa*gwr ...avmurSm touf&SnfwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? toufwkdwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd A0SgAm"m? 'dóEÅd tyÜgAm"m/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd &Sifa*gwr .../ A0SgAm"m = tema&m*g rsm;jym;aom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&ygukef\/ tyÜgAm"m = tema&m*guif;aom vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif Mu&ygukef\/ ]]tema&m*gxlajymwJhyk*¾dKvfawG vlom;awGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? tema&m*guif;aewJh vlom;awGukdvnf; awGU&ygw,f/}} 'dóEÅd 'kAÁPÖm? 'dóEÅd 0PÖ0aEÅm/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ 'kAÁPÖm = ½kyftqif; rvSMuukefaom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef \/ 0PÖ0aEÅm = ½kyftqif; vSyí aeMuukefaom vlom;wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ ]]tqif;vSwJh vlom;awGukdvnf;awGU&w,f? tqif;rvSwJh vl om;awGukdvnf; awGU&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd tayÜou©m? 'dóEÅd ra[ou©m/ (r-3-243/) tayÜou©m = ta>ct&H tausmftapmenf;yg;wJh vlom;wkdYukd vnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif&ygukef\/ ra[ou©m = ta>ct&H tausmf tapm BuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&yg ukef\/ ]]ta>ct&Henf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvfç wefckd;enf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvfç ausmfapm owif; enf;yg;aewJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&ygw,f? ta>ct&H rsm;jym;aewJhyk*¾dKvfç bkef;wefckd;BuD;rm;aewJhyk*¾dKvf 'Dvkdyk*¾dKvfawGukd vnf; avmurSm awGUae&w,f/}} 'dóEÅd tyÜabm*g? 'dóEÅd r[mabm*g/ (r-3-243/) tyÜabm*g = enf;yg;aom pnf;pdrfOpöm &SdMuukefaom vlom; wdkYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&ygukef\/ r[mabm*g = pnf;pdrf Opöm aygrsm;<u,f0wJh vlom;wkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifMu&yg ukef\/ ]]pnf;pdrfOpömenf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvf qif;&JwhJyk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU& w,fç pnf;pdrfOpömaygrsm;<u,f0wJh csrf;omwJh vlawGukdvnf; awGU jrifae&w,f}}wJh/ 'dóEÅd eDpukvDem? 'dóEÅd OpömukvDem/ (r-3-243/) eDpukvDem = ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;tEG,f&SdMuwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf; (0g) trsKd;,kwfnHhwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifaeMu&ygukef\/ OpömukvDem = trsKd;jrifhjrwfwJh yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifae Mu&ygukef\/ trsKd;jrwfwJh vlom;awG trsKd;,kwfnHhwJh vlom;awGukdvnf; avmurSm awGUjrifae&ygw,f/ 'dóEÅd 'kyÜnm? 'dóEÅd yn0aEÅm/ (r-3-243/) 'kyÜnm = ynmenf;yg;aom yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrif aeMu&ygukef\/ yn0aEÅm = ÓPfynmBuD;rm;aom yk*¾dKvfwkdYukdvnf;/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifaeMu&ygukef\/ avmurSm todtvdr®mÓPfynm tifrwef xlxkdif;wJh t-wJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; awGU&w,f? ÓPfynm tvGefBuD;rm;wJh ÓPfynm tvGefxufjrufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukdvnf; avmurSm awGUjrifae&w,f/ aum Ek acg abm a*gwr a[wk aum ypöa,m? a,e rEkómeHa,0 owH rEkóblwmeH 'dóEÅd [DeyÜPDwwmwd/ (r-3-243/) abm a*gwr = tkd t&Sifa*gwr .../ a,e = tMuif taMumif; w&m;aMumifh (0g) tMuif taxmuftyHhaMumifh/ rEkómeHa,0 = vlom;wkdYonfomvQif/ owH = jzpfMuygukefvsuf/ rEkóblwmeH = vlom;wkdY jzpfMuukefaom olwkdY\/ [DeyÜPDwwm = t,kwf tjrwf\ tjzpfukd/ 'dóEÅd = awGUjrifí aeMu&ygukef\/ aom a[wk = xdk ,kwfnHhaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&ef wkduf½kduf jzpfay:apwwfaom a[wktaMumif;w&m; ZeutaMumif; w&m;onfum;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ aom ypöa,m = xdk ,kwfnHhaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&efç rGefjrwfaom owå0g jzpfzdkY&ef tm;ay; axmufyhHaewJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; ypö,taMumif;w&m;onf um;/ aum Ek acg = tb,fygenf;/ £wd = þokdY ar;jref;avQmuf xm;vkdufavNyD/ aygif;vkdufawmh jyóemb,fESpfcsufvJ¿ (14)csuf/ bk&m;&Sif\ tajz ,kwfnHhwJhowå0g jzpf&jcif;ç rGefjrwfwJhowå0g jzpf&jcif;&JU t aMumif;t&if;awG[m bmawGvJ¿ jyefNyD;awmh ar;w,f/ tJ'Dvkd jyóem (14)ck ar;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS jrwfpGmbk&m;u ----- ur®óum rmP0 owåm ur®'g,m'g ur®a,meD ur®AE¨L ur®yÜ#do&Pm? ur®H oawå 0dbZwd ,'d'H [DeyÜPDwwm,mwd/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = okbvkvif .../ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ ur®óum = uHomvQif ukd,fykdifOpöm&SdMuayukef\/ ur®'g,m'g = uHomvQif tarGcHOpöm &SdMuayukef\/ ur®a,meD = uHomvQif taMumif;&if;ppf &SdMuayukef\/ ur®AE¨L = uHomvQif taqGcifyGef;ppf &SdMuayukef\/ ur®yÜ#do&Pm = uHomvQif ykef;atmif;vJavsmif; rSDckd&m &SdMuay ukef\/ ur®H = uHonf/ oawå = owå0gwkdYukd/ [DeyÜPDwwm,m = t,kwftnHhjzpfzkdY trGeftjrwfjzpfzdkYY&ef/ 0dbZwd = cJGjcm;a0zefí ay;ay\/ 'umawmf okbvkvif ...owå0gawG[m uHomvQif ukd,fykdif Opöm &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif tarGcHOpöm &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif taMumif; &if;ppf &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif taqGcifyGef;ppf &SdMuw,f? uHomvQif ykef;atmif;vJavsmif; rSDckd&m &SdMuw,f/ owå0gwpfOD; ,kwfnHhzkdY&ef twGuf uHu cJGwrf;csay;ygw,f/ owå0gwpfOD; jrifhjrwfzkdY&eftwGuf uHuyJ cJGwrf;csay;ygw,fvkdY --- 'Dvkd jrwfpGmbk&m;u tusOf;csKyf ajzawmfrlvkdufw,f/ bmjzpfvkdY tusOf;csKyfajz&ovJqkdawmh owå0gawG[m awmfawmf av; cufw,f/ txl;ojzifh ykPÖm;awGaygh/ olwkdYu a0'usrf;awGukd uRrf;usifwJh yk*¾dKvfawGjzpfawmh olwkdYukd olwkdY ynm&SdvkdY ,lqMuw,f?/tJ'Dvkd ynm&SdvkdY ,lqaewJh yk*¾dKvfawGukd jrwfpGmbk&m;u rsm;aom tm;jzifh rmefrmeukd usoGm;atmif tusOf;csKyfuav;ukd yxr a[m ay;ygw,f/ tusOf;csKyfa[mNyD;rS tus,fukd aemufxyf xyfNyD;awmh a[may;ygw,f/ yxruwnf;u tus,fukd a[mvkduf&if olwkdYu bmajymwwfMuovJ¿ - aMomf ...&Sifa*gwra[mwJh w&m;awG 'kdY odNyD;om;awGyJvkdY olwdkYu 'Dvkd vkyfwwfMuw,f/ avmurSm vlawGu cufom;yJ? pum;ajymMunfh&if awGUMurSm aygh/ wcsKdU pum;ajymvkdufvkdY&Sd&if olrodwm r&Sdbl;? oltukefodNyD; om;csnf;yJ/ tJ'Dvkd yk*¾dKvfawG avmurSm r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &SdMuygw,f?/'D twkdif;yJ? 'gaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;u cyfusOf;usOf;yJ a[mvkdufawmh olu em;rvnfbl;? em;rvnfwJhtwGuf jrwfpGmbk&m; ...bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlvkdufwJh w&m;u odyfusOf;aew,f? wynfhawmf em;r vnfjzpfaeygw,f? wynfhawmf em;vnfEdkifavmufwJh tjcif;t&m tm;jzifh tus,fa0zefNyD;awmh a[mMum;jyo qkdqHk;ray;awmfrlygvkdY xyfNyD; - qkdqHk;ray;awmfrl&eftwGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufxm; awmif;yefawmh bk&m;&Sifuvnf; tus,fcsJUNyD;awmh xyfNyD; a0zefNyD; a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ b,fvkda[movJ¿ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ awe [d = xkdokdY jzpfcJhyg rlum;/ okPm[d = emMum;ayawmh/ om"kuH = aumif;rGef½kdaopGm/ reodua&m[d = ESvHk;oGif;ayawmh/ bmodómrd = igbk&m; a[m Mum;jyoqkdqHk;ray;awmfrlaytHh/ 'Dvkdqkd&ifawmh emayaawmh? igbk&m; a[mawmfrlr,fwJh/ -- toufwdk&jcif;\ taMumif;&if; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok? aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpuf Murf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aomvuf tjrJ&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdw,f? &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm; &Sdaejyefw,f? olUvufukd MunfhvkdufvkdY&Sd&if owå0gawG&JU aoG;awGESifh tjrJwrf; vdrf;usH ayusHNyD;awmh aew,f? aoG;pGef;aomvuf tjrJ &Sdw,f/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬d 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpuf Murf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aom vuf&Sdonf/ [wy[aw = owfjzwfn§Of;qJjcif;trIü/ ed0da|m = ouf0ifíwnfaeonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ygPblawok = owå0gwkdY tay:ü/ t',myaEém = Muifemaom pdwfxm; r&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY ykwfcwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYrSm olUpdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; ouf0ifwnfaew,f/ avmurSm vlawG Munfhaygh - olwpfyg;pdwfqif;&Jatmif ajymvkduf& qkdvkduf&&if tm;& auseyfwJhyk*¾dKvfawG r&SdMubl;vm;¿ &SdMuw,f/ olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ae &wm ESdyfpufae&wmukdyJ pdwfxJrSm tifrweftm;&auseyfaewJh yk*¾dKvf awGvnf; &SdaeMujyefw,f/ tJ'Dvkd olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef; zkdY ESdyfpufzkdY vkyfief;&yfawGtay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf;ouf0ifwnf aew,f/ uav;b0ukd jyefMunfhvkdufaygh --- ykpOf;uav;awGudkzrf;ç ykpOf;zifNrD;uav;awGrSm BudK;av;csnf cJav;qJGNyD; vTwfvkduf&r,f qkd&if pdwfxJrSm b,fhES,faervJ¿ awmfawmfaysmfMuw,f? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ 'Dowå0guav;awGukd [kd[mESifh vkdufNyD;ykwf 'D[mESifh vkdufykwf 'D[mESifhvkdufypf cJESifhypf wkwfESifh½kduf ponfjzifh 'DvkdjyKvkyf& wmukd pdwfxJrSm tifrwef auseyfMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkd owå0gawGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJhtay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; udef;0yfwnfaew,f?/wcsKdU om;vkdufwwfwJh rkqkd;Munfhaygh? --- 'Dvkd rkqkd;vkyfief;&yfonf raumif;bl;qkdwmukd q&morm;awGuaomfvnf;aumif;ç rdbawGu aomfvnf;aumif; oGefoifqkH;rayr,fvkdY olu 'Dvkyfief;cGiftay:ü pdwf"mwfu tjrJwrf; udef;0yfNyD; wnfaew,fqkd&if olUukd 'Dvkyfief;&yf awGu wm;jrpfzkdY tifrwef cufcJw,f/ tJ'Dtwkdif;yJç tckowå0gwpfOD;u Munfhvkdufawmh trsKd;orD;yJ jzpfjzpf trsKd;om;yJjzpfjzpf olrsm;toufukd owf&rSm odyf0efrav; bl;? jcifwpfaumifudk owfvkduf&rSm 0efrav;bl;? olrsm; twif;tzsif; ajymNyD;awmh wpfa,mufacgif; wpfa,muf oef;&SmNyD; oef;wkwf&rSm vnf; 0efrav;bl;/ tJ'Dawmh &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sd aew,f? vufxJrSm aoG;awG tjrJwrf; pGef;aew,f? olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh vkyfief;&yfawGrSm ouf0ifwnf aewJh pdwfxm;&Sdaew,f? owå0gawG&JUtay:ü MuifemwJhpdwfxm; r&Sd bl;/ r&Sdawmh bmjzpfovJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) aom = xkdygPmwdygwuH xlajymíaewJh yk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhpkHíaeaom (0g) jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jznfhusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdygPmwdygwuHaMumifh/ awe uar®e = xkdtukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemuf umvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&m jzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmom qE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ ygPmwdygwuH OD;aqmifaewJh olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpuf wJhuH? owå0gawG tay:rSm MuifemwJhpdwfxm;r&SdwJh 'DtukokdvfuHawG? tJ'DuHawGukd jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jyKusifhxm;wJh jynfhjynfhpkHpkHaqmufwnfxm; wJh vGefusL;xm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m cE¨mukd,fysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumv ü csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&SdwJh raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&JNydKuJGysufpD;vsuf us a&muf&mjzpfwJh i&JokdY a&mufoGm;w,f/ i&Jukd b,folrS roGm;csifbl;? oGm;vkdwJh qE´"mwf wpfOD;rS r&Sdbl;/ i&JoGm;vkdwJh qE´"mwf r&SdayrJh a&mufroGm;&bl;vm;¿ a&mufoGm;&w,f? bmaMumifhvJ¿ aom awe {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée ... {0H orawåe = þokdY jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H orm'daEée = þokdY jynfhjynfhpHkpHk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyf aom/ awe uar®e = xkduHaMumifh ... jynfhjynfhpHkpHk rdrdvGefusL;í xm;tyfwJh tukodkvfuH? ygPmwdygw OD;aqmifaewJh tukokdvfuH? jynfhjynfhpHkpHkjyKusifhxm;wJh aqmufwnf xm;wJh 'DtukokdvfuHaMumifh ukd,fcE¨mysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumvü i&Ja&muf&SdoGm;NyD? tu,fí i&Jra&mufcJhbl;qkd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ odkYr[kwf taMumif;rvSvkdY i&Ju vGwfvmNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm bmjzpfrvJ¿ vlUb0 ckvkd vlUavmua&mufvmwJhtcg ----- aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? tyÜg,kaum a[mwd/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rI jyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmom qE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf &onf jzpfjim;tHh/ i&JokdY tu,fí a&mufroGm;bl;qkd&if bmjzpfovJ¿ rEkówåH = vltjzpfokdY (0g) vlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&SdvmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif b0ü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wpfzef jzpfay:ívm&ay\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdy#doaE¨tm;jzihf jzpfay:ívm&m þvlUavmuü/ tyÜg,kaum = wkdaomtouf&Sdonf (0g) toufwkdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vlUavmu taMumif;rvSvkdY a&muf&SdvmcJhr,fqdk&if - taMumif; uawmh vSoifhoavmufawmh vSygw,f/ rvSbl;qkdwmu wpfbufu ygPmwdygwuHawGuvnf; vGefusL;xm;vkdYajymwm? i&J ra&mufbJESifh tu,fí vlavmua&mufcJhr,fqdk&if a&mufav&mb0rSm bmjzpf ovJ¿ tyÜg,kaum a[mwd - toufwkdw,f/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwD a[mwd? vka'´g avm[dwygPd [wy[aw ed0da|m t',myaEém ygPblawok/ (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ a,m = tMuifolonf/ ygPmwdygwD = olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ vka'´g = &ufpufMurf;MuKwfaom pdwfxm; &Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ avm[dwygPd = aoG;pGef;aomvuf &Sdonf/ [wy[aw = owfjzwfn§Of;qJjcif; vkyfief;&yfü/ ed0da|m = ouf0ifí wnfaeaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ ygPblawok = owå0gwkdYtay:ü/ t',myaEém = Muifemjcif; uif;aom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ {om = þuJhokdYaom olUtoufukd owfjcif; tp&Sdaom vkyfief;&yfusifhpOf onf/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedum = wkdaomtoufukd jzpfapwwfaom/ y#dy'g = usifhpOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpfygay\/ toufwkdaMumif;jzpfwJh usifhpOf[m bmvJ¿ olUtoufukd owf jcif;ç olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;ç aoG;pGef;aom vuf&Sdjcif;ç owå0gawGtay:ü Muifemjcif; uif;wJh pdwfxm;&Sdjcif;? -tJ'D pdwfxm;awGonf bmjzpfovJ¿ toufwkdjcif;&JU taMumif;wpfck jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh toufwkdwm[mvnf; taMumif;r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdaeygw,f/ bmtaMumif;vJ¿ uHyJ/ uJ -- toufwkdwm taMumif; &Sdovkd touf&Snfwmusawmhaum taMumif;r&Sdbl;vm;qkdawmh --taMumif;&Sdjyefw,f/ touf&Snf&jcif;\taMumif; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd? (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" ye = þavmuü um;/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬d 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomf vnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwH = olUtoufowfjcif;ukd/ y[m, = pGefYy,fí/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufowfjcif;rS/ y#d0d&awm = a&SmifMuOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom wkwf&Sdonf jzpfí/ ed[dwoaw¬m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom vufeuf&Sdonfjzpfí/ vZÆD = raumif;rItukokdvf 'kp½kdufwkdYü &Sufaompdwfxm;&Sdonfjzpfí/ ',myaEém = owå0gwkdYtay:ü oem;jcif;okdY a&muf&Sdonfjzpfí/ oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD = tvHk;pHkaom owå0gwkdY\ tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfapmifha&Smufjcif; u½kPmw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkonfjzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;udk Munfhvkdufyg? trsKd;orD;yJjzpfjzpf trsKd;om;yJjzpf jzpf --- 'DvlUavmurSm aexkdifwJhtcsdeftcgrSm olUtoufukd b,fawmhrS rowfbl;? olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfukd olu a&SmifMuOf xm;w,f? y,fpGefYxm;w,f? olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh &nf&G,fcsufjzifh wkwfb,fawmhrS rukdifbl;? wkwfukd tjrJwrf; csxm; w,f? olwpfyg;awGukd owfjzwfzkdY n§Of;yef;zkdY ESdyfpufzkdYqkdwJh &nf&G,f csufjzifh vufeufukd b,fawmhrSrudkifbl;? vufeufukd tjrJwrf;csxm; w,f? owå0gawGtay:ü Muifemoem;wwfwJh u½kPmESifh ,SOfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sdw,f? owå0gawG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwae wJh tpOfoem;apmifha&SmufaewJh pdwf"mwfawG tjrJwrf; &Sdaew,f? wpfbufom;ukd tjrJwrf; ulnDzkdYtoifhyJ? wpfbufom;tay:uae NyD;awmh rdrdu tjrwfxkwf,lzkdYqkdwJh pdwfxm; r&Sdbl;? wpfbufom;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukdom rdrdu tjrJwrf; &Gufaqmifay;vkdwJh pdwfxm;&Sdw,f? EIdif;,SOfMunfhprf;? b,fpdwfxm;u rGefjrwfovJ¿ wpfbufom; rsuf&nfBuD;i,f usapwJh pdwfxm;u wpfbuf? wpfbufom;tay:rSm qif;&J'ku©rS xkwfaqmifu,fwifvkdwJh pdwf xm;u wpfbuf? ESpfbuf&Sdw,f/ b,fpdwfxm;u ykdaumif;rvJ¿ pOf;pm;Munfhaygh -- tcktcsdeftcgrSm rdrdwkdYu bmvkyfaeMuwmvJ¿ uHawGudk xlaxmifaeMuwmyJ? qef;Mu,fwJh yef;csDum;csyfuav;awG udk a&;qGJaeMuwmyJ/ 'Dvdk uHawGudk xlaxmifaeMuwmjzpfvdkY uHqef; Mu,fyHkESifh ywfoufNyD; cka[maewm/ uHqef;Mu,fvkdY&Sd&if owå0gawG qef;Mu,fw,fqkdawmh 'DuH w&m; qef;Mu,fatmif b,folu jyKjyifzefwD;ay;ovJvkdY ar;awmh pdwf"mwfu jyKjyifzefwD;ay;aewm/ pdwf"mwfawG qef;Mu,fNyDqkd&if owå0gawG jyKvkyfzefwD;aewJh uHawG qef;Mu,foGm;w,f/ uHawG qef;Mu,fNyDqkdvdkY&Sd&if tusKd;ay;wmvnf; qef;Mu,foGm;w,f/ tusKd; ay;csif;awG wlnDrvm;¿ rwlnDawmhbl;/ rwlnDyHkESifh ywfoufNyD; awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu 'D*'´KvA'¨okwåefrSm Oyrmuav;ESifh a[m Mum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ yef;csDum;csyfudk a&;qGJaecsdef ao,sxmyd bdu©a0 &Zaum 0g pdwåum&aum 0g &Zem, 0g vmcg, 0g [vd'´d,m 0g eDvd,m 0g rÍÆd|m, 0g oky&dra| zvau 0g bdwåd,m 0g 'kóya¥ 0g £w¬d½lyH 0g yk&do½lyH 0g tbdedr®dae,s oAÁ*Fypö*Ø H/ (oH-2-124/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ ao,sxmyd = jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmonfum;/ &Zaum 0g = aq;qkd;yef;½kduf orm;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ pdwåum&aum 0g = yef;csDaq;a&; q&monfaomfvnf;aumif;/ &Zem, 0g = qkd;&nfjzifhaomfvnf; aumif;/ vmcg, 0g = csdwf&nfjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ [vd'´d,m 0g = eEGif;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ eDvd,m 0g = tndKa&mifjzifhaomf vnf;aumif;/ rÍÆd|m, 0g = ndK0ga&maygif; armif;aomta&mifjzifh aomfvnf;aumif;/ oky&dra| = aumif;pGm tajytjypf jyKjyifí xm;tyfaom/ zvau 0g = ysOfjym;xufüaomfvnf;aumif;/ bdwåd,m 0g = eH&Hay:üaomfvnf;aumif;/ 'kóya¥ 0g = ydwfum;csyf ay:üaomfvnf;aumif;/ oAÁ*Fypö*Ø H = tvHk;pHkaom ukd,ft*FgBuD; i,fwkdYESifh jynfhpHkíaeaom/ £w¬d½lyH 0g = trsKd;orD;½kyfyHkukdaomf vnf;aumif;/ yk&do½lyH 0g = trsKd;om;½kyfyHkukdaomfvnf;aumif;/ tbdedr®dae,s = zefqif; ½kdufcs,f a&;cs,fav&m\/ uRrf;usifwJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform; wpfOD;aygh? rsm;aomtm;jzifh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform;awGuawmh ydwfuav;ukd aq;qkd; yef;½kduf vkyfief; jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ 'Dawmh ydwfum;csyfwpfckay:rSm uRrf;usif wJh yk*¾dKvfu aq;qkd;yef;½kdufvkyfief; jyKvkyfw,f? tvm;wlyJ eH&Hay: rSmyJjzpfapç ysOfjym;csyfwpfckay:rSmyJjzpfapç ydwfum;csyfwpfckay:rSmyJ jzpfap uRrf;usifvdr®mwJh yef;csDq&mwpfOD;uvnf; yef;csD½kyfawG a&;qJG w,f? tJ'Dvkd a&;qJGvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm ukd,ft*FgBuD;i,fwkdYjzifh tvHk;pHk jynfhpHkaewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk wpfckukd a&;qJGw,f? okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHk wpfckukd a&;qJGw,f/ tJ'Dvkd a&;qJGvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm a&;qJGaewJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduf orm; okdYr[kwf yef;csDq&mu uRrf;usif&if bmjzpfovJ¿ tifrwef tcsKd;ustqifajywJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkawG 'D yef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:vmw,f/ a&;qJGvkdufwJh aq;qkd;yef;½kduform; okdYr[kwf yef;csDq&mu ruRrf;usifwJhyk*¾dKvfjzpfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh bmjzpf ovJ¿ tifrwef tusnf;weft½kyfqkd;aewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk odkYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkawG 'Dyef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:rvmEkdifbl;vm;¿ ay:vm Ekdifw,f/ 'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ? cktcsdeftcgrSm owå0gawG[m yef;csDum;csyf uav;awG? udk,fykdifyef;csDum;csyfuav;awGudk cktcga&;qJGaewJh tcsdefyJ/ tJ'DrSm rdrdwkdY&JU ukd,fykdifyef;csDum;csyfuav;udk a&;NyDqdkvkdY &Sd&if 'Dyef;csDum;csyfxJrSm rdrdu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif a&;Ekdifr,fqdk&if tifrwef vSyacsmarmwJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHk ay:vmr,f? ruRrf;rusif rvdr®mbJESifh oGm;NyD; a&;qJGvkdufr,fqkdvkdY &Sd&if tifrwef tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;aewJh ½kyfyHkawG ay:rvmEkdif bl;vm;¿ ay:vmEkdifw,f/ tJ'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ tckrdrdwkdYu uHawGukd wnfaxmifzefqif;ae Muwmjzpfw,f/ tJ'DuHawGudk wnfaxmifzefqif;aewJh tcsdeftcgu av;rSm rdrdwkdY&JU wnfaxmifzefqif;rIu ruRrf;rusif rvdr®mvkdY pdwf xm;awGu tifrwef nHhzsif;aevkdY&Sd&if aemifwpfcsdef b0wpfckvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh yef;csDum;csyfxJrSm ay:vmrnfh ½kyfyHkawGu b,fvkd ½kyfyHkawG jzpfrvJ¿ tifrwef tusnf;wefwJh t½kyfqkd;wJh yHkpHuav;awG ay:vmEkdifw,f/ uHudk xlaxmifcJhpOfwpfcsdefu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrmESifh rdrdwkdYu a&;qJGEkdifcJhr,fqkd&ifawmh bmjzpfrvJ¿ b0ZmwfcHkvdkY ac:qdktyfwJh ydwfum;csyfay:rSm tifrwef acsmarm vSyaewJh trsKd;orD;½kyfyHk okdYr[kwf trsKd;om;½kyfyHkuav;awG ay:vm Ekdifw,f/ ck'DrSm ynmrsufpdumPf;aewJh tE¨Amv ykxkZef irkdufom;qkdwm&Sdw,f/ y&rwf ÓPfynmrsufpd r&Sdbl;? ½kyfw&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif; rSefpGm rodbl;? emrfw&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? taMumif; w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? taMumif;w&m;ESifh wuG 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpötcsufç 'ku©tcsufç tewåtcsufukd [kwf wkdif;rSefpGm rodbl;? tJ'Dvkd rodwmawGukd wpfyHkBuD;xrf;xm;aewJh 'D ykxkZef irkdufom;u olwnfaxmif zefqif;vkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if bmukd om olwnfaxmif zefqif;vkdY&rvJ¿ ykxkZefirkdufom; a&;qGJEdkifwJh yef;csDum;csyf {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 tókw0g ykxkZÆaem ½lyan0 tbdedAÁawåaEÅm tbdedAÁawåwd/ a0'ean0/ y / onan0/ ocFga&a,0/ 0dnmPan0 tbdedAÁawåaEÅm tbdedAÁawåwd/ (oH-2-124/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ {0ar0 acg = þOyrmtwl omvQif/ tókw0g = tm*rokw t"d*rokw[k ac:qkdtyfaom tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdaom ... tm*rokwqkdwmu oifodudk ajymwm? cE¨m-tm,we-"mwf- opöm-aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd oifod taeESifh odwm/ t"d*rokwqkdwmu tJ'D cE¨m-tm,we-"mwf- opöm-aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd usifhod taeESifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufNyD; odwm/ tJ'D tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdbl;/ a&S;wkef;uawmh -- 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGudk od&Sda&;twGuf q&morm;awGxHrSm oGm;NyD;awmh oifwJhtcg ckvkd pmtkyfawGESifh roifMum;&bl;? q&morm;uvnf; tvGwfcsay;w,f? wynfhuvnf; tvGwfvkdufNyD;awmh qkd&w,f/ q&morm;ajymwmukd em;ESifhem;axmif NyD; Mum;wJhtcgusrS oif,l&wJh pepfjzpfvdkY tJ'gudkawmY tMum;okw? tJ'DtMum;okwtaeESifh oifNyD;wJh 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd oifodtqifhuaeNyD;awmh rdrduwpfqifh wufNyD; usifhodtaeESifh odatmifBudK;pm;&w,f/ tJ'Dvkd BudK;pm;vkdufwJh tykdif;rSm wu,fwrf; vufawGUtm;jzifh 'DcE¨m-tm,we-"mwf-opöm-y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;awGukd rdrdu or®m'd|dÓPfynmESifh ukd,fwkdif rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodNyDqkd&ifawmh 'gukd t"d*rokwvkdYac:ygw,f? tJ'D tm*rokwukdawmh oifodjzpfvkdY tMum;? t"d*rokw ukdawmh usifhodjzpfvkdY ÓPfESifhjrifvkdY tjrifqkdNyD; 'Dvkdbmomjyefqdkxm; awmfrlMuw,f? tJ'D tMum;ESifh tjrif ESpfckaygif;NyD;awmh 'DA[kokw qkdwJh pum;vHk;ukd a&S;a&S;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;wdkYu tMum;tjrif A[k okw&Sdaom- qkdNyD; 'Dvkd bmomjyefqdkxm;awmfrlMuw,f/ ck'Dae&mrSm ajymif;jyefaygh? ]]tókw0g}} usawmh tJ'D tMum;tjrif A[kokw vkH;vkH;r&Sdbl;wJhaemf/ 'gaMumifh ----- bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ {0ar0 acg = þOyrmtwl omvQif/ tókw0g = tm*rokw t"d*rokw[k ac:qkdtyfaom tMum;tjrif A[kokw r&Sdaom/ ykxkZÆaem = ynmrsufpd umPf;í aewJh tE¨Amv ykxkZefirkdufom;onf/ tbdedAÁawåaEÅm = jzpfap cJhonf&Sdaomf (0g) jzpfatmifvkyfcJhonf&Sdaomf/ ½lyan0 = ½kyfw&m;ukd omvQif/ tbdedAÁawåwd = jzpfapEkdif\/ oljzpfatmifvkyfEkdifwm bmawGom jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifovJ¿ ½kyfw&m;ukdom jzpfatmifvkyfEkdifw,f/ tbdedAÁawåaEÅm = jzpfapcJhonf&Sdaomf/ a0'ean0 = a0'em w&m;ukdomvQif/ onan0 = onmw&m;ukdomvQif/ ocFga&a,0 = apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkwkdYukdomvQif/ 0dnmPan0 = todpdwf 0dnmPfw&m;ukdomvQif/ tbdedAÁawåwd = jzpfapEkdif\/ oljzpfatmif vkyfEkdifwm ½kyfukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? a0'emukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? onmukd jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkawGukdom jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? todpdwf 0dnmPf ukdom oljzpfatmif vkyfEkdifw,f? tJ'DxufykdNyD; jzpfatmif vkyfEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;r&Sdbl;? bmaMumifhvJ¿ ½kyfç a0'emç onmç ocFg&ç 0dnmPf ac:wJh 'DcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU csKyfNidrf;&mjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefukd oGm;w,fqkdwmu 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&mom jzpfw,f? 'DcE¨mig;yg;wkdY&JU taMumif;&if; ork',opömudk [kwfwkdif; rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&momjzpfw,f/ 'D 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh cE¨mig;yg;ç ork',opöm trnf&aewJh taMumif;w&m; 'DESpf&yfvHk;wkdY&JU tedpötcsufç 'ku©tcsufç tewå tcsufawGukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odaewJh olawmfaumif;wkdY&JU t&mom jzpfw,f/ rdrdu 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;udk vnf; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm rod? ork',opöm trnf&wJh 'ku©opöm&JU taMumif;w&m;awGudkvnf; [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rod? taMumif;w&m;ESifh wuG 'DcE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewå tcsufudkvnf; [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm rod/ tJ'Dvdk rodwmawGudk wpfyHkBuD; xrf;xm;wJhtwGuf ynmrsufpd umPf;aeNyD? ynmrsufpdumPf;aewJhyk*¾dKvfu oljzpfatmifvkyfEkdif&if bmudkom oljzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&rvJ¿ ½kyfw&m;ukd jzpfatmifvkyfvkdY &r,f? a0'em cHpm;rIw&m;awGudk jzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? rSwfom;rI onmw&m;awGukd jzpfatmifvkyfvkdY&r,f? apwemOD;aqmifaewJh apwoduf ocFg&w&m;pkawGukdom jzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? todpdwf 0dnmPfw&m;awGukdom oljzpfatmif vkyfvkdY&r,f? 'gayrJhvkdY ol jzpfatmif vkyfwJhtykdif;rSm 'DcE¨mig;yg;onf uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrf rmrmESifh rdrdu jzpfatmifvkyfcJh&ifawmh tifrwef acsmarmvSyaewJh cE¨mig;yg; jzpfay:vmr,f/ ruRrf;usifbJESifh tukokdvfw&m;awGukd wpfyHkBuD; xrf;NyD; cE¨m ig;yg;ukd jzpfatmifvkyfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh 'Djzpfay:vmwJh cE¨mig;yg;onf tifrwef tusnf;weft½kyfqkd;aewJh cE¨mig;yg;jzpfEkdifw,f/ ckMunfhaygh ckeu plVur®0db*FokwåefrSm wpfbufuyk*¾dKvf Munfhaygh? olUtoufukd owfavh&Sdw,f? aoG;pGef;aomvufawG tjrJwrf; &Sdw,f? owå0gawG tay:rSm Muifemoem;rI r&Sdbl;? 'Dvdkqdk&if oludk uRrf;usifw,f ac:rvm;? ruRrf;usifbl;ac:rvm;¿ ruRrf;usifbl;vdkY ac:&r,f/ cE¨mig;yg;ukd jzpfatmif a&;cs,fwJhae&mrSm olu uRrf;usifrI r&Sdbl;/ uRrf;usifrIr&SdwJh twGufaMumifh ol[m i&Ja&mufr,f/ tu,fí i&Jukd ra&mufbl;xm;? 'DuHu tusKd;ay;vkdY vlUb0 vlUavmu a&mufvmNyD qkd&if bmjzpfovJ¿ toufwkdw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd wnfaxmifzefqif;cJhpOftcgu rdrdu uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrm ESifh wnfaxmifzefwD;cJhwm r[kwfbl;aemf? ruRrf;rusifbJESifh rvdrf rrmESifh 'DcE¨mig;yg;ukd jzpfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;cJhw,f? olY toufudk owfcJhw,f? aoG;pGef;aomvuf &SdcJhw,f? owå0gwdkYtay:rSm Muifemoem;rIawG uif;cJhw,f? &ufpufMurf;MuKwfcJhw,f? b0ZmwfcHk ac:qdkwJh ydwfum;csyfay:rSm ruRrf;rusifbJ yef;csDum;csyfwpfckudk a&;qGJrdwmyJ/ olwpfyg;udk owfjzwfvsuf toufwdkatmif vkyfcJhrdwJh 'DtukodkvfuHawGaMumifh rdrdtouf vmwkd&jyefw,f/ toufwdkwJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS rdrdu touf&Snfcsifygw,fqdkNyD; xdkifidkaeaomf vnf; &ygOD;rvm;¿ r&Edkifawmhbl;/ aemufyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;usawmh olu enf;enf; uRrf;usifvmNyD? uRrf; usifwJhtwGuf bmjzpfovJ¿ touf&Snf&jcif;\ taMumif;&if; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd? (r-3-244/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ ygPmwdygwH = olUtoufowfjcif;ukd/ y[m, = y,fpGefYxm;í/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS/ y#d0d&awm = a&SmifMuOfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom wkwf&Sdonf/ ed[dwoaw¬m = csxm;tyfNyD;aom "m;vufeuf&Sdonf/ vZÆD = raumif;rI tukokdvf 'kp½kdufw&m;wkdYü &Sufjcif;&Sdonf/ ',myaEém = owå0gwkdY tay:ü Muifemoem;wwfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD = owå0gtm;vHk;wkdY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfoem; apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh ,SOfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf jzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ 'umawmf okbvkvif ...þavmurSm tcsKdUaom trsKd;orD;ç tcsKdUaom trsKd;om;[m olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfudk y,f pGefYxm;w,f? olUtoufowfjcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfrS tjrJwrf; a&Smif MuOfw,f/ owå0gawGudk n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufzdkYqdkwJh OD;wnfcsufjzifh wkwf udk b,fawmhrS rudkifbl;? "m;udk b,fawmhrS rudkifbl;? wkwfudk tjrJ wrf; csxm;w,f? "m;udk tjrJwrf; csxm;w,f? raumif;rI tukodkvf w&m; 'kp½kdufw&m;awGudk vGefusL;&rSm odyf&Sufwwfw,f/ olUtouf owf&rSm &Sufw,f? olUypönf; rw&m;,l&rSm &Sufw,f? olUom;r,m;udk zsufqD;&rSm &Sufw,f? rkom;pum; ajymMum;&rSm &Sufw,f? ao&nf ao&uf rl;,pfaq;0g;awGudk rSD0Jpm;aomuf&rSm &Sufw,f/ raumif; bl;vm; ---- odyfaumif;w,f odyfaumif;w,f/ bkef;BuD;wdkYuawmh 'Dpdwf xm;rsKd;uav;awGudk odyfNyD;awmh ESpfNcdKufw,f/ b0wpfckudk jrifho xufjrifhatmif jr§ifhwifay;aewJh pdwfxm;uav;awGyJ/ 'Dpdwfxm;u av;awGu omoemawmfrSm bk&m;&Sifu wynfhom0uawG edAÁmefwdkif awmufavQmufaumif;atmif csrSwfay;xm;wJh tajccHtkwfjrpfuav; awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl;? owå0gawG tay:rSm Muifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; tjrJ&Sdw,f/ --- owå0gtcsif;csif; wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; -- ]]uRef;udkif;rSD-udkif;uRef;rSD}} qdkovdk rSDwif;aexdkifMu&wJh 'D avmuxJrSm wpfOD;udk wpfOD;u Muifemoem;wwfw,fqdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm; uav;awG[m vlom;tcsif;csif; at;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJ aexdkifvdkMu w,fqdk&if r&SdrjzpfwJh pdwfxm;uav;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DMuifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; r&SdbJ &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh pdwfxm;om&Sdr,f qdk&if owå0gtcsif;csif; at;csrf;om,mpGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifzdkYqdkwm tvGef tvSrf;uGma0;aerSmyJ jzpfw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl; --- oAÁygPblw[dwmEkurÜD -- owå0gtm;vHk;wdkY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh,SOfaom pdwfxm;&SdNyD;awmh 'DavmuBuD;rSm aexdkifw,f --- odyfaumif;w,f odyfaumif;w,f/ wpfOD;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk wpfOD;u tjrJvdkvm;aer,fqdk&if wpfOD;udk wpfOD;u tjrJwrf; Muifemoem; apmifha&Smufaer,fqdk&if -- 'Dpdwf"mwfrsKd;&Sdol tcsif;csif;om tjrJwrf; ,SOfwGJNyD; aexdkif&r,fqdk&if avmuBuD;rSm aexdkif&wm tjrJwrf; at;csrf;NyD;aevdrfhr,f/ 'Dvdk rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awGaMumifh rdrd olwpfyg; ESpfOD; om;vHk;wdkY&JU oEÅmefrSm pdwfat;csrf;omrIawG jzpfay:vmEdkifw,f/ 'Dvdk rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awG jcH&HNyD;wmh uHwpfckudk jyKpkysKd;axmifcJh &ifvnf; 'DuHudk jcH&Hxm;wJh at;csrf;om,maewJh "mwfaiGUawGu tm;BuD;aomrSD&m Oyedó,ypö,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKay;vdkufwJhtwGuf 'DuHrSm pdwfat;csrf;omwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG udef;0yfNyD; wnfaeEdkifw,f/ touf&SnfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG udef;0yf NyD;wnfaeEdkifw,f/ txufuajymcJhwJh olUtoufudk owfavh&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU aexdkifyHk pepfESifh rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;&SdwJh 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JUaexdkifyHkpepfudk EIdif;,SOf Munfhyg --- avmurSm aexkdifrIpepfuav;awG wlovm;¿ rwlbl;/ aexkdif yHkpepf rwlwJhtwGufaMumifh tusKd;ay;csif;aum wlnDyghrvm;¿ rwl nDbl;/ 'gudkowdxm;Mu/ tcktcsdeftcgrSm bmudkvkyfaewmvJ¿ yef;csD um;csyfawGudk a&;qJGaewmyJ/ tJ'Dyef;csDum;csyfudk a&;qJGaewJh tcsdef tcguav;rSm rdrdwkdYu uRrf;usifvdrfrmrI&SdzdkY odyfNyD;awmh vkdtyfae w,f/ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-244/) aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þodkY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jznfhusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þodkY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdygPmwdygwuHrS a&SmifMuOfaMumif;jzpfwJh ukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf &mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyf a&muf&ay\/ uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrfrmrmESifh yef;csDum;wpfcsyfukd a&;qJG vkdufwJhtcsdeftcgusawmh 'Dyk*¾dKvfu b,fa&mufoGm;ovJ¿ ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY a&mufNyD;awmh ewfom; okdYr[kwf ewforD; oGm;jzpf &w,f/ pOf;pm;Munfhprf;? i&Ja&muf&wmESifh ewfjynfa&muf&wm b,f 'if;u aumif;ovJ¿ i&JrSm 'ku©vnf; cH&w,fç tusnf;wef t½kyf qkd;rIvnf; &Sdw,f? ewfjynfewfavmuusawmh csrf;omokcukdvnf; tjynfht0 uHtm;avsmfpGm cHpm;EkdifcGifh&Sdw,f? vlwkdY&JU½kyf&nf okdYr[kwf i&Jom;awG&JU ½kyf&nfESifh ewfjynfewfavmu ewfom;wkdY ewforD;wkdY&JU ½kyf&nfudk wkdif;wmEIdif;pmMunfhvkdufawmh b,fvkdaeovJ¿ tm;vHk; Mum;zl;MurSmyg? vlUjynfvlUavmurSm 'kwd,wef;pm; tacsmqHk; tvS qHk; owfrSwfxm;tyfwJh Zey'uvsmPDonfyif ewforD;awGESifh wkdif; wm EIdif;pmMunfhvkdufawmh bmjzpfaeovJ¿ ---- ta&cGHqkwfxm;wJh arsmuftkdrBuD;ESifh wlaew,fwJh? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ 'g[m bmaMumifh 'DvkdtifrwefacsmarmvSyaewJh ½kyfyHkav;awG ay:vm&ovJ¿ yef;csDum;csyfukd a&;qJGpOftcsdeftcgwkef;u uRrf;uRrf;usifusif vdrfvdrf rmrmav;ESifh a&;qJGcJhw,f/ 'Dawmh uav;awG b,fvkdwkef;? tusnf; wef t½kyfqkd;wmESifh tusnf;rwef t½kyfrqkd;wm b,f'if; aumif; ovJ¿ tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;wmu aumif;ovm;? BudKufwma&G;cs,f cGifh &Sdw,faemf/ 'Dawmh owå0gawGtay:rSm Muifemoem;wwfwJh pdwfxm;u odyfrGefjrwfw,f/ owå0gawG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tjrJwrf; vkdvm;awmifh waewJh 'Dpdwfxm;[m raumif;bl;vm;¿ aumif;ygw,f/ csrf;omMuygap? aumif;&mok*wd a&mufMuygap? edAÁmefa&muf&Sd Muygap? 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;[m raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;wJhpdwfxm;/ cPacwå wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; qHkMuw,f MuHKMuw,f awGUqHkMuw,f? awGUwJh MuHKwJh qHkwJh owå0gtcsif;csif; csrf;omapvdkwJhpdwfxm; tjrJ &SdMur,fqdk&if tEÅ&m,fqkdwm ay:Ekdifrvm;¿ ray:Ekdifawmhbl;? odyf aumif;w,f? odyfaumif;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DvkdjynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhxm; tyfwJhuHaMumifh ukd,fcE¨mysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumvü b,fa&muf rvJ¿ ewfjynfavmu a&mufEkdifw,f/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? 'DCm,kaum a[mwd/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H ygPmwdygwH y[m, ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd? ed[dw'a@m ed[dwoaw¬m vZÆD ',myaEém oAÁygPblwm[dwmEkurÜD 0d[&wd/ (r-3-244/) um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<uaovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð o*¾H avmuH = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh ewfjynf ewf avmuokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&mufcJh&onf jzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí qkdufa&mufcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif bHkb0ü tMuiftMuif vlavmuü tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypämZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd;tEG,fü xkdxkdvlUb0ü/ 'DCm,kaum = &Snfaom touf&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf&ay\/ ygPmwdygwuHu a&SmifMuOfcJhw,f? owå0gawGtay:ü Muifem oem;wwfwJh pdwfxm; &Sdw,f? tJ'DuHuaeNyD;awmh touf&Snfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;NyD;awmh ay;vkdufw,f? 'Dawmh owå0gwpfa,muf touf&SnfrIESifh toufwkdrIonf bmtay:rSm rlwnfaeovJ¿ -- uHtay:rSm rlwnfaew,f/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ ,'d'H ygPmwdygwH = tMuif ygPmwdygwtrIukd/ y[m, = y,fpGefYí/ ygPmwdygwm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS/ a,m y#d0d&awm = tMuifa&SmifMuOfjcif; onf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ed[dw'a@m = cstyfxm;aom wkwf&Sdonf/ ed[dwoaw¬m = cstyfxm;aom "m;vufeuf&Sdonf/ vZÆD = raumif; rI tukokdvf 'kp½kdufw&m;wkdYtay:ü &Sufjcif;&Sdonf/ ',myaEém = Muifemoem;aom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ oAÁygPblwm[dwmEkurÜD = owå0gtm;vHk;wkdY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufaom u½kPmESifh ,SOfaom pdwfxm;&Sdonfjzpfí/ 0d[&wd = aexkdif\/ rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ {om y#dy'g = þusifh0wf onfum;/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåedum = &Snfaom toufukd jzpfapwwf ygay\/ touf&SnfrIukd jzpfapwwfwmu olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfrIoabmom jzpfw,f/ tJ'Dawmh rdrdwkdYu touf&Snfcsif w,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if olUtoufukdowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&rvm; ra&Smif MuOf&bl;vm;¿ a&SmifMuOf&r,f/ uH (4) rsKd; tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm uHESifhywfoufNyD;awmh t|uxmq&mawmf u enf;enf;av; A[kokwtjzpf &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ 'Dtykdif;rSm uH av;rsKd;&Sdw,f/ OyyDVuuHç Oyapä'uuHç ZeuuHç Oyw¬rÇuuHqkdNyD; av;rsKd;&Sdw,f? OyyDVuuHqkdwmu uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJhuHyJ? Oyrm - ukokdvfuHwpfcku ckvkdvlUb0ukd y#doaE¨tusKd;ay;NyD;vl jzpfvmNyD qkdMupkdY? ukokdvfuHwpfckaMumifh tJ'DtusKd;ay;aewJh uHukd tm;enf;oGm;atmif uyfNyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh uHukd OyyDVuuHvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'DtusKd;ay;aewJh ukokdvfuHukd t&Sdeft0g usoGm;atmif vHk;vHk;jzwfawmufypfvkdufwJh uHukdawmh Oyapä'uuHvdkY ac:ygw,f? b0wpfckukd (y#doaE¨tusKd;ukd)jzpfay:apwwfwJh wkduf ½kdufjzpfapwwfwJh uHukdawmh ZeuuHvdkY ac:w,f/ tJ'D ZeuuHukd tm;aumif;atmif tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh uHukdawmh Oyw¬rÇuuHvdkY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm owå0gawG toufwkdatmif 'DuHu b,fyHkb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh jyKjyifzefwD;ay;ovJ qkdwmESifh ywfoufvkdY t|uxmu 'Dvdk &Sif;vif;zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ OyyDVuuH = uyfí EdSyfpufwwfaomuH Av0uar®e [d edAÁwåH y0awå OyyDVuH tm*EÉm tw¬awm {0H 0'wd emr/ (r-|-4-177-178/) tm;aumif;wJh ukokdvfuHwpfcku tusKd;ay;cGifhomvkdY vlUb0 vlUavmurSm y#doaE¨taetm;jzifh vma&mufNyD;jzpf&NyD? y#doaE¨ wnfaevkdY vlom;jzpfvm&wJh 'Dowå0gukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfh OyyDVu uHu rajymaomfvnf; ajymovdkayghaemf? teuft"dyÜg,ftm;jzifh vm ajymaeNyD/ b,fvdkvJ¿ opm[H yXrw&H Zmae,sH? e aw £" edAÁwådwkH 'a',sH? (r-|-4-178/) igom tu,fí odcJhr,fqdk&if eifhudk igb,fawmhrS 'DvlUavmu rSm jzpfcGifhudk ray;bl;wJh? rajymaomfvnf; 'DuHu ajymovdkyJ vlU avmurSm jzpfcGifhray;bl;wJh/ b,frSmom jzpfcGifhay;rvJ¿ -- pwloka,0 wH tyga,ok edAÁwåmay,sH/ (r-|-4-178/) 'DuHawGu ]]tyg,fav;bkHrSm eifhudk ig jzpfatmifvkyfr,f/}} tJ'Dvdk vmNyD; rajymaomfvnf; ajymovdk jzpfaew,f/ a[mwkç wGH ,w¬ uw¬pd edAÁwå (edAÁawåm)? t[H OyyDVuur®H emr wH yDaVwGm eda&mZH ed,loH uo#H u&dómrd/ (r-|-4-178/) eif vlUavmu jzpfcsifvnf; jzpfygapawmh? xm;vkdufawmh/ 'g ayrJh eif b,fae&mrSmyJjzpfjzpf eifhukd tm;enf;oGm;atmif igu uyf NyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufr,f/ tESpfr&Sdatmif igjyKvkyfr,fvkdYk rajym aomfvnf; ajymovkdyJ jzpfaew,f/ wawm y|m, wH wm'doH ua&mwd/ (r-|-4-178/) tJ'D OyyDVuuHu tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef uyfNyD;n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfh uHu tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcgtcGifhoifhwJh tcsdeftcguae pNyD;awmh n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufawmhr,f/ b,fvkd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufovJ¿ y&dó,H Oyaewd? abma* 0demaowd/ (r-|-4-178/) y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,f 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;ukd/ Oyaewd = uyfí aqmifay;\/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkYukd/ 0demaowd = zsufqD;ypf vkduf\/ 'D OyyDVuuHu 'Dvlom;wpfOD;ukd tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd; usa&muf vmatmif olu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;aew,f? pnf;pdrf OpömawG ysufpD;atmifvnf; 'DOyyDVuuHu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;aew,f?/uJ Munfhprf;? pOf;pm;Munfhprf; 'umBuD;awG 'umrBuD;awG? aMumufzkdY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f -- olu 'DuHuaeNyD; wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;vkdufNyDqkd&if 'Dae&m acsmarmygw,f qkdumrS tJ'Dacsmarm wJhvrf; rdrdoGm;&if tEÅ&m,fvmawGUw,f/ 'Dwpfacgufawmh vGwf avmufw,f xifNyD; oGm;vkdufwmaygh? bmjzpfoGm;ovJ¿ rvGwf jzpf oGm;w,f? bmawG rvGwfwmvJ¿ odrSmyg [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ bkef;BuD; 'Davmufajym&if y&dowfu ykdem;vnfr,fxifw,f? 'Dwpfcg vGwfNyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if igawmfNyD? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ tvSLawmh tBuD; tus,f vkyfvkdufr,fqkdNyD; tm;&yg;&ESifh cJNyD; oGm;vkdufwm rvGwf jzpfaew,f/ b,foluae rvGwfatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;ovJ¿ 'DOyyDVuuH = uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfhuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;ay; w,f? tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;ukd uyfNyD;awmh vmNyD;awmh aqmifay;w,f? b,fvkdaqmifay;w,fqkdwmukd t|uxmu enf;enf;av; xyf&Sif;jy xm;jyefw,f/ ww¬ 'g&uó rmwkukpäd,H edAÁwåumvawm y|m, rmwk tóma'g 0g okcH 0g e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) ww¬ = xkdvlUjynfvlUavmuü/ 'g&uó = xkdygPmwdygwuH xlajymaewJh uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpdä,H = trd0rf;wGif;ü/ edAÁwåumvawm = y#doaE¨wnfae&m tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ rmwk = rdciftzkdY/ tóma'g 0g = om,mrIonfvnf;/ e a[mwd = rjzpfay/ okcH 0g = csrf;omokconfrlvnf;/ e a[mwd = rjzpfay/ twdwfb0u aoG;pGef;aomvuf &SdcJhzl;wJh olUtoufudk owf avh&SdcJhzl;wJh owå0gwdkYtay:ü &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJhpdwfxm; &SdcJhzl;wJh 'Duav;oli,f[m rdcifwpfOD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm vmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨ wnfaeNyD? tJ'Dvkd y#doaE¨wnfaeNyDqkd&if 'Duav;y#doaE¨wnfae wJh tcsdeftcgumvupNyD;awmh rdcifvkyfwJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm om,m zG,fbmrS rawGUawmhbl;? csrf;omokcqkdwmvnf; olUrSm r&Sdawmhbl;/ rmwmydwleH yDVm0 OyÜZÆwd/ (r-|-4-178/) rmwmydwleH = rdbESpfyg;wkdYtm;/ yDVm0 = n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcH&wJh 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;onfomvQif/ OyÜZÆwd = jzpfay:ívm\/ rdbawGrSm 'Duav; ukd,f0ef&Sdvmuwnf;u pNyD;awmh tifrwef n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJh 'PfcsufawGudk cPcP cHae&w,f/ {0H y&dó,H Oyaewd/ (r-|-4-178/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ y&dó,H = ab;Oy'ftEÅ&m,fukd/ Oyaewd = uyfí aqmifydkYay;\/ OyyDVuuH (uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufrnfhuH)u vmNyD; aqmifykdYay; w,f/ ckeu ygPmwdygwuHyJ? owå0gawGtay:rSm &ufpufwwfwJh pdwfxm;yJ/ tJ'Dpdwfxm;awGuaeNyD;awmh tcgtcGifhoifhvmawmh ukd,f0ef&wJh rdb&SifawGukdyg uyfNyD;awmh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufNyD;awmh raumif;usKd;awGudk ay;aew,f? 'ku©trsKd;rsKd;a&mufatmif ykdYaqmif ay;aew,f/ 'g&uó ye rmwkukpädrSd edAÁwåumvawm y|m, a*a[ abm*g O'uH ywGm avmPH 0d, &mZm'DeH 0aoe eóEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpädrSd = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/ edAÁwåumvawm = jzpfay:vm&m tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ a*a[ = tdrfü/ abm*g = &SdorQ pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYonf/ O'uH ywGm = a&okdY a&muf&Sdaom/ avmPH 0d, = qm;uJhokdY/ &mZm'DeH = rif; paom &efolig;wefwkdY\/ 0aoe = pGrf;tm;aMumifh/ eóEÅd = ysufpD;í oGm;Mu&ukef\/ a&ç rD;ç rif;ç ckd;olç rcspfrESpfoufol tarGcHqkd;qkdwJh 'D&efol ig;wefwkdYaMumifh pnf;pdrfOpömawG ysufpD;oGm;w,f? a&xJa&mufoGm;wJh qm;onf ajyaysmufoGm;ovkd 'Duav;oli,fudk ukd,f0efvG,fvm&wJh tcsdeftcgupNyD;awmh rdbwkdY\ oEÅmefrSm &SdaewJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG tukefvHk; aysmufaysmufukefw,f? aMumufzkdY odyfaumif;w,f/ uJ aemufwpfck ----- ukrÇa'g[ea"Eka,m cD&H e a'EÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;EkdY xGufaewJh EGm;rBuD;awGawmifrS EkdY&nf rqif;awmhbl;? a[m'Duav;&JU tukodkvfuHaMumifh ul;pufoGm;yHkMunfh/ ol&wm a*gPm p@m a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) tifrwef &J&ifhaewJh EGm;awG tifrwef ckdif;vkdY r&atmif Murf; wrf;ukefw,f/ 'DtukokdvfuHaMumifh ----- umPm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;awG rsufpdumPf;ukefw,f/ ckZÆm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;awG ajcusKd;ukefMuw,f/ a*gr@av a&ma*g ywwd? (r-|-4-178/) EGm;jcHxJ Munfhvdkufr,f qkdvkdY&Sd&if EGm;awGrSm EGm;ESifhywfoufwJh a&m*gtrsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufvmw,f? ysufpD;zkdYjzpfvmw,f/ 'gom'a,m 0peH e ua&mEÅd? (r-|-4-178/) tdrfrSm ckdif;apaewJh uRefawG[mvnf; 'DrdbawG&JU pum;ukd em; raxmifMuawmhbl;/ wpfOD;aMumifh tm;vHk;ul;pufoGm;yHkav;yJaemf/ aemufwpfck ----- 0gydwH oóH e Zm,wd? (r-|-4-178/) 'Duav;udk,f0ef&SdwJh tcsdeftcgu pNyD;awmh pkdufysKd;xm;wJh v,f ,mrSm&SdwJJh pyg;awG[mvnf; toD; roD;awmhbl;? a[m - jzpfukefNyD/ a*[*wH a*a[ç t&n*wH t&an eówd? (r-|-4-178??) tdrfxJa&mufaewJh ypönf;awGvnf; tdrfrSm ysufpD;oGm;w,f? awmxJ&SdwJh ypönf;awGvnf; awmxJrSmyJ tm;vHk;ysufpD;ukefMuw,f/ ykd;ukdufvkdY ykd;xkd;vkdY ponfjzifh taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh ysufpD;ukefMu w,f/ tEkykaAÁe Cmopäm'erwåH 'kv’bH a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) wjznf;jznf;ESifh aemufqHk; 'DrdbESpfyg;rSm 0rf;0½HkawmifrS renf; &SmazG pm;aomuf&wJhtqifhtxd a&muf&SdoGm;w,f/ *AÇy&d[ma&m e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) bkef;uHenf;yg;aewJh 'Duav;oli,faMumifh 'Dukd,f0efukd xdef; odrf; apmifha&Smufay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ a&S;wkef;uawmh bkef;uHBuD;rm;wJh yk*¾dKvfrsm; ukd,f0ef&NyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if 'Dukd,f0efukd xdef;odrf; apmifha&Smufay;rnfh ta>ct&Hqkdwm oD;oefY&Sdvmw,f? bkef;uH tm;avsmfpGm ay:vmcJhwmyJ/ ck'DrSmusawmh bkef;uHu enf;yg;aeawmh uHu n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufxm;wJhtwGuf 'Dukd,f0efukd ab;uae apmifh a&Smufay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ 0dZmwumav rmwk xnH qdZÆwd? (r-|-4-178/) 0dZmwumav = uav;oli,f arG;zGm;ívm&m xkdtcsdeftcg umvü/ rmwk xnH = rdcif\ EkdY&nfonf/ qdZÆwd = jywfawmufí oGm;ay\/ uav;oli,f arG;zGm;vmNyDqkd&if rdcif EkdYrxGufawmhbl;? EkdY&nfawG tm;vHk; jywfoGm;w,f/ a[m.. uHrsm; b,favmuf qef;Mu,fovJ Munfh/ 'g&aum y&d[m&H tvbaEÅm yDVdawm eda&maZm ed,laom uoa#m a[mwd? (r-|-4-178/) uav;oli,fudk MunfhvkdufwJhtcgusawmh xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf ay;rnfh yk*¾dKvfvnf; r&Sdbl;? EkdY&nfuvnf; jywfoGm;wJhtwGuf aemuf qHk;awmh bmjzpfvmovJ¿ ckacwfawmh bmvJ? 'efYovGefoD;qkdvm; bmvm; ajymMuw,f? OD;yÍöif;'efYovGefoD;qkdvm; - wcsKdUu ajymMu w,f? ydefuyfNyD;awmh ajcmufaew,f? tqDtom;r&SdwJh uav;oli,f jzpfoGm;&w,f/ £'H OyyDVuur®H emr/ (r-|-4-178/) 'g[m uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufaewJhuHyJ? wu,faoatmifawmh rvkyfao;bl;? aemufwpfck -- ajymif;jyefvSefMunfhvkduf/ Oyapä'uuH = uyfí jzwfwwfaomuH 'DCm,kuuar®e ye edAÁwåó Oyapä'uur®H tm*EÉm tm,kH qdE´wd/ touf&SnfzkdY&eftwGuf twdwfu uHuav;u ykdYay;vkdY vlU jynf vlUavmuawmh a&mufvmwm -- rSefw,f? 'gayrJhvkdY aemufxyf Oyapä'uuHwpfcku ay:vmjyefw,f? Oyapä'uuH qkdwmuvnf; wjcm;[mawmhr[kwfbl;? ckeuç twdwfu olwpfyg;&JUtoufawGukd owfjzwfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcJhwJh uHyJ? tJ'DuHu &ifhusufvmwJh tcsdef tcgrSm ckeu tusKd;ay;aewJh vlUavmuvljzpfatmif vlUcE¨mig;yg; &&Sdatmif tusKd;ay;aewJh 'DukodkvfuHukd oluuyfNyD;awmh jzwfawmuf aew,f? tJ'DukokdvfuHu touf&SnfapwwfwJhuHyJ? twdwfu vGef usL;cJhwJh 'DygPmwdygwuHu Oyapä'uuHyJ? tJ'DuHu toufwkdap wwfwJhuHyJ? touf&SnfapwwfwJhuH&JU pGrf;tm;ukd toufwkdapwwf wJh 'DuHu vmNyD;awmh jzwfawmufypfvkdufw,f/ ,xm [d yk&daom t|Kob*reH uwGm o&H cday,s? wranm "Ekawm 0drkwårwåH rk*¾a&e y[&dwGm waw¬0 ygaw,s? (r-|-4-178/) &SpfOobavmuf &SdwJh c&D;wpfck qkdMuygpkdY? tJoavmuf &Spf Oobavmufc&D;ukd oGm;EkdifwJh jrm;wpfpif;ukd uRrf;usifwJh av;orm; wpfOD;u ypfNyD;awmh vTwfvkdufw,f/ tJ'DypfvTwfvkdufwJhjrm;ukd aemuf xyf uRrf;usifwJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u jrm;wpfpif;ESifh xyfNyD;awmh atmuf ukd usoGm;atmif ypfvTwfvkdufovkdyJ? aemufxyf wpfcg 'Djrm;ukd aqmufykwfESifh ½kdufNyD;awmh atmufukdusoGm;atmif ½kdufcsvkdufovkdyJ yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf&JU toufukdvnf; ckeu wif;ykwfBuD;ESifh xkNyD;awmh wkdoGm;atmifjyKvkyfvkdufovkd 'DuHu csufcsif; jzwfawmufypfvkduf w,f? tJ'Dvkd jzwfawmufvkdufwJhtwGufaMumifh bmjzpfvmovJ¿ {0H 'DCm,kuuar®e edAÁwåó Oyapä'uur®H tm,kH qdE´wd/ (r-|-4-178/) touf&SnfapwwfwJh vlUb0a&mufaMumif;jzpfwJh uH&JUpGrf;tm; uav;ukd 'DygPmwdygwuHvkdYac:qkdtyfwJh twdwfuwnfaxmifcJhwJh Oyapä'uuHu vmNyD;awmh oufwrf;udk wkdatmifjzwfawmufay;vkduf w,f/ b,fvkd jzwfawmufay;ovJvkdYar;awmh ----- apm&meH t#0ð ya0aowd? (r-|-4-178/) ckd;om;"m;jyawGukd awmtkyfxJukd a&mufatmif ykdYoGif;ay;vkduf w,f? 'DuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;vkdufw,f/ olu awmvrf;c&D; wpfckukd jzwfNyD;oGm;awmhr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if oloGm;rnhfvrf;c&D;rSm ckd;om; "m;jyawGu apmifhqkdif;aeatmif ckd;om;"m;jyawG&JU pdwf"mwfukd 'DuH u vIHUaqmfay;vkdufw,fayghaemf? "m;jyawGu [kdu toifhapmifhaeNyD/ aemufwpfck ----- 0gVrapäm'uH Mowma&wd? (r-|-4-178/) 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwfxm;ukd 'DtcsdeftcgrSm Murf;wrf;wJh ig;vdyfruef; &SdaewJh 'Da&xJudk ra&mufa&mufatmifç 'Da&xJ rqif;qif;atmif 'D uHu ykdYaqmifay;w,f/ uHqef;Mu,fyHk tawGUtMuHKwpf&yf bkef;BuD; tpif&GmrSm aepOftcgwkef;u ukvm;qkdwJh uav; oli,fuav;wpfa,mufudk awGUcJhzl;w,f/ olUuHu b,fvkdtaMumif; wkdufqkdifcJhw,fqkdwmawmh rajymwwfbl;? tpif&JU wpfbufurf;rSm pkef;ruRef;qkdwJh uRef;wpfuRef;&Sdw,f? tJ'DuRef;ukd oGm;wJhtcg acsmif; uav;wpfckukd olu jzwfjzwfNyD;ul;oGm;NyD;awmh tJ'DuRef;rSm v,foGm; vkyf&w,f/ ol&JUtrsKd;orD;ukd olu tJ'Dv,fawmukd oGm;pOftcgrSmç tJ'Dacsmif;ukd jzwfjzwfNyD;ul;pOftcgrSm ]]ig vGefcJhwJh b0wkef;u a&epfNyD;aocJhwm 'Dae&muav;yJ}}qkdNyD; ol cPcP ajymjyw,f/ tJ'Dae&muav;ukd rMumcP jzwfNyD; ul;aeusyJ/ wpfaeYawmh olu tJ'Dae&muav;ukd jzwful;w,f? tJ'Dae&mrSm a&u 'l;avmufyJ &Sdygw,f? 'l;avmuf&SdwJh ae&muav;rSm jzwful;&if; ESifh ol a&epfNyD; aooGm;&&Smygw,f/ 'Dae&mukd rqif; qif;jzpfatmif uHu wnfaxmif zefqif;ay;vkdufw,f/ 'l;avmufom &SdwJh a&[m aozkdYawmh raumif;bl;? 'gayrJh tJ'Dae&musawmh ol½kef;vkdY r&bl;/ bmjzpfvkdY ol ½kef;vkdY r&bl;vkdY odovJvkdY ar;awmhç olUaemufrSm olU&JU a,mufzac:rvm; 'umwpfa,mufygvmw,f? 'umwpfa,mufu aemufuae &yfMunfhaew,f? olu aU&Suae t&if ul;oGm;w,f? a& 'l;avmuf&SdwJh tJ'Dae&mudk a&mufwJhtcgusawmh ]]uRefawmf b,fvkd jzpfrSef; rodbl;}}qkdNyD; aemufukd vSnfhNyD; pum;ajymw,f? jyefqkwf vmcJhqkdawmh jyefqkwfvkdYvnf; r&awmhbl;? uRefawmf vIyfvkdY r&bl;vkdY olu vSrf;ajymvkdufw,f? ajymNyD; vJoGm;w,f? vJoGm;NyD; olUukd vkduf&Smw,f? ESpf&ufMumrS oGm;awGUw,f/ 'gyJ -- 'DuyfNyD; n§Of;yef; ESdyfpuf jzwfawmufrnfh uHwpfcku 'Da&xJ rqif; qif;atmif ykdYaqmifay;aew,f/ tnw&H 0g ye oy&dó,|meH Oyaewd? (r-|-4-178/) ab;tEÅ&m,f&SdwJhae&mwpfckckukd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f/tJ'DvkduHrsKd;ukd Oyapä'uuHvkdY ac:ygw,f? 'DOyapä'uuHukdyJ OyCmwuuHvkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufatmif 'DygPmwdygwuHu vkdufNyD;awmh ykYdaqmifay;ae w,f/ ZeuuHESifh Oyw¬rÇuuH aemufwpfck ZeuuHqkdwmuawmh y#doaE¨ukd wkduf½kdufjzpf apwJhuHrsKd;ukd ZeuuHvkdY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'D ZeuuHukd aemuf xyf tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh uHwpfck &Sdw,f? tJ'guawmh Oyw¬rÇu uHvkdY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'DOyw¬rÇuuHu b,fvkdtm;ay;axmufyHhovJ vkdY ar;awmh ----- tyÜabm*ukvm'Dok edAÁwåó abm*orÜ'g'du&aPe Oyw¬rÇuur®H Oyw¬rÇuur®H emr/ (r-|-4-178/) tm;ay;axmufyHhw,fqkdwmu ckvlUavmu vlUb0 a&mufvm wmu ukodkvfuHaMumifha&mufvmawmh 'DukokdvfuHukd ZeuuH = y#doaE¨pwJh 0dygufawGudk wdkuf½kdufjzpfapwwfwJh uHvdkY ac:w,f/ 'D ZeuuHudk tm;aumif;atmif tJ'D Oyw¬rÇuuHu axmufyHhay;w,f? tJ'DvkdaxmufyHhay;wJhtcgrSm b,fuHu axmufyHhay;ovJvkdYar;awmh twdwfu ukokdvfuHukd ukokdvfuH tcsif;csif;u jyefNyD;axmufyHhay; vkdufw,f? taxmuftyHhcH&wJhuHu ZeuuHç tm;ay;axmufyHhwJhuHu Oyw¬rÇuuHyJ/ tJ'Dvkd axmufyHhay;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm taMumif; rvSvkdY pnf;pdrfOpöm rJGawaewJh rdbESpfyg;xHrSm oGm;NyD; y#doaE¨ae& w,fyJxm;awmhç twdwfu olUtoufukdowfjcif; tp&SdwJh ygPmwdygwuHawGudk a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;ç owå0gawG&JU csrf;omtusKd; pD;yGm;ukd tjrJwrf;apmifha&SmufcJhwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;ç owå0gawG&JU tusKd; pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh pdwfxm;&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD; - tJ'Dyk*¾dKvf wpfOD;onf tJ'Dpdwfxm;ç tJ'DuHuav;u vlUb0rSm vlcE¨mukd,fjzpfap wJhuHukd tm;aumif;oGm;atmif olu axmufyHhay;vkdufw,f? pnf;pdrf Opöm qif;&JEGrf;yg;aewJh rdbxHrSm oGm;NyD; y#doaE¨aecsif ae&ygap? pnf;pdrfOpömawGESifh jynfhpHkvmwJh csrf;om<u,f0wJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;jzpfatmif 'Dtm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇuuHu vSrf;NyD;awmh axmufyHhaew,f? olUtoufukd rowfbJESifh a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhpdwfxm;ç olwpfyg;awG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwcJhwJh pdwfxm;ç olwpfyg;awGtay:rSm Muifemoem;wJhpdwfxm; - tJ'Dpdwfxm;awGu pnf;pdrfOpömawG csrf;om <u,f0vmatmif 0kdif;NyD;awmh axmufyhHay;w,f/ 'Dvkdqkd&if ykdufqH b,fESpfjym;ukefovJ¿ pOf;pm;Munfhprf;? pdwf"mwfudk jyKjyifajymif;vJ ay;zkdY raumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ olUtoufudk rowfbJESifh a&SmifMunfcJhwJh pdwfxm;u rdrd&JU toufudk &Snfatmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ olwpfyg;&JUtusKd;pD;yGm;udk vdkvm;awmifhwcJhwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrd&JUtusKd;pD;yGm;udk vdk;vm;awmifhwwJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk 0dkif;0dkif;vnfae atmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? pnf;pdrfOpömawGESifh jynfhpHk<u,f0 wJh vlcsrf;omBuD;wpfOD; jzpfatmif wnfaxmif zefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ olwpfyg;wdkYudk csrf;omapvdkwJh BuD;yGm; apvdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrdcsrf;omzdkY BuD;yGm;zdkY taMumif;wpfck jzpfae w,f/ olwpfyg;awGudk Muifemoem;wJhpdwfxm; tusKd;pD;yGm;udk rysuf pD;atmif tpOfoem;apmifha&SmufvdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrdudk Muifem oem;rnfholawG aygrsm;vmatmif rdrdtusKd;pD;yGm;awGudk rysufpD; atmif tpOfoem;apmifha&Smufay;rnfh olawmfaumif;awG aygrsm; vmatmif wnfaxmifzefwD;ay;w,f? taxmuftyHhawG ay;w,f/ 'Dvdkqdk&if --- ckvdk rGefjrwfwJhpdwfxm;awGESifh olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJh pdwfxm; - 'DESpfrsKd; b,fpdwfxm;u ydkaumif;ovJ¿ u½kPmESifh ,SOfaewJh pdwf"mwfu ykdNyD;awmhaumif;w,f? olwpfyg; awG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;awGukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh pdwfxm;awGu ykd aumif;w,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'DuHav;rsKd;&SdwJhteufu ----- ukodkvf ESifh tukodkvf £arok pwlok yk&drmed a'G tukovmae0? (r-|-4-178/) ckeu Oyapä'uuHESifh OyyDVuuH? 'DuHESpfcku tukodkvfuHawGyJ/ ZeuH ukovrÜd tukovrÜd? (r-|-4-178/) wkduf½kduf y#doaE¨ukd jzpfapwwfwJh ZeuuH qkdwmuawmh ukodkvfuHvnf;&Sdw,f? tukokdvfuHvnf;&Sdw,f/ vlom;awGtwGuf uawmh ukodkvfuHyJ? tyg,fom; owå0gawGtwGufuawmh tukokdvf uHyJ? ewfawGç jA[®mawG twGufvnf; ukokdvfuHygyJ/ Oyw¬rÇuH ukovar0/ (r-|-4-178/) tm;ay;axmufyHhaewJh Oyw¬rÇuHqkdwmuawmh ukokdvfuHom jzpfw,f/ ww¬ ygPmwdygwur®H Oyapä'uuar®e tyÜg,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-178/) ygPmwdygwuHu ckeu ukokdvfuHuaeNyD;awmh tusKd;ay;ae cJh&if 'DukodkvfuHukd olu jzwfawmufwJh taeeJY toufwkdapwwf w,f/ ygPmwdygwdem 0g uwH ukovur®H OVm&H e a[mwd? (r-|-4-178-179/) aemufwpfck xyfzGifhw,f/ -- ygPmwdygwdem = olUtoufukd owfavh&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ uwH = jyKtyfwJh/ ukovH ur®H = ukokdvfuHonfum;/ OVm&H = BuD;us,f zGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfwJhtusKd;&Sdonf/ e a[mwd = rjzpf/ 'gejyKwmcsif; wlw,fxm;? ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJh yk*¾dKvf&JU'geESifh ygPmwdygwuHukd rvGefusL;wJh yk*¾dKvf&JU'ge - 'DESpfck wkdif;wmEIdif;pmMunfhvkduf&if ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJhyk*¾dKvf&JU 'geonf tqifhrjrifhbl;? ygPmwdygwuHukd vGefusL;aewJhyk*¾dKvf&JU'ge onf BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfwJhtusKd;ukd ray;Ekdifbl;wJh -- aemf? [kd 'gElyywådokwåefrSm bk&m;a[mxm;ygw,f/ oDv&SdrSom awmif;wJhqkjynfhEdkifw,f owå0gwpfOD;u tifrwefcsrf;om<u,f0aewJh rif;olaX;ol<u,f awG ykPÖm;olaX;ol<u,fawG *[ywdolaX;ol<u,fawGukd jrifawGU &wJhtcg igvnf; 'Dvkdjzpf&&if aumif;rSmyJqkdwJh pdwfxm;uav; ay: vmw,f? jzpfap&r,fqkdwJh pdwf"mwfukd aqmufwnfw,f? aumif;rI ukokdvfukd jyKw,f? tJ'Dvkd jyKvkdufwJh tcsdefrSm 'Daqmufwnfxm;wJh pdwfxm;ç jzpfcsifwJhpdwfxm;ç jzpfvkdwJhqkawmif; awmifhwcsufaMumifh 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf olarQmfvifhawmifhwaewJh rif;olaX;ol<u,f ykPÖm;olaX; ol<u,f *[ywdolaX;ol<u,fwkdY&JU taygif;tazmftjzpfokdY wpfaeY awmh a&mufoGm;w,f/ 'gayrJh b,fvkdyk*¾dKvfom a&mufEkdifovJ¿ wÍö acg oDv0awm 0'grd? aem 'kóDvó/ £ZÑwd bdu©a0 oDv0awm apawmyPd"d 0dok'¨wåm/ (tH-3-71/) wÍö acg = xkduJhokdY a&muf&jcif;onfvnf;yJ/ oDv0awm = oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvftm;/ t[H = igbk&m;onf/ 0'grd = a[mawmfrl\/ 'kóDvó = oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvftm;/ t[H = igbk&m;onf/ aem 0'grd = a[mawmfrrl/ 'Dvkduyfa&muf&wJh csrf;om<u,f0&wJh 'Dvkdb0wpfckukd uyf a&mufcJh&w,fqkdwm oDv&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfukdomvQif igbk&m; a[mygw,f? oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfukd igbk&m;ra[mbl;? bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ 0dok'¨wåm = oDvpifMu,f aeonfhtwGufaMumifh/ oDv0awm = oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf\/ apawmyPd"d = pdwf\awmifhwcsuf[lorQonf/ £ZÑwd = rcRwf{uef NyD;pD;jynfhpHkwwfay\/ oDvawG pifMu,faewJhtwGufaMumifh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwf&JU awmifhwcsuf rSeforQonf rcRwf{uef NyD;pD;jynfhpHkwwfw,f/ tvm; wlyJ - pwkr[m&mZf wm0wðom ,mrm wkodwm edr®me&wd y&edr®dw 0o0wDå ac:wJh ewfjynfajcmufxyf a&mufvkdcJhw,fqkd&ifç jA[®mhjynf a&mufvkdcJhw,fqkd&ifvnf; oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU oDvwnf;[laom ajr ay:rSm &yfwnfNyD; jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh uHawGuomvQif a&mufap EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJhtaMumif; qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f/ 'Dawmh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU ukokdvfuHESifh oDvr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf&JU ukokdvfuHonf wlnDwJhtusKd;&Sdrvm;¿ r&Sdbl;? 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(r-|-4-179/) 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð = touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨ukd/ ZaewHk = jzpf aptHhaomiSm/ e oauúmwd = rpGrf;Ekdif/ ygPmwdygwtrIudk vGefusL;aewJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu wnfaxmifzefqif;vkdufwJh ukodkvfuHonf touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨ukd jzpf apEkdifwJh pGrf;tm; r&Sdbl;/ olUtoufukd owfaewJhyk*¾dKvf&JUoEÅmefrSm olwpfyg;&JU toufukd wdkoGm;apvdkwJh pdwfxm;u &SdaeNyD; jzpfw,f/ 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;u rdrd toufwkdzdkY&ef taMumif;wpfck jzpfaew,f/ 'DvkdqkdvkdY&Sd&if touf&Snfcsif&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ ygPmwdygw uHawGudk a&SmifMuOfzkdY vkdw,f? olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufvkdwJh pdwfxm;uav;awGudk jyKjyifajymif;vJypfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ touf&Snfwkdif; aumif;w,fvkdY bkef;BuD; rajymvkdygbl;? okdYaomf rdrdu b0ukdvnf; qHk;atmif rvkyfEkdifao;vkdY oHo&m c&D;wpfckukd qufp&m &Sdaeao;w,fqkd&ifawmh toufwkdwmESifh touf&Snfwm b,f'if; u aumif;rvJ¿ touf&Snfwmu aumif;w,f/ usef;rmwmESifh rusef;rmwm b,f'if;u aumif;rvJ¿ usef;rmwmu aumif;w,f/ 'gukd ajymvkd&if;yg? b0wpfck[m odyfaumif;w,fvkdY csD;rGrf;aewm rsKd;awmh r[kwfygbl;/ {0H ygPmwdygawm tyÜg,kuoH0wåedaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ ygPmwdygawm = olUtoufukd owfjcif;[k ac:qkdtyfwJh ygPmwdygwuHonf/ tyÜg,kuoH0wåedaum = touf wkdjcif;ukd jzpfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ olUtoufukdowfwJh ygPmwdygwuHu toufwkdapw,f qkdwm 'DvkdyHk 'Denf;vrf;tm;jzifh toufwkdapwmyg/ bmawGvJ¿ --- ab; tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;awG usa&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? pnf;pdrf OpömawG ysufpD;atmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? tEÅ&m,f&SdaewJh ae&mawG ukd a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;w,f? aornfhae&mawGukd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;w,f? 'Dvkd qkdvkdwm/ b,fae&moGm;oGm; tEÅ&m,fESifh awGUw,f? tEÅ&m,fawGUatmif 'DuHu wnfaxmifzefqif;NyD;awmh ay;w,f/ y#doE¨dar0 0g ed,marwGm tyÜg,kuH ua&mwd? (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf;ajym&ifawmh -- y#doE¨dar0 0g = y#doaE¨ukdyifvQifaomfvnf;yJ/ ed,marwGm = owfrSwfí/ tyÜg,kuH = toufwkdatmif/ ua&mwd = jyKvkyf ay;wwf\/ y#doaE¨ tcsdeftcg umvwnf;uaeNyD;awmh toufwkdatmif udk wnfaxmifzefwD;ay;vkdufw,f? wcsKdUqkd Munfhaygh - arG;uwnf;u roefrpGrf;uav;awGjzpfrvmbl;vm;¿ jzpfvmw,f? arG;uwnf;uae NyD;awmh tema&m*guav;awG xlajymvmw,f? toufwkdapwwfwJh uHuaeNyD;awmh toufwkdatmif wnfaxmifzefqif;ay;vkdufw,f? toufwkdatmif y#doaE¨rsKd;aph csay;vkdufw,f? wpfenf;tm;jzifh ajym&&ifawmh tifrwef tema&m*gxlajymaewJh rdbawGxHrSm oGm;NyD; awmh y#doaE¨ae&w,f? rdbawG&JUa&m*g 'Dom;orD;awGrSm ul;pufNyD; rvmbl;vm;¿ ul;pufvmw,f? 'DyHkpHrsKd;jzpfw,f/ 'g - uHuaeNyD;awmh ykdYaqmifay;vkdufwm/ oEéd|meapwem, 0g ed&a, edAÁwåwd? ykAÁmy&apwem[d 0kwåea,e tyÜg,kaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf; ajymr,fqdk&ifawmh olUtoufukdowfwJhtcsdef tcgrSm wu,fwrf; owfjzwfwJYtcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:aewJh pdwfapwemukd oEéd|meapwemvkdY ac:ygw,f/ wu,fowfr,fvkdY qHk;jzwfcsuf csNyD; owfvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:vmwJh pdwfapwemawGyJ/ tJ'D pdwfapwemawGu i&JrSmjzpfapw,f? rowfrDaU&Sykdif; owfNyD;wJh aemufykdif;rSm xyfNyD;awmhvnf; 'DtukokdvfuHawGukd tm½Hk,lNyD;awmh raumif;wJh tukokdvfpdwfapwemawG rjzpfMubl;vm;¿ jzpfMuw,f/ tJ'DaU&Sykdif; aemufykdif;rSm jzpfay:aewJh tukodkvf pdwfapwemawG aMumifhvnf; toufwkd&w,fvkdY 'Dvkd rSwf&r,f/ uJ -- toufwkdwJh tykdif;NyD;awmh touf&SnfwJhtykdif;ukdvnf; bk&m;&Sifu qufvuf a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f? t|uxmuvnf; zGifhqdkxm;jyefw,f/ tJ'DrSm touf&SnfyHkESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh b,fvkd jzpfay:vmovJ¿ touf&SnfapwJh Oyw¬rÇuuH y&dwåuar®eyd edAÁwåH y0awå {wH ygPmwdygwm 0d&wdur®H tm*EÉm tw¬awm {0H 0'wd emr -- (r-|-4-179/) tm;aysmhaewJh uHwpfckaMumifh vlUb0rSmvmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨ aeNyDyJ xm;OD;awmh? tJ'Dvkd y#doaE¨ae&wJh tcsdeftcgrSm wpfcsdefwkef; u rdrduvlUavmu&SdpOftcgu olUtoufukdowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOf cJhw,f? a&SmifMuOfvkdufwJh 'DygPmwdygwuHuç a&SmifMuOfwJh ukodkvf apwemuav;u teuft"dyÜg,foabmtm;jzihf 'Dvkd vmajymjyae w,f? b,fvkdvJ¿ opm[H yXrw&H Zmae,sH? e aw £" edAÁwådwkH 'a',sH? a'0avmaua,0 wH edAÁwåmay,sH/ (r-|-4-179/) tu,fí igoma&S;OD;pGm odcGifh&cJhr,fqdk&if oifhukd ig 'DvlUjynf vlUavmurSm b,fawmhrS jzpfcGifhray;bl;? ewfjynf ewfavmurSmyJ oifhukd ig jzpfcGifhay;r,fvkdY rajymaomfvnf; ajymovkdjzpfaew,f/ a[mwkç wGH ,w¬ uw¬pd edAÁwå (edAÁawåm)? t[H Oyw¬rÇuur®H emr xrÇH aw u&dómrd/ (r-|-4-179/) uJjzpfapawmh? oif b,fae&mrSmyJjzpfjzpf jzpfcsifwJhae&mrSm jzpf ygap? ig[m oihfukd tm;aumif;vmatmif tm;ay;axmufyHhr,f qkdNyD;awmh wkdifBuD;wpfwkdifu rSD&mtjzpfESifh aus;Zl;jyKay;ovkd 'D ygPmwdygwvkyfief;&yfrS a&SmifMuOfrIqkdwJh ukodkvfapwemuvnf; touf &SnfoGm;atmif vmNyD;awmh tm;ay;axmufyHhw,f/ b,fvkd tm;ay; axmufyHhovJvkdYar;awmh ---- y&dó,H emaowd? abma* OyÜga'wd/ (r-|-4-179/) y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,fukd/ emaowd = zsufqD;ypf\/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkYukd/ OyÜga'wd = jzpfap\/ ab;tEÅ&m,fawGukd ysufpD;apw,f? pnf;pdrfOpömawGukd jzpfap w,f/ b,fvkdjzpfapovJ¿ ww¬ 'g&uó rmwkukpäd,H edAÁwåumvawm y|m, rmwmydwleH okcar0 omwar0 a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) ww¬ = xkdvlUjynfvlUavmuü/ 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpäd,H = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/ edAÁwåumvawm = jzpfwJh tcsdeftcgumvrS/ y|m, = pí/ rmwmydwleH = rdbESpfyg;wdkYtm;/ okcar0 = csrf;omokconfomvQif/ a[mwd = jzpfay:ívmay\/ omwar0 = om,mzG,ftm½kHtrsKd;rsKd;onfomvQif/ a[mwd = jzpfay:ívmay\/ 'Duav;oli,f rdcif0rf;wkdufrSm y#doaE¨wnfaecsdeftcgumv rS pí rdbESpfyg;rSm csrf;omokctrsKd;rsKd;om jzpfay:vmw,f? om,m zG,ftm½Hkç ESpfoufzG,fç jrwfEkd;zG,f tm½HktrsKd;rsKd;omvQif jzpfay: vmw,f/ a,yd yuwd,m rEkóm rEkóy&dó,m a[mEÅd? aw oaAÁ ty*päEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) yifukd,fyuwdtm;jzifh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufaewJh vlawG? bDvl;awG tp&SdwJh ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;awG&SdMuw,f? tJ'DtEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd; awGrSm tukefvHk; ab;&SJoGm;Muw,f/ tjrJwrf; 'ku©ay;aewJhvlawGu 'ku© ray;EkdifMuawmhbl;? 'Duav;bkef;uHaMumifh tjrJwrf;'ku©ay;aewJh ewfawGç bDvl;awG[mvnf; 'ku©ay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; r&SdMuawmhbl;/ 'Duav;&JU bkef;uHaMumifhyJ/ bmbkef;uHvJ¿ olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvfuH&JU bkef;uHyJ/ ukodkvfukdyJ bkef;uHvdkYac:wmyg? bkef;uHqkdwmu ykn? aumif;rIukodkvfyJ/ tJ'Daumif;rIukokdvf&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh 'DtEÅ&m,fawG tukefvHk; ab;&SJoGm;Muw,f/ {0H y&dó,H emaowd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ y&dó,H = ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;ukd/ emaowd = zsufqD;íay;\/ bkef;BuD;i,fpOf ausmif;om;b0wkef;u tawGUtMuHKuav;wpfck &SdcJhzl;w,f? bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;b0ESifh bkef;BuD;ausmif;rSm qGrf;tkyf xrf;&w,f/ wpfaeY v,fawmwpfckrSm qGrf;tkyfoGm;xrf;&w,f? tJ'D aeY v,fawmrSm wpftdrfwpfa,mufqkdNyD;awmh olBuD;u qifhac:vdkY vlawGxGufvmMuwmESifh qHkrdw,f/ a&S;acwfuayghav? olBuD; &Sdw,f/ olBuD;uae wpftdrfwpfa,muf "m;awG? wkwfawGESifh xGuf&r,fqkdNyD; tdrfawGqifhac:vkdufawmh vlawG wpftdrfwpfa,muf "m;awGç wkwf awGESifh xGufvmMuw,f/ 'geJY qGrf;csufwJh qGrf;trBuD;ukd ar;Munfh w,f? bmjzpfwmvnf;qkdawmh tJ[kdbufrSmwJh vlwpfa,mufukd owf oGm;vkdY? owfoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvfukd vkdufNyD;awmh &SmaeMuw,fvdkY 'DqGrf; trBuD;u ajymjyw,f/ xl;jcm;csufuav;wpfckudk ajymcsifw,f/ awm eif;&SmaeMuwJhtcgrSm wpftdrfwpfa,mufusESifh vlawG qifhNyD; awm eif;NyD;awmh vkduf&Smawmh --- awmvnf; odyfr&SdvSbl;? v,fuGif;yJ? tJ'Dv,fuGif;xJrSm 'Dvlukdvkduf&Smwm &SmvkdYrawGUMubl;? 'DowfwJh 'umBuD;uvnf; bkef;BuD;ESifh cifygw,f? aemufykdif; olESifhqHkawmh ar; Munfhw,f? bmvkyfaeovJqkdawmh olu tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm v,fawm rSm v,fawG&dyfaewJhtcsdefjzpfawmh aumuf½kd; ½kd;jywfawG&Sdw,f? ½kd;jywf uav;ukd txHk; (9)xHk; xHk;NyD;awmh ykwD;vkd olu uGif;av;vkyfvkdufNyD; awmh tJ'DtxHk; (9)xHk;ukd ykwD;vkyfNyD; *kPfawmf (9)yg;udk xkdifNyD;awmh pdyfaewmyJ? "m;awGç wkwfawGESifh olUem;rSm vlawGtukefvHk; jzwfoGm; aew,f? tJ'DvlawGu olUukd rjrifbl;? olu 'DvlawGukd tukefvHk; jrifaew,fvdkY olu ajymjyw,f/ tJ'g bmvJ¿ 'gyJ/ bkef;BuD; ajymcsifwmu 'Db0rSm ygPmwdygwuHudk vGefusL;wm rSefayrJhvkdY twdwfu olUrSm ygPmwdygwuHudk a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvf uHuav;u &Sdaew,f? 'DukodkvfuHuav;u olUukd tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh ab;tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;ukd ab;&SJoGm;atmif ykdYaqmifay;vkdufw,f? 'gaMumifh tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh owå0gawGu olUukd rjrifbl;? oluomvQif tEÅ&m,fay;rnfh owå0gawGukd jrifaew,f/ aemufwpfckuawmh bk&m;*kPfawmfudk yGm;aewJh ukodkvfuHyJ/ 'DukodkvfuHuvnf; twdwf u ygPmwdygwuHrS a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukodkvfuHudk tusKd;ay;cGifh omatmif vrf;cif;ay;aew,f? taxmuftyHh ay;aew,f/ ypöKyÜef ukodkvfuHudk trSD&wJhtwGuf twdwfuHuvnf; tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef tcg tcGifh ydkNyD;omoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh twdwf ukodkvfuHawGu tusKd; ay;cGifhomatmif ypöKyÜefrSmvnf; ukodkvfuHawGudk rsm;rsm;xlaxmifzdkY vdkw,f/ aemufwpfck --- 'g&uó ye rmwkukpädrSd edAÁwåumvawm y|m, a*a[ abm*geH yrmPH e a[mwd? (r-|-4-179/) 'g&uó = uav;oli,f\/ rmwkukpädrSd = rdcif0rf;Mumwkdufü/edAÁwåumvawm = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&m tcsdeftcgumv rS/ y|m, = pí/ a*a[ = tdrfü/ abm*geH = pnf;pdrfOpömwdkY\/ yrmPH = twkdif;twm yrmPonf/ e a[mwd = r&Sday/ uav;oli,f ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdefu pNyD;awmh rdb&JUtdrfrSm pnf;pdrfOpömawG&JU wkd;wufrI twkdif;twm yrmPonf r&Sdawmhbl;? odyfBuD;yGm;vmw,f? rdbawG vkyfcif;ukdifcif;awG odyfatmifjrifvm w,f/ ed"dukrÇda,m yk&awmyd ypäawmyd a*[H y0wårmem y0dóEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) jr§Kyfxm;wJh a&Ttkd;aiGtkd;awG[m aU&Saemuf0J,mt&yf tukefvHk;rS tdrfxJukd vSdrfhNyD;awmh 0ifvmovkd ay:vmMuw,f/ rmwmydwa&m ya&[d Xydw"eóyd or®Kcdbm0H *päEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) rdbESpfyg;wdkYu olwpfyg;awGxHrSm a&S;wkef;u tyfESHxm;cJhwJh ypönf;awG &SdMuw,f/ ckacwftajymESifh ajym&ifawmh twkd;csxm;wJh ypönf;yHkpHrsKd;aygh? tJ'D ypönf;awGukd r&bJ &Sdaewmuae ckbkef;uH&Sif uav;oli,fwpfOD; ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdeftcgumvu pNyD;awmh -'Dpnf;pdrfOpömawG[m 'DrdbawG&JUrsufarSmufukd tvG,fwul a&muf&Sd vmMuw,f? ray;bJ raeEkdifMuawmhbl;? ay;csifwJhpdwfxm;awG ay: vmw,f? ay;vnf; ay;qyfMuw,f/ aemufwpfck ---- a"Eka,m A[kcD&m a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) EGm;rawGMunfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if EdkYawGtrsm;BuD;xGufvmw,f/ a*gPm okcoDvm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) EGm;awGMunfhvkduf&if EGm;awG&JU ukd,fusifhw&m;u odyfaumif; oGm;w,f? ckdif;vkdY apvkdY odyfaumif;vmw,f/ 0yÜ|mae oómed orÜZÆEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) v,fawm Munfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if pkdufysKd;xm;wJh v,fcif;rSm pyg;awG toD;tESHawGu odyfNyD;awmh atmifjrifvmw,f/ 0×d,m 0g orÜ,kwåHç wm0umvduH 0g 'dEéH "eH tapm'dwm o,ar0 tm[&dwGm a'EÅd? (r-|-4-179/) twkd;ay;xm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG okdYr[kwf cPacwå acs;iSm; xm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG[mvnf; twkd;csxm;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGu odkYr[kwf acs;iSm;xm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGu tvG,fwuleJY vmNyD;awmh ay;Muw,f/ 'gom'a,m ok0pm a[mEÅd? (r-|-4-179/) tdrfrSmckdif;apaewJh uRefa,mufsm; uRefrdef;rawGukd Munfhvkduf r,fqkdvkdY&Sd&ifvnf; ajympum; qkdpum; odyfNyD;awmh em;axmifMu w,f? 'g uav;&JU bkef;uHyJ/ aemufwpfck ----- ur®EÅm e y&d[m,EÅd? (r-|-4-179/) tvkyform;awG Munfhvkdufr,fqkdvkdY&Sd&if vkyfcif;ukdifcif;rSm a&omckdaewmrsKd; vHk;vHk;r&SdMubl;/ tvkyfukd jynfhjynhf00vkyfMuw,f/ 'g&aum *AÇawm y|m, y&d[m&H vbwd? (r-|-4-179/) uav;oli,fudk ukd,f0efvG,fwJh tcsdeftcgupNyD; 'Dukd,f0ef rysufpD;atmif xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufay;rnfhyk*¾dKvfawG ab;utrsKd;orD;awG trsm;BuD;ay:vmw,f/ aumrm&dua0ZÆm oEéd[dwm0 a[mEÅd/ (r-|-4-179/) uav;oli,fudk aq;ukoay;rnfh trsKd;orD;aq;q&m trsKd;rsKd; aygh? ckacwftajymESifh ajym&ifawmh trsKd;orD; q&m0efawGayghaemf? trsKd;orD;q&m0eftrsKd;rsKd;awG[m toifhpnf;a0; a&mufvmMuw,f/ *[ywdukav Zmawm ao|d|meHç trpöukvm'Dok Zmawm aoemywd|mem'Ded vbwd/ (r-|-4-179/) 'g&aum = uav;oli,fonf/ *[ywdukav = *[ywdtrnf &wJh olaX;ol<u,frsKd;ü/ Zmawm = arG;zGm;cJhonf&Sdaomf/ ao|d|meH = olaX;&mxl;udk/ vbwd = &&dSEdkif\/ 'Duav;oli,f[m *[ywd olaX;ol<u,frsKd;rSm oGm;NyD; vljzpfcJh r,fqdk&if olaX;&mxl; &Ekdifw,f/ 'g&aum = uav;oli,fonf/ trpöukvm'Dok = trwftrsKd; tEG,f ponfwkdYü/ Zmawm = arG;zGm;cJhonf&Sdaomf/ aoemywd|mem'Ded = ppfolBuD;&mxl;ponfwkdYukd/ vbwd = &&SdEkdif\/ trwfrsKd;rSm arG;zGm;cJhr,fqdk&if ppfolBuD;&mxl;ukd &&SdEkdifw,f? rif;rsKd;rSm arG;zGm;cJhr,fqdk&if &Sifbk&if&mxl; &Ekdifw,f? 'Dvkd qkdvkdw,f/ {0H abma* OyÜga'wd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ abma* = pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYukd/ OyÜga'wd = jzpfay:ap\/ olwpfyg;toufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfcJhwJhuHwpfcku 'DyHk'Dyef; 'Denf;vrf;tm;jzifh pnf;pdrfOpömtrsKd;rsKd;ukd jzpfapw,f? jzpfatmif jyKjyifay;w,f/ aom ty&dóa,m oabma*g pd&H ZD0wd/ (r-|-4-179/) aom = xkduav;i,fonf/ ty&dóa,m = ab;&ef r&SdbJ/ oabma*g = pnf;pdrfOpömESifh jynfhpHkuHkvHk&onfjzpfí/ pd&H = MumjrifhpGm/ ZD0wd = touf&Snf&\/ ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;vnf; olUrSmuif;w,f? pnf;pdrfOpömtrsKd;rsKd; awGESifhvnf; jynfhpHkw,f? pnf;pdrfOpömvnf; jynfhpHkNyD;awmh &SnfjrihfpGm aom tcsdeftcgumvywfvHk; touf&Snf&w,f/ {0H tygPmwdygwur®H 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0H = þokdYvQif/ tygPmwdygwur®H = olUtoufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfaMumif;jzpfwJhuHonf/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH = &Snfaom toufukd jzpfapwwfonf (0g) touf&Snfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ 'Dvkdqkd&if touf&SnfcsifwJh yk*¾dKvfawG olUtoufukd owf&r vm; rowf&bl;vm;¿ rowf&bl;? vkdtyfw,f? vkdtyfw,f --- 'g pdwf"mwfjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;yJ/ tygPmwdygwdem 0g uwH tnrÜd ukovH OVm&H a[mwd? (r-|-4-179/) 0g = aemufwpfrsKd;aomfum;/ tygPmwdygwdem = olUtoufukd owfavhr&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ uwH = jyKpkysKd;axmiftyfwJh/ tnrÜd ukovH = tjcm;wpfyg;aom ukokdvfw&m;onfvnf;yJ/ OVm&H = BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfaomtusKd;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ aemufwpfrsKd; ajymOD;r,f ---- olUtoufukd owfaewJh yk*¾dKvf wpfa,mufjyKwJh aumif;rIukokdvfuHESifh olUtoufukdrowfbJESifh a&Smif MuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh ukokdvfuHvdkY ukodkvfuHESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tJ'DukokdvfuHESpfrsKd; &SdwJhteufu olUtoufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkduf wJh tjcm;tjcm;uHawGvnf; &SdMujyefw,f/ tjcm;tjcm;uHqkdwm olU toufukd owfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfwJhuHrSwpfyg; wjcm;wjcm;ukokdvfuH tm;vHk;yJ/ 'DuHawGonf ---- OVm&H = BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK;rsm;jrwfwJh tusKd;tmedoif&Sdw,f/ 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð ZaewkH oauúmwd? (r-|-4-179/) 'DCm,kuy#doE¨ð = touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;ukd/ ZaewkH = jzpfaptHhaomiSm/ oauúmwd = pGrf;Ekdif\/ y#doaE¨rsKd;aphuav;xJu touf&SnfEkdifwJh rsKd;aph"mwfpGrf;tm; awG 'DxJrSm uyfNyD;awmh ygvmw,f/ 'DygPmwdygwrS a&SmifMuOfwJh ukodkvfuHu touf&SnfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tifawGudk y#doaE¨rsKd;aphxJrSm jr§KyfESHay;vdkufw,f/ 'DuH&JUpGrf;tifrsm;u y#doaE¨tusKd;udk ay;aewJh uHudk touf&SnfapwJhpGrf;tifjynfh0vmatmif axmufyHhay;vdkufw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DuHawGu touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;udkjzpfapzdkY&ef pGrf;tif jynfh0vmw,f/ {0rÜd 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) {0rÜd = þokdYvnf;yJ/ 'DCm,kuoH0wåeduH = touf&SnfaprIukd jzpfapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ olUtoufukd rowfbJ a&SmifMuOfaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJhuHonf 'DyHktm;jzifh touf&Snfw,f? touf &SnfrIudk jzpfapwwfw,f/ y#doE¨dar0 0g ed,marwGm 'DCm,kuH ua&mwd/ (r-|-4-179??) y#doE¨dar0 0g = y#doaE¨ukdyifvQifaomfvnf;yJ/ ed,marwGm = owfrSwfí/ 'DCm,kuH = touf&Snfjcif;ukd/ ua&mwd = jyKvkyfí ay;wwf\/ y#doaE¨ukdvnf; touf&SnfwJh y#doaE¨rsKd;jzpfatmif 'DuHu owfrSwfcsuf ay;vkdufw,f/ owfrSwfNyD;awmh touf&Snfatmif jyKjyifzefwD;ay;vkdufw,f/ [kdbufu okwåefwpfck -- trnfawmh arhaew,f? owå0gawG trd0rf;wGif;rSm y#doaE¨wnfae&NyD; arG;zGm;vmwJh owå0gESifh trd 0rf;wGif;rSm y#doaE¨wnfaeNyD;awmh trd0rf;wGif;rSmyJ aoausysufpD; &wJhowå0g? 'DESpfck EIdif;,SOfvkdufr,fqdk&if trd0rf;wGif;rSm aoaus ysufpD;&wJh owå0gu ykdNyD;rsm;w,fvkdY bk&m;a[mxm;wJh okwåefwpfck &Sdygw,f/ ckvkdolawmfaumif;wpfOD; qkdMuygpkdY? ukd,fusifhoDvawG jzLpif aewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;ukd uHwpfcku y#doaE¨tusKd;udk ay;vkdufNyD qkd&if trd0rf;wGif;rSm aoausapwwfwJh uHrsKd; b,fawmhrS rjzpfap &bl;? trd0rf;wGif;rSm raoaus rysufpD;&atmif 'DuHu owfrSwf csuf ay;vkdufw,f/ oEéd|meapwem, 0g a'0avmau edAÁwåwd? ykAÁmy&apwem[d 0kwåea,e 'DCm,kaum a[mwd/ (r-|-4-179/) aemufwpfenf; ajym&r,fqkdvkdY&Sd&ifawmh olwpfyg;toufukd rowfjzwfawmhygbl;vkdY qHk;jzwfcsufcsNyD; a&SmifMuOfvdkufwJh tJ'D oEéd|meapwemu ewfjynfewfavmurSm y#doaE¨tm;jzifh oGm;NyD; jzpfay: apEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/ olwpfyg;toufukd rowfawmhygbl;vkdY pdwf qHk;jzwfcsufrcscif aU&Sykdif;rSm a&SmifMuOfzkdY&efjzpfaewJh pdwfapwemawGç aemufydkif;rSm a&SmifMuOfNyD;wJh tcgrSmvnf;jzpfay:vmwJh pdwfapwem awG &Sdw,f? ukokdvfpdwfapwemawGyJ/ tJ'D apwemawGuvnf; ckeu ajymcJhwJhtwkdif; vlUjynf vlUavmurSm vmNyD;awmh y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wnfaecJh&r,fqdk&if touf&Snfapwwfygw,f/ £rdem ea,e oAÁyO§0dóZÆaeok taw¬m a0'dwaAÁm/ (r-|-4-179/) 'Djyóemukd ajymqkdcJhwJhtzGifhtwkdif; aemufvmrnfh jyóem? [tm;vHk;aygif; (14)csuf&SdwJhteufu ck (2)csufyJ ajym&ao;w,f] tJ'D<uif;usefaeao;wJh jyóem (12) csufwkdYrSmvnf; 'DyHkpHukd enf;rSD NyD; od&SdygvkdY t|uxmu zGifhqdkxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh enf;enf; pum;pyfrdatmif jyefNyD;awmhajymr,f .../ okbvkvifu jrwfpGmbk&m;udk jyóem (14)ck ar;cJhw,f? tJ'D (14)ck ar;wJhtxJrSm bmaMumifh touf&Snf&ovJ¿ bmaMumifh toufwkd &ovJ¿ 'Dar;cGef;ESpfckvnf; ygw,f/ toufwkdjcif;onf ygPmwdygwuHudk vGefusL;cJhvkdYç touf&Snf&jcif;onf ygPmwdygwuHawGudk a&SmifMuOfcJhvkdY 'DvdkjrwfpGmbk&m;u jyefNyD;awmh tajzay;ygw,f/ ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;&JU ar;cGef; 'Dae&mrSm -- udk,fusifhjzLpifjrifhjrwfwJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvdkufwJh 'geukodkvfuHESifh udk,fusifhoDv ysufpD;aewJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u jyKpkysKd;axmifvdkufwJh 'geukodkvfuHwdkY&JU uGmjcm;wJh tusKd;w&m;&SdyHkESifh qufpyfNyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh ZmPkaomPd okwåef (tH-3-478/) qdkwJh okwåefwpfck &Sdygw,f/ tJ'DokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh taMumif;t&mtcsKdUudk twdkcsKyfNyD; xyfajymOD;r,f --- wpfcsdefrSm AdrÁdom&rif;BuD;&JU yka&m[dwfq&mBuD;jzpfwJh ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;u bk&m;&SifxHcsOf;uyfNyD;awmh ar;cGef;wpfckar;yg w,f/ b,fvdkar;ovJ¿ --- t&Sifa*gwr ... wynfhawmfwdkYykPÖm;awG[m ]]þtvSLonf uG,fvGefNyD;ukefaom aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYxHodkY uyfa&mufygap? þtvSL udk uG,fvGefukefaom aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYonf oHk;aqmifMuygap}} -- qdkwJh OD;wnfcsufESifh tvSL'geawGudk jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ aooludk &nfpl; NyD;awmh ukAÇD;xrif;wdkYudk jyKvkyfMuygw,f/ tJ'DtvSL[m uGefvGefoGm; MuwJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGxHodkY qdkufa&mufygovm;¿ uG,fvGefoGm;Mu wJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awG[m 'DtvSLudk oHk;aqmifMu&ygovm;¿ 'Dvdk ZmPkaomPdykPÖm;BuD;u bk&m;&Siftm; aooludk &nfñTef; í vSL'gef;tyfwJh tvSL'geESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh ar;cGef;awGudk ar;jref; avQmufxm;w,f/ bk&m;&Sif\ tajz tJ'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu --- Xmae acg jAm[®P OyuyÜwd? aem t|mae/ 'umawmfykPÖm; ... 'Daumif;rIukodkvf[m a&mufoifhaom t&mXmeü a&mufw,f? ra&mufoifhaom t&mXmeü ra&mufbl; -vdkY cyfusOf;usOf;yJ tajz ay;awmfrlvdkufygw,f/ usOf;vGef;awmh ykPÖm;BuD;u xyfNyD; &Sif;vif;a[mMum;awmfrl&ef awmif;yefjyefw,f/ 'DtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu tus,fa0zefNyD; a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygw,f/ 'Da'oemawmf&JU vdk&if;uawmh 'Dvdkyg .../ i&J-wd&pämef-Nydwåm-vlUjynf-ewfjynfqdkwJh *wdig;wef&SdwJh txJ u -- aovGefoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvf[m raocif vlUb0wkef;u 'kp½kdufrsKd;pHkudk vufoGufoGuf vGefusL;avh&SdwJh 'kp½kduftdk; vlrdkufrsKd;jzpfjcif;aMumifh aovGefoGm;wJhtcg i&JodkYa&mufr,fqdk&if xdki&Jom;owå0g&JU tukodkvfuHqdkwJh apwemtm[m&ESifhyJ rQwae&w,f/ tu,fí wd&pämef b0 a&mufcJhr,fqdk&ifvnf; wd&pämefb0rSm&SdwJh jrufopf&GufpwJh wd&pämefwdkY&JU tm[m&awGESifhyJ rQwae&w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Di&J-wd&pämef qdkwJh bHkXmeawG[mvnf; 'Dvlb0u aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYu jyKvkyfvdkuf wJh aumif;rIukodkvf[m tJ'D i&Jom;xHodkY odkYr[kwf wd&pämefxHodkY ra&mufEdkifbl;? t&mXme r[kwfbl;vdkY qdkvdkw,f/ i&Jom;owå0gqdkwmuvnf; olU&JU tukodkvfuHawG&JU t&Sdef t0gawG rukeforQumvywfvHk; i&JrSm cHae&rnfhoabm&Sdygw,f/ 'DvlUjynfvlUavmuu olUtwGuf&nfñTef;NyD; jyKvkyfay;wJh ukodkvfwdkY &JUt&Sdeft0gudk cH,lEdkifwJhoabmr&Sdbl;/ 'DukodkvfawG&JU tusKd;udkvnf; oHk;aqmifcHpm;EdkifcGifh r&Sdbl;/ aemufwpfck --- wd&pämefb0qdkwmuvnf; tvm;wlyJ - wd&pämef b0udk jzpfapEdkifwJhpGrf;tm;&SdwJh tukodkvfuHwdkY&JU t&Sdeft0gawG rukef ao;orQumvywfvHk; wd&pämefb0rS uRwfEdkifvGwfEdkifwJhoabm r&Sd bl;/ 'gaMumifh wd&pämefbHkb0 a&muf&SdoGm;wJh uG,fvGefoludk &nfñTef; NyD; vlUb0u usef&pfolaqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rIukokdvfjyKay; aomfvnf; tJ'Dwd&pämefb0a&muf&SdaewJholu od&SdzkdY om"kac:EkdifzkdY qkdwJhoabmw&m;rSm tvGefjzpfEkdifcJwJhoabmwpfckom jzpfaew,f/ wd&pämefb0rSm&SdwJh rdcifwpfOD;OD;&JU0rf;xJrSm y#doaE¨wnfaeqJtcsdef tcgrsKd;rSm 'DvlUb0u aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu aumif;rIukokdvfjyKay; r,fqdk&if xkdowå0gu od&SdEkdifzkdY om"kac:EkdifzkdYqkdwJhoabmw&m;[m vnf; ykdNyD;tvSrf;a0;wJh tcuftcJwpf&yfomjzpfzkdY&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh wd&pämefb0[mvnf; vlUjynfvlUavmuu aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu jyK vkyfay;vkdufwJh aumif;rIukokdvfwkdY&JU t&Sdeft0gawG a&mufEkdifwJhae&m XmersKd; r[kwfbl;/ aemufwpfckajymOD;r,f - yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;[m vlUjynfvlUavmurSm &SdpOf ukd,fusifhoDvawGu tvGefjzLpifw,f? um,uHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f 0pDuHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f raemuHpifMu,frI&Sdw,f? xkdyk*¾dKvf[m uG,fvGef oGm;wJhtcg vlUjynfvlavmu a&mufcJh&if vlwkdY&JUtpmtm[m&jzifh rQwae&w,f? ewfjynfewfavmu a&mufcJh&ifvnf; ewfwkdY&JU tpm tm[m&jzifh rQwae&w,f/ xkdvlUjynf ewfjynf a&mufoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;twGuf &nfñTef; NyD; vlUjynfvlavmurSm usef&pfcJhol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rI ukokdvfawGukd jyKay;Muaomfvnf; xkduG,fvGefoGm;wJhyk*¾dKvf[m tJ'D ukokdvf&JUtusKd;w&m;ukd cHpm;zkdY&ef t&mXmer[kwfjyefbl;/ 'Dtcsuf[mvnf; xif&Sm;ygw,f/ uG,fvGefoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m vlUjynfvlUavmuukd a&muf&SdaeNyDqkdMupkdY/ &ufykdif;vykdif;twGif;rSmyJ xkduG,fvGefolukd &nfñTef;NyD;awmh usef&pfolaqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rI ukokdvfjyKcJh&if xkdukokdvfukd xkdvlom;wpfOD;u &&SdzkdYrSm tvGefcufcJwJh oabmwpfck jzpfaew,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --- xkd uG,fvGefoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvf[m tJ'D &ufykdif;vykdif;twGif;avmufrSmqkd&if rdcifwpfOD;OD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm wnf&Sdaewkef; jzpfEdkifw,f/ rdcif wpfOD;OD;&JU 0rf;MumwkdufrSm&SdaewJh 'Duav;twGuf usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu aumif;rIukokdvf jyKay;aomfvnf; xkduav; oli,ftzkdY xkdukokdvf&JU tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdzkdY&ef t&mXmer[kwf jzpfaeao;w,f/ tu,fí uG,fvGefol[m ewfjynfewfavmuokdY a&muf&SdoGm;cJh&ifvnf; ewfpnf;pdrfukd cHpm;aeqJtcsdefomjzpfw,f/ vlb0u ruG,fvGefrD rdrdukd,fwkdif jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh ukokdkvfuHawG&JU t&Sdeft0gawG rukefao;orQ ewfjynfewfavmurSm ewfpnf;pdrf awGudk cHpm;&rnfhoabmom &Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh ewfjynfewfavmu [mvnf; uG,fvGefolukd &nfñTef;NyD; usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu jyKay;vkdufwJh aumif;rIukokdvfwkdY&JU tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdEkdifwJh t&mXmersKd; r[kwfbl;/ Nydwåmb0wpfrsKd;om tu,fí uG,fvGefol[m Nydwåmb0okdY a&muf&SdcJhr,fqdk&ifç xkd Nydwåmb0rSmvnf; y&'wåLyZD0dNydwåmwkdYvkd olwpfyg;wkdYjyKay;vkdufwJh ukokdvfukdrSDNyD; touf&Snf&rnfh NydwåmrsKd;jzpfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh usef&pfol aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYu xkduG,fvGefol (NydwåmbkHb0okdY a&muf&SdoGm;ol)ukd &nfñTef;NyD; aumif;rIukokdvfukdjyKcJh&if xkd'gejzifh xkdNydwåm[m xkdNydwåm bkHü rQw&w,f? xkd'gejzifh xkdNydwåm[m xkdNydwåmbkHü wnfae&w,f/ 'gaMumifh xkdNydwåmbkHüwnfoltm; xkd'geonf a&muf&Sdw,f -- 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu tajzay;awmfrlvkdufw,f/ ykPÖm;BuD;&JU xyfqifhar;cGef;rsm; tu,fí uG,fvGefoGm;ol[m xkdNydwåmb0okdYra&muf&SdcJhbl;qkd&if xkd'geukd tb,folu okH;aqmifygovJ -- vkdY xyfNyD; ar;jyefw,f/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; -- xkdNydwåmbkHb0okdY a&muf&SdaeMuwJh tjcm;t jcm;aom a&S;a&S;u uG,fvGefoGm;MuwJh aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu xkd'ge ukd okH;aqmifcHpm;&wJhtaMumif;ukd xyfNyD;tajzay;awmfrlygw,f/ uG,fvGefoluvnf; Nydwåmb0okdY ra&muf&SdcJhbl;qkd&ifç NydwåmbkH rSmvnf; tjcm;tjcm;aom aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGvnf; r&SdMubl;qkd&if xkd'geukd b,folu okH;aqmifcHpm;&ygovJvkdY ykPÖm;BuD;u xyfar; jyefw,f/ &Snfvsm;vSpGmaom oHo&mc&D;wpfavQmufrSm aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdY rS uif;qdwf&m bkHXme&Sdw,fqkdwJh 'Doabmw&m;[m t&mXmer[kwf aMumif;ukd bk&m;&Sifu jyefvnfNyD; trdefY&Sdawmfrlw,f/ tJ'Dvkd trdefY&Sd NyD;wJhtcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu tvGefodoifhwJh tcsuftvufwpfckudk quf vufNyD; rdefYMum;awmfrljyefygw,f -- b,fvkddrdefYMum;awmfrlovJ¿ -- tyd p jAm[®P 'g,aumyd tedyæavm? 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wm0 0dyóemEka,ma*g/ (0dok'¨d-2-72/) ykAÁa,m*qkdwm -- a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm qGrf;cHtoGm;tjyefwkdYü ur®|mef;ukdaqmifjcif; *wypöm*wusifh0wfukd jznfhusifhNyD;awmh a*gMwbkÓPf&JU teD;tyg;rSm&SdwJh tEkavmrtrnf &wJh ocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmif 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;awGukd pD;jzef;cJhzl;jcif;ukd qkdvkdygw,f/ t&SifAmukvtavmif;[mvnf; y#dorÇd'gÓPfawGukd &&Sdrnfh olawmfaumif;jzpfwJhtwGuf a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif; rSm ocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmif 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;awGukd vnf; pD;jzef;cJhzl;onfomjzpfw,f/ orxykdif;Munfhvkduf&ifvnf; psmef tbdnmPfawGukd wpfbufurf;cwfatmif aygufa&mufcJhwJh olawmf aumif;vnf;jzpfw,f/ aq;vSLjcif; ausmif;vSLjcif;pwJh trsm;csrf;om apwJh uHawGukdvnf; xlaxmifcJholjzpfw,f ----- 'Dvkd twdwfb0xkdxkdu jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhwJh 'ge oDv orx 0dyóem tpjzmwJh yg&rDaumif;rIukokdvfwkdY&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifhvnf; wpfaMumif; rdrdusdef;ao{uef&awmhrnfh t&[wår*f&JUpGrf;tm;aMumifh vnf;wpfaMumif; - 'DtaMumif;aMumif;awGaMumifh ab;roD&efrcyJ tema&m*guif;&Sif;pGmESifh ig;&JU0rf;AkdufxJrS vGwfajrmufcJh&w,f? csrf; ompGmESifh BuD;yGm;cJh&w,f/ touf (80)t&G,frSm omoemabmifokdY 0ifa&mufum &Sif&[ef;jyKcJhw,f/ ykxkZefb0ESifh omoemabmifrSm (7)&ufyJ aexkdif&w,f/ (7)&ufajrmufwJhaeYrSmyJ &[EÅmjzpfoGm;w,f/ touf (160) &SnfoGm;w,f/ temuif;wJhae&mrSm xdyfwef;{w'*f bJGUxl;ukdvnf; &&SdoGm;ygw,f/ rdrd&JUpdwf"mwfukd tvSqkH;jzpfatmif jyKjyifEkdifMuwJhtwGuf tvS qkH; tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdoGm;MuwJh a&S;xkH;a[mif;awG jzpfMuw,f/ touf&Snf&jcif;taMumif;ukd &yfem;NyD;awmh tema&m*gxlajym &jcif;&JUtaMumif;awGukd qufvufNyD; emMum;Munfh&atmif ----- tema&m*gxlajym&jcif; aemufwpfck 'kwd,tpHk taeESifh olu bmar;cGef; ar;cJhovJ¿ 'DvlUjynf vlUavmurSm wcsKdUwcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGu b,fvkd&SdMuovJ¿ tema&m*g odyfNyD;awmh xlajymMuw,f? wcsKdUwcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawGusawmh usef;rma&; odyfaumif;Muw,f? tema&m*g uif;Muw,f? b,fvkd taMumif;aMumifhygvJvkdY - 'Dar;cGef;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;udkar;awmh tJ'D ar;cGef;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;u qufNyD;awmh ajzawmfrlw,f ----- £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g owåmeH 0da[XuZmwdaum a[mwd ygPdem 0g av×Kem 0g 'a@e 0g oaw¬e 0g? (r-3-245/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ owåmeH = owå0g wkdYukd/ 0da[XuZmwdaum = n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ aoatmifawmh rowfjzpfbl;? olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpuf&r,f qkd&if pdwfxJu odyfoabmusw,f? olwpfyg;rsuf&nfawmufawmuf usatmif ajymcsvkduf&r,fqdk&if tifrwefauseyfw,f? ]'if;awmh ig ajymxnfhvkdufw,f}qdkNyD; a[m --- pdwfxJu odyfauseyfoGm;w,f? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ 'Dvkdajymvkduf&wmukd pdwfxJrSm tifrwef rauseyfMubl;vm;¿ olu 'Dvkdajymcsvkduf&wm odyfNyD;awmhauseyf oGm;w,f/ aemufwpfck ... owåmeH = owå0gwkdYukd/ 0da[XuZmwdaum = n§Of;yef;ESdyfpuf wwfwJhoabm&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ bmawGESifh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufovJ¿ ygPdem 0g = vufjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ av×Kem 0g = cJjzifh aomfvnf;aumif;/ 'a@e 0g = wkwfjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ oaw¬e 0g = vufeufjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;/ 0da[XuZmwdaum = n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufwwfwJhtavh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ taoawmh rowfbl;? olu owå0gawGukd tifrwef n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufwwfw,f/ vufESifh csvkduf&rvm;ç vG,fvG,fuav;yJ? cJESifh aygufvkduf&rvm;ç wkwfESifh ½kdufvkduf&rvm;ç vufeufwpfckckESifh ypfvkduf&rvm;ç pdwfxJrSm odyfNyD;awmh auseyfw,f/ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-245/) aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynhfpHkpHk jyKusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdtukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´ uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuGJysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ olwpfyg;awGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh 'DtukokdvfuHukd jynfh jynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhxm;w,f? jynfhjynfhpHkpHk aqmufwnfxm;w,f/ tJ'Dvkd jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKpkaqmufwnfxm;wJh 'DtukodkvfuHaMumifh cE¨mukd,f ysufpD;NyD;onfrS aemufumvü 'Dowå0gonf b,fa&mufoGm;ovJ? raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&SdwJh i&JokdY a&muf&SdoGm;w,f/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? A0SgAma"m a[mwd/ (r-3-245/) um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wdkY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´ uif;jywfvsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&mjzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&onf jzpfjim;thH/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&SdvmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuif tMuif bkHb0ü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:ívm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd y#doaE¨ tm;jzifh wpfzef jzpfay:ívm&m bkHb0ü (0g) xkdxkd y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:ívm&m trsKd;tEG,fü/ A0SgAma"m = tema&m*gxlajymonf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ olwpfyg;awGudk n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh 'DuHu i&Jukd ykdYaqmif ray;cJhvkdY vlUjynf vlUavmu a&muf&Sdr,fqdk&if .. b,fuHawGvJ¿ [kd; -- tifrwef pdwfygvufyg vGefusL;aeqJ tcsdeftcgrSm jzpfay:aewJh uHawGukd rqkdvkdbl;? uHudk vGefusL;qJtcsdef rS aU&Sykdif; aemufykdif;rSm jzpfay:aewJhuHç olwpfyg;awGukd rn§Of;yef; rESdyfpufcifrSm jzpfay:aewJhuHç olwpfyg;awGudk n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufNyD;wJh tcgrSmvnf; jyefowd&vkdY auseyfaewJhtcsdefrSm jzpfay:aewJhuHawG- tJ'DtukokdvfuHawGu vlUjynfvlUavmurSm y#doaE¨tm;jzifh vmNyD; awmh y#doaE¨wnfaewJh owå0gukd bmvkyfovJ¿ A0SgAma"m = tema&m*gxlajymapwwfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ tema&m*g xlajymatmif jyKvkyfay;w,f/ raeYnu ajymcJhwJh twkdif;yJ? vlUb0ukd a&muf&Sdjcif;onf ukokdvfuHaMumihf a&muf&Sdvm w,f/ tJ'D ukokdvfuH&JU t&Sdeft0gav;ukd oluyfNyD;awmh n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufvkdufw,f? 'DukokdvfuH&JU t&Sdeft0gav;ukd uyfNyD;awmh jzwfay; w,f/ OyyDVuuHç Oyapä'uuHyJ/ A0SgAm"oH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H owåmeH 0da[XuZmwdaum a[mwd ygPdem 0g av×Kem 0g 'a@e 0g oaw¬e 0g/ (r-3-245/) vufESifhjzpfap cJESifhjzpfap wkwfESifhjzpfap vufeufwpfckckESifhyJ jzpfap owå0gawGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh 'DuHonf tema&m*g xlajymapwwfwJh uHwpfckjzpfw,f/ 'Dvkdqkd&if tema&m*guif;&Sif;csif wJhyk*¾dKvfawG bmvkyf&rvJ¿ £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g owåmeH t0da[XuZmwdaum a[mwd ygPdem 0g av×Kem 0g 'a@e 0g oaw¬e 0g? (r-3-245/) yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufMunfhvkdufawmh wpfbufom;awGukd vufESifhyJ jzpfapç cJESifhyJjzpfapç wkwfESifhyJjzpfapç vufeufwpfckckESifhyJjzpfap b,f awmhrS n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufavh r&Sdbl;? n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwwfwJh n§Of;yef; ESdyfpufvkdwJh pdwfaepdwfxm; vkH;vkH;r&Sdbl;/ r&Sdawmh bmjzpfovJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-245/) 'Dvkd jynfhjynfhpkHpkH aqmufwnfxm;wJh jyKusifhxm;wJh vkdufem jyKusifhaewJh 'DuHu aoonf\ tjcm;rJhü ewfjynf ewfavmuukd a&mufatmifukd ykdYaqmifay;w,f? 'DoDvukokdvfapwemyJ/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? tyÜgAma"m a[mwd/ (r-3-245/) tu,fí ewfjynfewfavmuudk ra&mufvkdY vlUjynfvlUavmu udk a&mufcJhr,fqdk&if vlUjynfvlUavmurSm y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wnfaewJh 'Dowå0g&JUoEÅmefrSm -- tyÜgAma"m a[mwd? tema&m*g uif;&Sif;ae w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ owå0gawGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufwJh vkyfief;&yfu a&SmifMuOfcJhwJh ukokdvfapwemaMumifhyJ/ tyÜgAm"oH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H owåmeH t0da[XuZmwdaum a[mwd ygPdem 0g av×Kem 0g 'a@e 0g oaw¬e 0g/ (r-3-245/) vufESifhjzpfapç cJESifhjzpfapç wkwfESifhyJjzpfapç vufeuftrsKd;rsKd; ESifhyJjzpfap owå0gawGukd rn§Of;yef; rESdyfpufjcif;qkdwJh 'Dpdwfaepdwfxm; onf touf&SnfrIukd jzpfapwwfw,f/ 'Dvkdqkd&if tema&m*g uif;&Sif; csifwJhyk*¾dKvf[m tema&m*g uif;&Sif;rIukd jzpfapwwfwJh 'DvdkuHrsKd;awG udk xlaxmifzdkY rvdkbl;vm;? owå0gawGudk n§Of;yef;EdSyfpufvdkwJh pdwfae pdwfxm;rS owå0gawGudk rn§Of;yef; rEdSyfpufvdkwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;odkY jyKjyifajymif;vJzdkY rvdkbl;vm;¿ vdktyfw,f/ 'Dawmh tema&m*gxlajym csif&ifawmh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ olwpfyg;awGukd rsuf&nfBuD;i,fusatmif n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufayawmh? tu,fí tema&m*g uif;&Sif;csifw,fqkd&if awmh bmvkyf&rvJ¿ olwpfyg;ukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufvkdwJh pdwfaepdwfxm; awGukd jyKjyifajymif;vJNyD;awmh ay;&r,f/ 'g pdwf"mwfjyKjyifajymif;vJ a&;yJ/ pOf;pm;a0zefMunfhyg 'Dae&mrSm --- bkef;BuD;enf;enf;awmh xyf&Sif;jycsifao;w,f/tu,fí rdrdu owå0gwpfOD;OD;udk wkwfESifhyJjzpfapç "m;ESifhyJjzpfapç vufeufwpfckckESifhyJjzpfap n§Of;yef;EdSyfpufvdkuf&if 'DtEdSyfpufcH&wJh owå0grSm tema&m*g wpfckckawmh {uef&awmhr,f/ odkYaomf 'Dvdk n§Of;yef;EdSyfpufwJh vkyfief;&yfrsKd;udk olawmfaumif;wpfOD;u a&SmifMuOfNyD qdkMupdkY? 'Dvdka&SmifMuOfwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwftpOfrSm olwpfyg;wdkY&JUoEÅmefrSm tema&m*g rjzpfapvdkwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;uav;awGu uyfNyD;ygae w,f/ tema&m*guif;&Sif;apvkdwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;uav;awGu uyf NyD;ygaew,f? owå0gawGtay:rSm tema&m*g rjzpfapvkdwJh tem a&m*g uif;&Sif;apvkdwJh 'Dpdwfaepdwfxm;u 'DuHawGu tusKd;ay;wJh b0rSm rdrd tema&m*guif;&Sif;zkdY taMumif;wpfck jzpfvm&w,f/ 'Dvkd qkd&if rGefjrwfwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;uav;awG udef;0yfaeatmif rdrdwkdY&JU pdwftpOfukd tjrJwrf; jyKjyifay;aezkdY jzLpifatmifzGyfavQmfzkdY raumif; bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f odyfaumif;w,f ----- jzLpifatmifzGyfavQmfwJhenf;vrf; rdrd&JU pdwftpOfudk jzLpifatmifç udavom tnpftaMu;awG rvdrf;uyfatmifç n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufvkdwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awG uif;&Sif; oGm;atmif b,fvdkzGyfavsmfrvJ¿ 'Dvkdawmh ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ orx-0dyóema&pifwdkYjzifh rdrdwdkY&JU pdwfudk tjrJwrf; zGyfavsmf aezdkYvkdygw,f/ txl;ojzifh - arwåmç u½kPmç rk'dwmç Oayu©mqdkwJh jA[®pdk&fw&m;awGudk cyfrsm;rsm; yGm;ay;yg? pGrf;Edkifygu psmeform"dodkY qdkufonftxd yGm;ay;yg/ vdifwlowå0gwpfOD;udk tm½kH,lNyD;awmh -- þolawmfaumif;onf ... 1/ ab;&ef uif;ygap? 2/ pdwfqif;&J uif;ygap? 3/ udk,fqif;&J uif;ygap? 4/ usef;usef;rmrm csrf;csrf;omomjzifh rdrd\ cE¨m0efudk &Gufaqmif Edkifygap -- 'Dvdk arwåmyGm;Munfhyg/ odkYr[kwf owå0gtrsm;pkudk tm½kH,lum .. cyfodrf;aomowå0gwdkYonf -- 1/ ab;&ef uif;Muygap? 2/ pdwfqif;&J uif;Muygap? 3/ udk,fqif;&J uif;Muygap? 4/ usef;usef;rmrm csrf;csrf;omomjzifh rdrd\ cE¨m0efudk &Gufaqmif EdkifMuygap -- 'Dvdk arwåmyGm;Munfhyg/ owå0gwpfOD; tay:rSmjzpfap owå0g tm;vkH;wdkYtay:rSmjzpfap -- ab;&efuif;apvdkwJh pdwfxm;ç pdwfqif;&J uif;apvdkwJh pdwfxm;ç udk,fqif;&Juif;apvdkwJh pdwfxm;ç usef;usef; rmrm csrf;csrf;omomjzifh rdrd&JUcE¨m0efukd &GufaqmifapvdkwJh pdwfxm;ç 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;awGu - rddrdab;&efuif;zdkY pdwfqif;&Juif;zkdY udk,fqif;&J uif;zdkY usef;usef;rmrm csrf;csrf;omomjzifh rdrd&JUcE¨mudk &GufaqmifEdkifzkdY taMumif;w&m;awG (= uHawG) jzpfMuw,f/ tvm;wlyJ u½kPmbm0emç rk'dwmbm0emç Oayu©mbm0em wdkYudk yGm;rsm;cJh&ifvnf; owå0gawGudk .. 1/ qif;&J'ku©rS vGwfygapqdkwJh u½kPmESifh ,SOfwJh pdwfxm;ç 2/ &NyD;pnf;pdrfcsrf;omrS ra&GUavsmygapESifhqkdwJh rk'dwmESifh ,SOfwJh pdwfxm;ç 3/ uHomvQif udk,fykdifOpöm&SdMuw,fqdkwJh Oayu©mESifh ,SOfwJh pdwfxm; 'Dpdwfxm;awGuvnf; rdrd qif;&J'ku©t00rS vGwfzdkYç &&SdNyD; pnf;pdrf csrf;omrS ra&GUavsmzdkYç uHomvQif udk,fykdifOpöm&Sdw,fqdkwJh tjrifrSef &&SdzdkY taMumif;w&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'Dvkd jA[®pkd&f a&csrf;awG yufjzef;um rdrdpdwf"mwfudk jzLpifatmif zGyfavQmfay;wwfzdkY odyfta&; BuD;ygw,f/ 'DvkdzGyfavQmfay;EdkifrS edAÁmefwdkifawmufavQmuf aumif; usKd;awGudk cHpm; pHpm;Mu&rSm jzpfygw,f/ uJ - aemufykpämwpfpkHukd qufMuOD;pkdY .../ eHygwf (3) ykpämwpfpkH olu xyfar;w,f/ wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawG[m ½kyftqif; odyfvSMuw,f? wcsKdUyk*¾dKvfawG usawmh ½kyfrvSMubl;? b,fvkdtaMumif;aMumifh ½kyf&nfvSy&ovJ¿ b,fvkd taMumif;aMumihf ½kyf&nfrvSy&ovJ¿ 'Dar;cGef;ukd ar;xm; w,f/ tJ'Dar;cGef;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu b,fvkdjyefNyD;awmh tajz ay;ovJ¿ tusnf;wef t½kyfqdk;&jcif;\ taMumif; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g aum"aem a[mwd Oyg,moA[kavm? tyÜrÜd 0kawåm ormaem tbdoZÆwd ukyÜwd AsmyZÆwd ywd|D,wd? (r-3-245/) rmP0 = okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ aum"aem = trsufxGufavh &Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ Oyg,moA[kavm = aMumifhMuylyefrI rsm;jym;avh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ om;twGuf ylvkduf&wmç orD;twGuf ylvkduf&wmç tbkd;BuD; twGufvnf; ylvkduf&wm pdwfrcsvkdYç tzGm;BuD;twGufusawmhvnf; ylvkduf&wm pdwfrcsbl;? wpfbufMunfhvkdufawmhvnf; .. aum"aem = a'gou odyfBuD;w,f/ 'gwGifvm;qkdawmh ruao;bl; -- tyÜrÜd 0kawåm ormaem tbdoZÆwd ukyÜwd AsmyZÆwd ywd|D,wd? tyÜrÜd = tenf;i,fukdaomfvnf;yJ/ 0kawåm = ajymqkdcJhrdonf/ ormaem = jzpfvwfaomf/ tbdoZÆwd = uyfNidíaewwf\/ ukyÜwd = pdwfqkd;wwf\/ AsmyZÆwd = a'gojzifh azmufjyefíaewwf\/ ywd|D,wd = &efNidK;zJGUíaewwf\/ olUukd enf;enf;av;awmh oGm;rajymvkdufeJY? enf;enf;av;rsm; ajymvkdufrdr,fqdk&if ---- tbdoZÆwd = ighukd 'Dvkdajym&aumif;vm;qkdNyD; pdwfxJrSm wEkHUEkHU eJY jzpfaew,f pJGaew,f enf;enf;av;rS rauseyfbl;? ukyÜwd = pdwfqkd;w,f/ AsmyZÆwd = pdwfqkd;aewJh azmufjyefaewJh trlt,mtrsKd;rsKd;ukd jyw,f/ 'if;aemf igcsvkdufjyefa&mhr,f? ighukd bmrSwfvkdYvJ¿ 'DykHpHrsKd;yJ - [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ a'gojzpfaewJh trlt&mawGukd jyw,f/ aemufwpfck bmvJ¿ ywd|D,wd = &efNidK;zJGUxm;w,f/ ighukd 'Dvkdajym&aumif;vm; qkdNyD;awmh &efNidK;zJGUxm;w,f/ aumyÍö a'goÍö tyÜpö,Íö ygwkua&mwd? aumyÍö = trsufukdvnf;aumif;/ a'goÍö = a'goukdvnf; aumif;/ tyÜpö,Íö = rauseyfrIukdvnf;aumif;/ ygwkua&mwd = xif&Sm;jyKvkyfí jywwf\/ pdwfqkd;rIukdvnf; xifxif&Sm;&Sm;BuD; azmfjyvkdufw,f? ]]'if; igh vmxdawmh b,f&vdrfhrvJ? igu cHrSmvm; igjyefcsvkdufrSmaygh}} --- qkdNyD;awmh rdrda'gojzpfaewmukd xif&Sm;atmif azmfjyvkdufw,f? rdrd&JU rauseyfcsufawGukdvnf; xif&Sm;atmif azmfjyvkdufw,f/ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-245/) aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jyKusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = jynfhjynfhpkHpkH aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkda'goESifh ,SOfwJGíaewJh tukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wdkY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´ uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&mjzpf aom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ olrsm;tay:rSm rauseyfwmuav;wpfckyJ/ ykdufqH b,favmuf &&SdvkdufovJ¿ wpfjym;rS r&vkdufbl;? 'gayrJh tyg,fa&mufaMumif; tukokdvfuHawG rdrdrSm jynfhjynfhpkHpkH &roGm;bl;vm;¿ &oGm;NyD/ olwpfyg;tay:rSm a'gojzpfwJhpdwfxm; ]]ukd,fh[mukd,fç udk,fh a'go ukd,fjzpfwm bmqkdifvJ nD;ESifhbmqkdifvJ¿}} a[m - wcsKdUu 'DvdkajymwwfMuw,f? 'Dvkd ]]igh[mig a'gojzpfwm nD;ESifhbmqkdifvkdY vmajym&wmvJ¿}} - wcsKdUu 'DvkdajymMuw,f/ 'Dawmh ukd,fh[mukd,f a'gojzpfwm bmrSrjzpfbl;r[kwfbl;aemf? jzpfw,f/ bmjzpfovJ¿ -i&Ja&mufEkdifw,f? 'Dawmh rdrdu i&Jukd tvkdr&Sdbl;qkd&if 'Dpdwfxm; uav;awGudk ajymif;vJypfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfaew,f/ 'DaeYyJ - 'umrBuD;wpfa,mufu vmavQmufw,fç vmuefawmh w,f/ vmuefawmhwJh tcgusawmh olu irl;ESifh taMumif;ygaeawmh olUirl;taMumif;udk bkef;BuD;uar;awmh irl; usKd;oGm;NyDwJh? bmjzpfvkdY usKd;ovJvkdY olUukdar;awmh - olu a'goxif&Sm;jyvkdYygqkdNyD; ab;u twlygvmwJh tazmfwpfOD;u 0dkif;NyD;avQmufxm;w,f/ oluvnf; a'goudk b,fvkdxif&Sm;jyvkdufovJqkdawmh - 'DvdkwJh? avSum;rSm irl; ESifhpum;rsm;&if; irl;ukd wGef;csvkdufawmh avSum;uae irl;usoGm;a&m? atmufusoGm;wJhtcg irl; vufusKd;oGm;owJh? vufusKd;oGm;wJh tcsdef tcgusawmh ypfxm;vkdufygvm;vkdYqdkawmhvnf; rypf&ufEkdifbl;wJh/bmjzpfvdkYvJ¿ rcGJ&ufEdkifwJh rypf&ufEdkifwJh uHawGudkvnf; wpfbufu xlaxmifcJhMujyefw,f/ uHawG[m odyfqef;Mu,fw,f/ 'DvkduHawGukd jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;cJhr,fqdk&if 'DuHuvGwfatmif ½kef;vkdYr&atmif jyKjyifzefwD;ay;w,f? 'Dtem;u cGJvkdYr&bl;/ wu,f wrf; &uf&ufpufpufESifh pGefYypfvkdufygvm;qkdawmh rpGefYypfEkdifbl;/ rpGefY ypfEkdifwJh uHawGukd rdrdwkdYu xlaxmifxm;cJhMuw,f/ ckvnf; 'Dtwkdif;yJ? 'D'umrBuD;u a'goudkawmh xif&Sm; jyvdkufw,f/ odkYaomf cGJEdkif ovm;qdkawmh -- rcGJEdkifjyefbl;/ 'Da'gojzpfwJh[m bmrSrjzpfbl; r[kwfbl;? 'Da'gouav;rSm i&Judk a&mufapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &Sdaew,f? 'Dvkdqkd&if i&Jukd tvkdr&Sd cJh&if rdrdwkdYu a'goukd wkdufzsufzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdw,f? pdwfaepdwf xm;uav;awGudk jyKjyifajymif;vJay;zkdY vkdw,f/ aemufwpfck a'gojzpfaewJh yk*¾dKvfukdMunfhyg? tifrwef acsm arm vSyaewJh trsKd;aumif;om; trsKd;aumif;orD;yJ jzpfcsif jzpfygap? a'gojzpfaewJh tcsdeftcgrSmolUukd oGm;Munfh&if t½kyfrqkd;bl;vm;¿- t½kyfqkd;w,f? tJ'DuHu olUukd tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcgtcGifhoifhvm&if bmjzpfovJ¿ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? 'kAÁaPÖm a[mwd/ (r-3-245/) um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuGJ ysufpD;vsufusa&muf&mjzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&onfjzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavm uokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&SdvmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨ tm;jzifh jzpfay:ívm&ay\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xdkxkdtrsKd;tEG,fü/ 'kAÁaPÖm = tqif;rvSonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ 'Da'gouav;jzpfcJhwJhuHu i&Jra&mufbl;xm;? ckeu oEéd|me apwemvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh wu,fwrf; jypfrIawG vGefusL;aewJhtcsdef tcgrSm jzpfay:aewJh a'gotukodkvf apwemukdawmh xm;vkduf? aU&Sykdif; aemufykdif;rSm jzpfay:aewJh tukokdvfapwemawGuaeNyD;awmh vlUjynfvlUavmurSm vmNyD;awmh tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcgtcGifhoifhNyDqkd&if vlUjynfvlUavmuukd ukokdvfuH wpfcku ypfcsvkdufvkdY vljzpfvmwJh tcsdeftcgrSm ckeu a'goESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh tukodkvf"mwfaiGUawGu uyfygvmwJhtwGufaMumifh 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf ]]'kAÁPÖ}} tqif;rvSawmhbl; wJh? tusnf;weft½kyfqkd;w,f/ cPcPawmh ajymzl;ygw,f/ bkef;BuD;wpfyg;ajymwJh pum;av; bkef;BuD;u rSwfom;xm;w,f - ]]vnfyif;Munfhvkdufawmh zm;vnfyif;? tom;Munfhvkdufawmh oydwfa&mif? cg;Munfhvkdufawmh vdyfcg;}}wJh/ a'goaMumifh tJ'Dvdk ykHyef;ruswJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD; jzpfvm&w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ a'goESifh ,SOfwJGNyD;awmh uHawGukd jyKpkysKd;axmif cJhw,f okdYr[kwf a'goodyfBuD;cJhw,f/ a'goBuD;cJhwJhyk*¾dKvfonf 'DuH u tusKd;ay;NyDqkd&if ½kyfvSovm; rvSbl;vm;¿ rvSawmhbl;/ 'gjzifh &if rdrdwkdYu ½kyf&nfacsmarmvSywJh trsKd;aumif;om; jzpfcsifw,fqkd&if trsKd;aumif;orD; jzpfcsifw,fqkd&if a'goBuD;&rvm; rBuD;&bl;vm;¿ rBuD;&bl; - a'goawGukd a&SmifMuOfay;&r,f/ pdwf"mwfqkdwm jyKjyif ajymif;vJvkdYr&bl;vm;¿ &ygw,f? 'Da'goonf tjrJjzpfaewJh w&m;r[kwfbl;? tedpöw&m;yJç &m* [m tjrJjzpfaewJhw&m; r[kwfbl; tedpöw&m;yJ/ tedpöw&m;om jzpf awmh rdrdwkdYu jyKjyifajymif;vJay;r,fqdk&if r&Ekdifbl;vm;¿ &ygw,f/ 'gayrJh jyKjyifajymif;vJcsifwJhpdwfxm; r&Sdbl; ]]igha'gou olrsm;a'goESifh wlwmr[kwfbl;ç ighpdwfu olrsm;pdwfESifhwlwm r[kwfbl;}}qkdNyD; 'gukdyJ *kPf,lNyD;awmh 0ifh<um;NyD;awmh aewwfMujyefw,f/ tJ'Dvkd *kPf,l 0ifh<um;aewJh yk*¾dKvfawGonf bmjzpfrvJ¿ -- b,fb0yJa&mufa&mufç a&mufav&mb0rSm tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;wJhyk*¾dKvf rjzpfbl;vm;¿ jzpf vdrfhr,f/ 'g[m bk&m;&Sifa[mMum;awmfrlwJh tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;ap wwfwJh uHw&m;yJ? tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;apwwfwJh aq;pGrf;aumif; wpfvufyJ/ 'kAÁPÖoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H aum"aem a[mwd Oyg,moA[kavm? tyÜrÜd 0kawåm ormaem tbdoZÆwd ukyÜwd AsmyZÆwd ywd|D,wd? aumyÍö a'goÍö tyÜpö,Íö ygwkua&mwd/ (r-3-245/) ½kyf&nf racsmarm rvSy&jcif; tusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;&jcif;\ taMumif;&if;onf 'Da'goyJ/ enf;enf;av;ajym&ifawmifrS enf;enf; av;rS txdrcHbl;? ]]'if;wdkYrsm;awmh oGm;rajymvkdufprf;ygeJY? 'if;u enf;enf;rS ajymvkdYqkdvkdY&wJh vlpm;rsKd; r[kwfbl;}}wJh wcsKdU 'Dvkd ajym Muw,f? enf;enf;rS olu txdrcHbl;/ ajymvkdufNyDqkdvkdY&Sd&if - ]]ighudk 'Dvdk ajym&aumif;vm;}}qdkNyD; wpfcgwnf; rauseyfcsufawGukd wpfykHBuD; xif&Sm;jyawmhwmyJ/ [kd-bkd;awmfbk&m;vufxufuaeNyD;awmh rif;wkef;rif;vufxuf? rif;wkef;rif;vufxufuaeNyD;awmh awmfvSefa&;tpkd;&vufxuf txd ayghav? &mZ0ifESifhcsDNyD;awmh rauseyfcsufawGukd ajymvkdufwm wpfyHk wpfacgif;BuD;yJ? em;axmifvkdYukd rukefEdkifawmhbl;/ 'gaMumihf tJ'Dvkd a'goawG odyfBuD;aewJhyk*¾dKvfonf a&mufav&mb0rSm bmjzpfwwf ovJ? t½kyfqkd;wwfw,f/ aemufwpfck ----- ½kyf&nfacsmarmvSywifhw,f&jcif;\taMumif; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g tauúm"aem a[mwd tEkyg,moA[kavm? (r-3-245/) rmP0 = okbvkvif .../ £" ye = þavmuüum;/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ tauúm"aem = trsufxGufavh r&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ tEkyg,moA[kavm = &efNidK;zJGUrI rrsm;jym;onf (0g) ylyefaMumifhMurI rrsm;jym;onf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ pdwfxJrSm a'go&,fvkdY jzpfvmNyDqkd&if ylyefrIav;awG 0ifvm w,f/ ck 'Dyk*¾dKvfMunfhvkdufwJh tcgrSmawmh a'govnf;rjzpfbl; ylyefrI vnf; r&Sdbl;/ A[krÜd 0kawåm ormaem embdoZÆwd e ukyÜwd e AsmyZÆwd e ywd|D,wd? e aumyÍö a'goÍö tyÜpö,Íö ygwkua&mwd? (r-3-245??) A[krÜd = rsm;pGmudkaomfvnf;yJ/ 0kawåm = ajymqkdtyfonf/ ormaem = jzpfvwfaomf/ embdoZÆwd = pdwfxJü Niduyfí rae? ]]ighukd ajym&aumif;vm;}}[k pdwfxJü NiduyfrIr&Sd/ e ukyÜwd = pdwfrqkd;/ e AsmyZÆwd = azmufjyefwJhpdwftrlt&m r&Sd/ e ywd|D,wd = &efNidK; zJGUrI r&Sday/ aumyÍö = trsufukdvnf;aumif;/ a'goÍö = a'gow&m; ukdvnf;aumif;/ tyÜpö,Íö = rESpfoufrIukdaomfvnf;aumif;/ e ygwkua&mwd = xif&Sm; rjyay/ pdwfxJrSm enf;enf;rS rcHcsifayrJhvkdY olwpfyg; odatmif xkwf azmfNyD; ajymrI jyrI r&Sdbl;? b,favmufyJajymajymç ajymcsifwmajymyg ap olajymwmu olUuHyJç udk,fajymwmu udk,fhuHyJ/ ukd,fjyKwmu ukd,hfuHyJç oljyKwmu olUuHyJvkdY 'Dvkd uH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd ESvHk;oGif;NyD;awmh onf;cHw,f? olu olawmfaumif;w&m;ukd ESvHk;oGif;Ekdifw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm trsufrxGufbl; qkdwmuawmh Owå&m trsKd;aumif; orD;wkdYuJhokdY arwåmpsmefukd 0ifpm;EkdifwJhpdwfxm;onf txGwftxdyf okdY a&mufaewJh pdwfxm;rsKd;yJ/ wpfbufom;yk*¾dKvfu b,fvkdyif ajym csifwm ajymygapç jyKvkyfcsifwm jyKvkyfygap? rdrdu xkdowå0gawG tay:ü jzefYMuufNyD;awmh arwåmpsmefawG 0ifpm;NyD; aeEkdifr,fqdk&if xkdarwåmpsmef 0ifpm;aewJh rsufESmtaetxm;ukd xkdtcsdeftcgrSm Munfhprf;Munfhyg/ t½kyfqkd;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfcsifjzpfygap arwåmpsmef 0ifpm; aewJh tcsdeftcgrSm wpfenf;wpfzHktm;jzifh Munhf½IvkdY tifrwefaumif; aewJh trsKd;aumif;om; trsKd;aumif;orD; jzpfaewwfygw,f/ uHawGukd xlaxmifpOf tcsdeftcgwkef;u wpfbufom;tay:rSm tifrwefBuD; rm;wJh arwåm u½kPm"mwfawGESifh xlaxmifaewJhuH jzpfjcif;aMumifh 'DuHu tusKd;ay;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm bmjzpfrvJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-245/) {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jznfhusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk aqmufwnfíxm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemuf umvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&m jzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfewfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = y#doaE¨ tm;jzifh uyfa&muf&ay\/ 'Dae&mrSmawmh - tu,fírsm; arwåmpsmef &&SdcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh? xdkarwåmpsmefuvnf; aoonfwdkifatmif ravQmuscJhbl;qdk&ifawmh xkdarwåmpsmefawGuawmh jA[®mhjynfvkdYac:qkdtyfwJh ewfjynfewfavmuukd ykdYaqmifay;rSmjzpfw,f/ arwåmpsmef&JU aU&SaemufrSm&SdwJh arwåm bm0emuHawGuawmh ewfjynfewfavmuudk ydkYaqmifay;rSmjzpfw,f/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? ygom'daum a[mwd/ ygom'duoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H tauúm"aem a[mwd tEkyg,moA[kavm? A[krÜd 0kawåm ormaem embdoZÆwd e ukyÜwd e AsmyZÆwd e ywd|D,wd? e aumyÍö a'goÍö tyÜpö,Íö ygwkua&mwd/ (r-3-245-246/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumihf/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfewfavmuokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&onf jzpfjim;tHh/ ewfjynf ra&mufbl;xm;ç 'DarwåmpsmefawGuvnf; raocifrSm taMumif;wpfckckaMumifh avQmusoGm;vdkY 'DarwåmpsmefawG&JUpGrf;tm; aMumifh jA[®mhjynf ra&mufbl;xm; ---- oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&Sdvmonfjzpfjim;tHh/ arwåmpsmef&JU aU&Sykdif;rSm jzpfay:aewJh umrm0p&ukokdvfpdwf apwemawGvnf; &Sdw,f? arwåmpsmefukd yGm;rsm;NyD;wJhaemufç aemuf ykdif;rSm owå0gawGtay:ü xm;&SdwJh arwåmESifh,SOfaewJh umrm0p& ukokdvf pdwfapwemawGvnf; &Sdw,f? tJ'D pdwfapwemawGu vlUjynf vlUavmuukda&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/ arwåm psmefawGuawmh jA[®mhjynfukd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;Ekdifw,f? tu,fí jA[®mhjynfukd ra&mufbl;xm; vlUjynfvlUavmuukd jyefNyD; a&muf&SdvmcJhr,fqkd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#d oaE¨tm;jzifh wpfzefjzpfay:í vm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd; tEG,fü/ ygom'daum = MunfndKzG,f&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ygom'duoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H tauúm"aem a[mwd tEkyg,moA[kavm? A[krÜd 0kawåm ormaem embdoZÆwd e ukyÜwd e AsmyZÆwd e ywd|D,wd? e aumyÍö a'goÍö tyÜpö,Íö ygwkua&mwd/ (r-3-246/) 'umawmf okbvkvif...MunfndKzG,f*kPfukdaqmifEkdifwJh Oy"d orÜwåd ½kyf&nfESifhjynfhpHkzdkYtwGuf 'g[m tusifhwpfckyJ/ bmtusifhvJ¿ a'gorBuD;jcif; trsufa'gorBuD;jcif;? b,favmufyJ olrsm;awGu ajymcsifajymygap b,fawmhrS pdwfrqkd;bl;ç b,fawmhrS pdwfazmufjyef wJhtrlt&mukd rjybl;ç b,fawmhrS &efNidK;rxm;bl;ç trsufukdvnf; b,fawmhrS xif&Sm;rjybl;ç a'goukdvnf; b,fawmhrS xif&Sm;rjybl;ç rauseyfcsufawGukdvnf; b,fawmhrS xif&Sm;rjybl;? tJ'Dvkd rjyjcif; qkdwJh usifh0wfy#dywfonf MunfndKzG,f*kPfudk aqmifEkdifwJh tifrwef acsmarmvSywJh Oy"dorÜwådac:wJh½kyf&nfESifh jynfhpHkzkdY&ef taMumif;wpfck usifh0wfwpfckjzpfw,fvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mxm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm bkef;BuD; owd&vkdY &efNidK;zGJUrIESifh ywfoufNyD;awmh --okb'´gtaMumif;udk ajymcsifygw,f/ pavOD;ykn&JU pum;vHk;ESifh oHk; &ifawmh r,frif;BuD;r okb'´gyJ/ wpfcsdef -- bkef;BuD;wkdY jrwfpGmbk&m; ocif[m aZw0efausmif;wkduftwGif; "r®moeyv’ifxufrSm w&m; a[mawmfrlaew,f/ bk&m;&Sif w&m;a[mawmfrlwJhtcsdeftcgrSm w&m; emy&dowfxJrSm bdu©KeDrawGvnf; ygMuw,f/ tJ'D bdu©KeDrawGxJu bdu©KeDruav;wpfyg;u pdwfxJ b,fvkdjzpfvmovJ¿ w&m;a[mawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sif&JU (32)yg;aom a,mufsm;jrwf wkdY&JUvu©Pmç (80)aom vu©Pmawmfi,fç a&mifjcnfawmf ajcmuf oG,fwkdYjzifh wifhw,fpHy,fNyD; tifrwefom,mwJh jA[®mrif;&JU toHESifh wlaewJh toHawmfeYJ w&m;a[maewmukd Mum;em&awmh pdwfxJrSm tifrwef MunfEl;aew,f? 'Davmufawmif usufoa&r*Fvmtaygif; ESifh jynfhpHkaewJh a,mufsm;jrwfwpfOD;ukd ]]igonf wpfcsdefwkef;ursm; olU&JUajc&if;tvkyftauR;rsm; jzpfcJhzl;ovm;}}vkdY pdwful;MunfhowJh/ yg'y&dpm&dumac:ygw,f/ ajc&if;tvkyftauR;qkdwm 'umBuD;awG 'umrBuD;awG em;vnfMuovm;¿ yg&rDjznfhzufukd ajymwmygyJ/ olUajc&if;rSm olU&JUtdrf&SifrtjzpfESifh yg&rDrsm;jznfhusifhcJhzl;&JUvm; vkdY olu w&m;ae&if;eYJ pdwful;MunfhowJh/ tJ'Dawmh tJ'Dvkd pdwful; MunfhvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm pdwful;ae&if;ESifh olU&JU yg&rDtm;avsmfpGm Zmwdó&ÓPfuav;awGudk &&Sdvmw,f? twdwfb0awGukd vSrf;NyD; awmh qef;ppfMunfhvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm wpfb0NyD; wpfb0 vkdufNyD; MunfhvkdufwJhtcg aemufqHk; q'´efqifrif;b0rSm olU&JUtvkyftauR; yg'y&dpm&dumvkdYac:wJh ajc&if;tvkyftauR;jzpfcJhzl;wJh b0ukd oGm;NyD; awGUw,f? awGUvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh 0rf;omvkdufwm -- ]'Dvkd a,mufsm;jrwfwkdY&JU yg&rDukd igjznfhusifhcJh&wm igh&JUb0[m tifrwef wefzkd;&Sdw,f} - vdkY olUpdwfxJ oabmaygufNyD;awmh tifrwef 0rf;om w,f/ 0rf;omayrJhvkdY olu enf;enf;av;xyfNyD; pOf;pm;jyefw,f? 'D tcsdefrSm w&m;uvnf; tifrwef &ifhanmif;vmNyDESifh wlygw,f? &ifh anmif;vmwJh tcsdeftcgrSm olpOf;pm;yHku 'Dvdkyg --- [pmrSmygwm ajymwmaemf? 'umrBuD;awGukd apmif;ajymwm r[kwfbl;? BudKNyD;awmh enf;enf; owday;xm;&r,f? pmrSm b,fvkdygovJ¿] yg'y&dpm&dum emr omrdumeH [dwZÑmo,m tyÜum? (Zm-|-5-37/) yg'y&dpm&dum emr = ajc&if;tvkyftauR; trsKd;orD;wkdY rnfonfum;/ omrdumeH = tdrf&Sifa,mufsm;wkdY\/ [dwZÑmo,m = tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwonfh tZÑmo,"mwf&SdolwkdYonf/ tyÜum = enf;yg;vSukef\/ ajc&if;tvkyfauR; trsKd;orD;wkdYqkdwm tdrf&Sifa,mufsm;&JU tusKd; pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh tZÑmo,"mwf&Sdolu odyfenf;w,f? [kwfovm; r[kwfovm;¿ ukd,fh[mukd,f pOf;pm;MunfhMu/ t[dwZÑmo,m0 A[kw&m? (Zm-|-5-37/) t[dwZÑmo,m0 = tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd rvkdvm; rawmifhwwJhpdwf xm; (tZÑmo,) &SdaewJhyk*¾dKvfwkdYuomvQif/ A[kw&m = tvGefYtvGef rsm;vSukef\/ r&Sdbl;vkdYajymwm r[kwfbl;? tdrf&Sifa,musfm;wkdY&JU tusKd;pD;yGm; ukd rvkdvm; rawmifhwwJh tZÑmo,"mwfcH&SdaewJh yk*¾dKvfawGu odyf rsm;Muw,f/ [dwZÑmo,m Ek acg t[H £ró r[myk&doó ta[moðç t[dwZÑmo,m/ t[H = igonf/ £ró r[myk&doó = þa,mufsm;jrwf\/ [dwZÑmo,m = tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwwJh tZÑmo,"mwfcH &SdaewJh trsKd;aumif;orD;onf/ ta[moð Ek acg = jzpfcJhavoavm/ t[dwZÑmo,m = tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd rvkdvm; rawmifhwwJh tZÑmo, "mwfcH&SdaewJh trsKd;orD;onf/ ta[moð Ek acg = jzpfcJhavoavm/ 'Dtdrf&Sifa,mufsm;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwwJh trsKd; aumif;orD;yJ jzpfcJhavovm;¿ tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd rvkdvm; rawmifhw wJh trsKd;aumif;orD;yJ jzpfcJhavovm;vkdY olu wpfqifhwufNyD;awmh pOf;pm;w,f? pOf;pm;cef;0ifjyefw,f/ 'DpOf;pm;yHkudk Munfhvkduf&ifawmh ol[m yg&rDawmfawmfuav; &ifhanmif;aeNyDvkdYawmh ,lq&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd pOf;pm;vkdufwJh tcsdefcg usawmh bmtajzxGufvmovJ¿ t[dwZÑmo,-tdrf&Sifa,mufsm;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;awmifhwaewJh tZÑmo,"mwfcH r&SdwJh trsKd;orD;jzpfcJhwJh tjzpfukd oGm;awGUvkdufw,f? awGUvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgus awmh tJ'DrSm bmjzpfovJ¿ -- 0rf;enf;aMuuGJrI aomurD;awG [kef;[kef; awmufavmifvmNyD; ajzrqnfEdkifwJhtwGuf xdkbdu©KeDruav;[m w&m;yJGxJrSm ½IdufBuD;wiif idkNyD;awmh csvkdufygava&m/ xdkidkyGJudk jrifawGU&wJhtcg bk&m;&Sifvnf; jyHK;&,fawmfrlcJhygw,f/ jyHK;&,fawmfrl&jcif;\taMumif;udk oHCmawmfu ar;jref;avQmufxm; wJhtcg bk&m;&Sifu q'´efqifrif;Zmwfawmfudk a[may;awmfrlygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh q'´efqifrif;ZmwfrSm twkdcsKyfajym&r,fqdk&if olu rajymy avmufwJh taMumif;t&muav;wpfckESifh bk&m;tavmif;awmftay: rSm &efNidK;zJGUcJhw,f/ ckeuajymcJhwJh ywd|D,wd? pdwf"mwfu &efNidK;zJGUxm; w,f? &efNidK;zJGUw,fqkdwmu pdwfxJrSm wGefYqkwfwGefYqkwf jzpfaew,f/ bmwGefYqkwfovJ¿ -- ]awmfprf;ygç 'if;taMumif; rajymprf;ESifh? 'if;eYJ rsufESmcsif;qkdif&rSmudku pdwfxJrSm tifrwef 0efav;w,f? 'if;ukd igrsufESmcsif; rqkdifcsifbl;} rsufESmcsif; rqkdifcsifwJhpdwfxm;awGu? ol ESifhrsufESmcsif;qkdifvkdwJh pdwf"mwfuae wGefYqkwfoGm;wm? rvTJra&Smif omvkdY awGU&awmifrS rsufESmu a&SmifvTJypfvkdufw,f? 'gwGefYqkwfae wm? 'gukdyJ &efNidK;zJGUxm;w,fvkdY bmomjyefxm;w,f/ tJ'Dawmh olu bm&efNidK;zJGUovJqkdawmh rajymyavmufwJh taMumif;t&muav;wpfckukd MunfhNyD;awmh &efNidK;zJGUw,f/ b,fvkd rajymyavmufwJh taMumif;t&mvnf;qkdawmh - q'´efqifrif;wkdY aewJhae&m ywf0ef;usifu tifrwefom,mwJh awmawmifvdkY pmu zJGUxm;ygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm ajymvkd&if;uawmh tifMuif;awmBuD;wpfck &SdwJh taMumif;yJ/ olwkdYae&m0ef;usifukd 0kdif;xm;wJh tifMuif;awmBuD; wpfck&Sdawmh wpfaeYrSm tifMuif;yifawGu yifvHk;uRwfyGifhaeMuNyDqkdwJh owif;aumif;wpfckudkMum;&awmh q'´efqifrif;trSL;&SdaewJh &Spfaomif; aomqifawGu 'DtifMuif;awmrSmoGm;NyD;awmh aysmfyg;Muw,f? O,smOf upm;Muw,f/ tJ'Dvkd aysmfyg;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm r,frif;BuD;r plVokb'´g u wpfbuf? r,frif;BuD;r r[mokb'´gu wpfbufayghav? olUrSm rdzk&m;u ESpfOD;&Sdaew,f/ plVokb'´gu b,fbufuaeovJ qkdawmh avtxufbufu aew,f? r[mokb'´gu avatmufu aew,f? tJ'Dawmh avtxufbuf aeaewJh plVokb'´guwpfbuf? av atmufuaeaewJh r[mokb'´guwpfbuf ESpfbuf&SdwJh teufu tifMuif;yef;awGukd ESmarmif;ESifh vSrf;qGwfNyD;awmh jrL;wl;aysmfyg;MuwJh tydkif;rSm [kdopfyifudkwkd;vkduf 'Dopfyifudkwkd;vkduf ponfjzifh awm upm;MuwJhtcg tifMuif;yifawGudkvnf; wkd;a0SUrdawmh ajcmufaoGUae wJh wcsKdUopfukdif;av;awG tenf;i,f usvmMuw,f? ajcmufaoGUaewJh tifMuif;&GufawGuvnf; a<uusvmMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkd a<uusvmwJh tcsdeftcgrSm avxufrSmaeaewJh plVokb'´g&JUukd,fay:ukd tJ'Dopf ukdif;ajcmuf tenf;i,fESifh opf&GufawGu usMuw,f? r[mokb'´g &JU udk,fay:udkawmh tifMuif;yef; 0wfrIefuav;awG usoGm;Muw,f/'gayrJh q'´efqifrif;uvnf; - enf;enf;uav;awmh rsufESmvkdufw,f vkdY r,lqESifhaemf -- pmxJygwm ajymwm/ q'´efqifrif;uvnf; olu tifMuif;yef;awGukd ESmarmif;ESifh qGwfcl;NyD;awmh r[mokb'´g&JUausmay:ukd jzefYusJNyD;awmh csay;vkduf jyefw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm r,frif;BuD;rokb'´gu &efNidK;zJGUjyefw,f - ]]Munfh prf; ightay:awmh opfukdif;ajcmufawG opf&GufawG a>ccsw,f? olU okb'´gtay:usawmh tifMuif;yef;yGifhawGukd a>ccsw,f}}- qkdNyD;awmh &efNidK;wpfcsuf zJGUvkdufw,f? 'geJY rNyD;ao;bl;? aemufwpfcg bmvkyf ovJ¿ aemufwpfcg olwkdY a&tkdifBuD;wpfckxJrSm a&upm;Mujyefw,f?/tkdifxJrSm a&upm;aepOftcsdeftcgrSm - 'Dtkdifu tifrwef xl;qef; aewJh y'kr®mMumyef;awG yGifhvef;wJh tkdifBuD;wpfckjzpfawmh tJ'DtkdifxJrSm tifrwef - owå0gawG&JU pdwfESvkH;ukd odrf;usKH;,lapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh tvGefwifhw,faewJh y'kr®mMumyef;BuD;wpfckukd qifwpfaumifu qGwf cl;NyD;awmh q'´efqifrif;ukd vmqufow,f? tJ'Dvkd qufovkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSmvnf; q'´efqifrif;u 'DtifrwefvSyaewJh y'kr®mMum yef;BuD;ukd r[mokb'´gukd vSrf;NyD;awmh urf;vkdufw,f? 0wfrIefawGukd pkyf,lNyD;awmh r[mokb'´gukdyJ ay;vkdufw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm r,frif;BuD;r okb'´gu - ]ighawmh ray;bl; Munfhprf; 'if;awmh oluay;w,f}qkdNyD; awmh &efNidK;zJGUvkdufjyefw,f/ b,favmufrsm; BuD;us,fovJ¿ - Munfh prf;? odyfNyD;awmh rBuD;us,fbl;/ tJ'Dvkd &efNidK;zJGUvkdufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm bmjzpfvmovJ¿ taMumif;wpfck &Sdw,f? q'´efqifrif; OD;aqmifaewJh 'Dqif taygif;wdkY[m t&SifyapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&Sif ig;&mwdkYukd rMumcP opfoD; qGrf;jzifh 0wfBuD;0wfi,f jyKpkaeMuwJh 'ge0wfawGjyKaeMuwJh qifolawmfaumif;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ wpfaeYrSm q'´efqifrif; OD;aqmifaewJh qiftaygif;wdkYu t&SifyapöuAk'¨gig;&mwkdYtm; opfoD;BuD;i,fwkdYjzifh ylaZmfuefawmhaewJhyJGrSm r,frif;BuD;r plVokb'´guvnf; ol&&SdvmwJh opfoD;BuD;i,fwkdYudk &SifyapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&SifwdkYtm; qufuyfvSL'gef; ygw,f? t&SifyapöuAk'¨gawGukd qufuyfvSL'gef;NyD;awmh olu bmvkyf ovJ¿ - yef;csDum;uav;wpfcsyfudk olu a&;qJGw,f? b,fvdk a&;qJGovJ¿ r,frif;BuD;rokb'´g a&;qGJvdkufwJh yef;csDum;wpfcsyf baEÅ £awm p0dwGm r'´&mZukav edAÁwådwGm okb'´g emr &mZunm [kwGm 0,yÜwåm Am&mPod&anm t*¾ra[odbm0H ywGm wó yd,m remyg ... (Zmwu-|-5-40/) baEÅ = t&SifjrwfwkdYbk&m; .../ £awm = þqifb0rS/ p0dwGm = pkawcJhonf&Sdaomf/ r'´&mZukav = r'´&mZfrif;rsKd;ü/ edAÁwådwGm = jzpfcJh&í/ okb'´g emr = okb'´g trnf&Sdaom/ &mZunm = rif;orD;onf/ [kwGm = jzpf&í/ 0,yÜwåm = t&G,fokdY a&mufcJhonf &Sdaomf/ Am&mPod&anm = Am&mPoDrif;\/ t*¾ra[odbm0H = t*¾ra[oD rdzk&m;BuD;b0okdY/ ywGm = a&muf&Sd&onfjzpfí/ wó = xkdAm&mPoD&Sifbk&if\/ yd,m = cspfjrwfEkd;tyfaom/ remyg = pdwfESvkH;ukdwkd;yGm;apwwfwJh trsKd;orD;onf/ ba0,sH = jzpf&ygvkd\/ ola&;qJGvkdufwJh yef;csDum;wpfcsyfudk Munfhyg? 'Dqifb0uae pkawNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm r'´&mZfrif;rsKd;rSm vloGm;NyD;awmh jzpfyg&ap? okb'´g trnf&SdwJh rif;orD; jzpfyg&ap? t&G,fa&mufwJh tcsdeftcg rSmawmh Am&mPoDrif;&JU t*¾ra[oDrdzk&m;BuD; jzpfygap? tJ'D t*¾ ra[oD rdzk&m;BuD;[mvnf; Am&mPoDrif;u tvGefcspfjrwfEkd;tyfwJh t*¾ra[oD rdzk&m;BuD;om jzpfyg&ap -- 'DqkawGudkawmif;w,f/ 'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm [kdwpfaeYuajymcJhwJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef taMumif;udk enf;enf;jyefNyD; qef;ppfMunfh? b,fvkd w&m;av; pcJh ovJ¿ terwa*¾g,H bdu©a0 oHoma&m? ykAÁm aum#d e ynm,wd t0dZÆmeD0&PmeH owåmeH wPSmoHa,mZemeH oE¨m0wH oHo&wH/ (oH-2-121/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ t,H oHoma&m = cE¨m tm,we "mwfwkdY&JU tqufrjywf jzpfay:íae&m ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOftwef;[k ac:qkdtyfwJh þoHo&monf/ terwa*¾g = ÓPfjzifh tpOfavQmufíaomfvnf; rodtyf rodEkdifaom tp&Sday\/ t0dZÆmeD0&PmeH = t0dZÆm eD0&Pw&m;onf ydwfzHk;umqD;tyfukefonf jzpfí/ wPSmoHa,mZemeH = wPSmwnf;[laom oHa,mZOfBudK;u &pfywfaESmifzJGUxm;tyfukefonfjzpfí/ oE¨m0wH = xkdb0rS þb0ç þb0rS xkdb0okdY wajymif;jyefjyef usifvnfusufpm; ajy;oGm;í aeMu&ukefaom/ oHo&wH = wpfckaom b0üvnf;yJ xyfumxyfum usifvnfusufpm; ajy;oGm;í aeMu&ukefaom/ owåmeH = owå0g wkdY\/ ykAÁm aum#d = a&S;tpGef;ukd/ e ynm,wd = rodtyf rodEkdifay/ t0dZÆmeD0&Pw&m;u ydwfzHk;umqD;xm;w,f? wPSmwnf;[l aom oHa,mZOfBudK;u &pfywfaESmifzJGUNyD;awmhxm;w,f/ tJ'Dvkd t0dZÆm eD0&Pu ydwfzHk;umqD;NyD;awmh wPSmwnf;[laom oHa,mZOfBudK;jzifh &pfywfaESmifzJGUcHae&wJh 'Dowå0gawG&JU oHo&mc&D;tpudk vSrf;arQmfNyD; ÓPfESifh tpOfavQmufMunfhcJhr,fqdk&if rodtyf rodEkdifwJh tp &Sdw,f? tckMunfhaygh q'´efqifrsKd;b0uaeNyD;awmh bdu©KeDb0 a&muf&SdvmNyD? b,favmuf oHo&mc&D;aMum &SnfcJhw,fqkdwm jyefMunfh? -- bmukd tajccHcJhovJ¿ t0dZÆmESifh wPSmudk tajccHcJhw,f/ 'Dawmh 'Dae&mrSm bmt0dZÆmvnf; ar;vkdufawmh r'´&mZfrif;rsKd;rSm rif;orD;jzpfyg&ap qkdNyD; olu 'Dqkudk awmif;xm;w,f/ okb'´g trnf&SdwJh rif;orD;jzpfyg&apvdkY qkawmif;w,f/ y&rw¬ opöme,fbufu Munfhvkdufawmh okb'´g trnf&SdwJh rif;orD;qkdwm &Sdovm;¿ r&Sdbl;/ tJ'D okb'´g trnf&SdwJh rif;orD;b0ukd &w,fyJxm;? tJ'Drif;orD;b0rSm wnf&SdwJh "mwfav;yg;udk pkdufNyD;½IEdkif&if ½kyfuvmyf trIefuav;awGudk awGUEdkifw,f? 'D½kyfuvmyfawGudk "mwfcGJEdkif&if y&rwftppf ½kyfw&m;awGudk awGUEkdifw,f? ½kyfw&m;awGudk odrf;qnf; NyD;wJhtcgrSm 'D½kyfw&m;udk tm½kHjyKNyD;ç 'D½kyfw&m;awGudk rSDjzpfaewJh emrfw&m;awGudk odrf;qnf;Edkifw,f/ ½kyfemrfudk odrf;qnf;EdkifvdkY ½kyfemrf cJGEkdif&if ½kyfw&m;tpktyHk emrfw&m;tpktyHkawGudkyJ awGUr,f/ 'Dawmh ½kyfw&m;tpktyHk emrfw&m;tpktyHkvkdY rodbJ -- okb'´g trnf&SdwJh rif;orD;vkdY todrSm;aewJh oabmu bmvJ¿ - t0dZÆm? tJ'D okb'´g rif;orD;b0ukd vSrf;NyD;awmh wG,fwmwyfrufwJh oabmu - wPSm? pdwfuyfNyD;pJGaewJhoabmu - Oyg'gef? 'Dt0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef awG jcH&HNyD;awmh t&SifyapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&SifwkdYtm; opfoD;qGrf;vSL'gef;wJh ukokdvfocFg&apwemawGukd jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufw,f? aemufwpfck -- t&G,fa&mufwJh tcsdeftcgrSm Am&mPoDrif;&JU t*¾ra[oD rdzk&m;BuD; jzpfyg&ap - 'Dqkudkvnf; awmif;xm;jyefw,f/ t*¾ra[oD rdzk&m;BuD;qkdwmu rdzk&m;xJrSm txGwftxdyfokdY a&mufaewJh rdzk&m;yJ/ tJ'D txGwftxdyfodkYa&mufaewJh tBuD;qHk; rdzk&m;BuD;qkdwm y&rw¬ opöme,frSm &Sdovm;¿ r&Sdbl;/ rdzk&m;vdkY todrSm;aewJh oabmu t0dZÆm? 'Drdzk&m;b0ukd wG,fwmwyfrufaewJh oabmu wPSm? pdwf uyfNyD; pJGaew Jhoabmu Oyg'gef? 'Dt0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef oHk;ckwdkY jcH&HNyD;awmh bmuHukd xlaxmifvkdufovJ¿ t&SifyapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&Sif wkdYtm; opfoD;qGrf;vSL'gef;jcif;qkdwJh ukokdvfapwemocFg&awGukd jyKpk ysKd;axmifvkdufw,f/ aemufwpfck ----- ]]wó yd,m remyg}} t*¾ra[oD rdzk&m;qkdaomfvnf; wpfcgwpfav &Sifbk&ifwkdY&JU oabmwefxGmu rdzk&m;awGu odyfrsm;awmh rdzk&m;BuD;ukd cspfcsifrS cspfwm? 'gaMumifh olu 'gukd BudKwifNyD; umuG,fwJhtaeESifh - yD, remy - tJ'Dt*¾ra[oDrdzk&m;BuD;jzpf&ifvnf; 'DAm&mPoDrif;u tifrwef cspfjrwfEkd;tyfwJh rdzk&m;BuD;jzpfyg&ap --- wJh/ tifrwefaocsmatmif a&;qJGvkdufwJh yef;csDum;wpfcsyfyJ/ tJ'D yef;csDum; a&;qJGNyD;awmh aemufxyf olu bmqkawmif;jyefovJ¿ wH twåaem ½kpð uma&wHk orw¬m [kwGm wó tmpdud©wGm {uH vk'´uH ayaowGm £rH [w¬ð 0doyDawe oav’e 0dZÑmaywGm ZD0dwu©,H ygaywGm qAÁPÖ&Hoð 0dóaZÆaEÅ ,ru'aEÅ tm[&maywHk orw¬m a[mrd/ (Zmwu-|-5-40/) awmif;vkdufwJhqku awmfawmf&Snfw,f/ wH = xkdAm&mPoDbk&ifudk/ twåaem = rdrd&JU/ ½kpð = tvkdqE´okdY/ uma&wHk = jyKvkyfaptHhaomiSm/ orw¬m = pGrf;EkdifwJh trsKd;aumif; orD;onf/ [kwGm - a[mrd = jzpf&ygvkd\/ aemufqkawmif;yHku -- &Sifbk&ifBuD;u olUukdcspfwmawmh rSefNyD? 'Dqkawmif;NyD;NyD/ aemufxyf bmqkawmif;ovJ¿ olU&JUtvkdqE´ukd vkdufavsmEkdifatmif 'D&Sifbk&ifukd jyKvkyfEkdifwJh rdzk&m;jzpfyg&ap? olU pdwfBudKufukd tukefvkH;&Gufaqmifay;EkdifwJh &Sifbk&if jzpfygapwJh? 'Dqkudk aocsmatmif awmif;xm;w,f/ twåaem = rdrd\/ ½kpð = tvkdqE´ukd/ uma&wHk = jyKaptHhaom iSm/ orw¬m = pGrf;Ekdifaom rdzk&m;BuD;onf/ [kwGm = jzpf&í/ wó = xkdAm&mPoDrif;tm;/ tmpdud©wGm = ajymBum;NyD;í/ {uH vk'´uH = rkqkd;wpfa,mufukd/ ayaowGm = apckdif;í/ £rH [w¬ð = þ q'´ef qifrif;ukd/ 0doyDawe oav’e = tqdyfvl;xm;wJh jrm;jzifh/ 0dZÑmaywGm = ypfcGif;apí/ ZD0dwu©,H = toufukefjcif;okdY/ ygaywGm = a&mufapí/ qAÁPÖ&Hoð = a&mifjcnfawmf ajcmufoG,fukd/ 0dóaZÆaEÅ = vTwfíaeMuukefaom/ ,ru'aEÅ = qifpG,ftpHkwkdYukd/ tm[&maywHk = aqmif,lapjcif;iSm/ orw¬m = pGrf;EkdifwJh trsKd; aumif;orD;onf/ a[mrd = jzpf&ygvkd\/ &Sifbk&if? rdrd\ tvkdqE´twkdif; vkdufygaqmif&Gufay;EkdifwJh &Sifbk&if jzpfygap/ 'Dqku wpfck/ aemufwpfck tJ'D&Sifbk&ifukd rkqkd;wpfa,mufukd apckdif;NyD;awmh 'Dq'´efqifrif;ukd tqdyfvl;wJhjrm;jzifh ypfcGif;Ekdifyg&ap? ypfcGif;NyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm q'´efqifrif;ukd taoowfEkdifyg&ap/ 'Dqkudk awmif; jyefw,f? q'´efqifrif;udk taoowfNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm a&mifjcnfawmf ajcmufoG,fwkdYjzifh &Trf;&Trf;a0 awmufyaewJh q'´efqifrif;&JU tpG,f ESpfacsmif;ukdvnf; t&,lEkdifygapwJh/ 'Dqkudkvnf; awmif;jyefw,f/ rsm;vkdufwJh t0dZÆmç rsm;vkdufwJh wPSm/ bmukd tajccHcJhovJ¿ rajymyavmufwJh &efNidK;zJGUrIav;ukd tajccHxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'um BuD;awG pdwf"mwfawGudk jyKjyifajymif;vJay;zkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ tJ'D qkawmif;vkdufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh -- tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfawG Munfhvkdufawmh t&SifyapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&SifawG jzpfMuw,f/ - tifrwef pifMu,fwJh udavomtmoa0g pifMu,faewJh wu,fholawmfaumif; tppfBuD;awG jzpfMuw,f/ vSLzG,f0w¬K ypönf;pkukd Munfhvkdufawmh -"r®d,v'¨ awmxJawmifxJrSm w&m;aomenf;vrf;jzifh &SmazG&&SdwJh ypönf;jzpfw,f/ xkdtcsdeftcgrSm olU&JU pdwfaepdwfxm;uav;rSm trsuf a'goBuD;rm;wJh &efNidK;zJGUxm;wmuvGJ&if olwkdY[m oDvpifMu,faewJh qifawGjzpfMuw,f/ oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfNyD;awmh MuJcs pkdufysKd;vkdufwJh 'D'geonf ckvkdyef;csDum;wpfcsyf a&;qJGvkdufwJh tcgrSm olUpdwfwdkif;us a&;qGJvdkufwJhtwdkif; ay:rvmbl;vm;¿ ay: vmw,f? olarQmfvifhawmifhwwJhtwkdif; okb'´g trnf&SdwJh r'´&mZf rif;orD;vnf; vmjzpf&w,f? olarQmfvifhawmihfwwJhtwkdif; Am&mPoD rif;&JU t*¾ra[oDrdzk&m;BuD;vnf; vmjzpf&w,f? olarQmfvifhawmifhw wJhtwkdif; &Sifbk&ifukd ol&JUtvdktBudKufodkY vkdufygapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh rdzk&m;BuD;vnf; jzpf&w,f? olarQmfvifhxm;wJhtwkdif; emrnfausmf jzpfwJh aomEkwå&rkqkd;ukd vTwfNyD;awmh q'´efqifrif;ukd qdyfvl;jrm;ESifh cGif;apEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh trsKd;orD;vnf; jzpf&jyefw,f? q'´efqifrif; ukdvnf; taoowfEkdifw,f? q'´efqifrif;&JU tpG,fESpfacsmif;ukdvnf; t&,lEkdifcJhw,f/ aumif;ovm;¿ tJ'g raumif;bl;qkdwm b,fusrS odovJ¿ bk&m;w&m;a[maewJh tcsdeftcgusawmhrS w&m;emae&if; usawmhrS aMomf - rSm;NyDayghqkdNyD; odw,f? tJ'D tcsdeftcgusawmh vGefroGm;bl;vm;¿ vGefoGm;NyD/ owdjyKoifhwJhtcsufrsm; ckvkd uHwpfckukd xlaxmifwJhtcg owdjyKoifhwJh tcsufuav; awGukd xyfajymOD;r,f --- ck 'D0w¬KrSmMunfhyg/ okb'´g[m rdrdqkawmif; yefxGmcJhwJhtwkdif; r'´&mZfrif;orD;vnf;jzpfvm&NyD? bmjzpfvkdY r'´&mZf rif;orD;b0ukd olu a&G;cs,f&ovJvkdY qef;ppfMunfhvkdufawmh --taMumif;uav;awG &Sdaejyefw,f/ Am&mPoDbk&if&JU rdzk&m;jzpfwJh tcg Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;ukd rdrd&JU tvkdtBudKufokdY vkdufygatmif qJG aqmifvkdwJh qE´"mwfawGu olUrSm jyif;jyaew,f/ 'D - vkdtifqE´awG jynfh0zkdYqkdwmu Oy"dorÜwdåqkdwJh vSywifhw,fwJh Oy"d½kyf&nfESifhvnf; jynfhpkHygrS trsKd;Zmwfuvnf; jrifhjrwfygrS vkdtifqE´ jynfh0Ekdifr,f/ Am&mPoDbk&ifuJhokdYaom wpfbufyk*¾dKvfuvnf; rdrdtvkdtBudKufokdY vkdufavsmEkdifvdrfhr,fqkdwmukdvnf; olu oabmaygufw,f/ r'´&mZf wkdif;qkdwmuvnf; tacsmtvSrSm o&zlaqmif;wJholawG wnf&SdwJh a'oqkdwmukdvnf; olu oabmaygufaew,f/ 'gaMumifh r'´&mZf rif;orD;jzpfzkdYukd a&S;OD;pGm qkawmif;,l&w,f/ 'Dqkawmif;yGJukd Munfh vkduf&if ola&;qJGvkdufwJh yef;csDum;csyf[m tvGefaphpyfaocsmaewm ukd awGU&w,f/ okdYaomf aphpyfvGefwJhtwGuf tcuftcJwpf&yfawmh xyfNyD; MuHK&jyefw,f/ olqkawmif;wJhtwkdif; r'´&mZfrif;&JU orD;&wemvnf; jzpf&NyD? Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;&JU t*¾ra[oDrdzk&m;acgifBuD;vnf; jzpf& NyD? Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;u tvGefcspfjrwfEkd;tyfwJh rdzk&m;vnf;jzpf&NyD? Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;ukd rdrd&JUtvkdtBudKufokdYvkdufygEkdifatmif qJGaqmif EkdifwJh rdzk&m;BuD;vnf; jzpf&NyD/ 'Davmufqkd&ifawmh rawmfoifhbl; vm;¿ rauseyfoifhbl;vm;¿ --- awmfoifhwmaygh auseyfoifhwmaygh/ rdrdu tqifhjrifhwJh vlom;wpfOD;jzpfae&NyD jzpfavawmh [kdawmxJrSm &SdaewJh wd&pämefwpfOD;tay:ü xm;&SdcJhzl;wJh &efNidK;awGukdvnf; arh aysmufoifhNyDaygh/ 'gayrJh rarhaysmufEkdifjzpfaew,f? q'´efqifrif;ukd rowf& raeEkdifjzpfaew,f? a&mifjcnfawmf ajcmufoG,fwkdYjzifh wifhw,fprÜ,faewJh q'´efqifrif;&JUpG,fawmfawGukd jzwfr,l&&if raeEkdif jzpfaew,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ --- uHaMumifhyJ/ olU&JU aumif;rIukokdvfukd jyefMunfhyg/ t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&SifwkdYtm; opfoD;qGrf;awGukd vSL'gef; ylaZmfcJhwJh aumif;rIukokdvfawGrSm q'´efqifrif;ukd owfjzwfvkdwJh pdwfxm; q'´efqifrif;&JU pG,fawmftpkHukd &,lvkdwJhpdwfxm;awGu jcH&H xm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DukokdvfuHukd xlaxmifcJhpOfu 'Dvkdpdwfae pdwf xm;awG jcH&Hxm;cJhwJhtwGuf 'DuHu tusKd;vmay;wJh Am&mPoDbk&if BuD;&JU rdzk&m;b0rSm q'´efqifrif;ukd rowf& raeEkdif jzpfaew,f? q'´efqifrif;&JU pG,fawmftpkHukdvnf; jzwfr,l& raeEkdifjzpfaew,f/ pdwfqef;Mu,fawmh uHawGuqef;Mu,fw,f? uHawGuqef;Mu,f jyefawmh owå0gawGvnf; qef;Mu,fMujyefw,f/ olUqkawmif;twkdif;yJ Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;ukd rdrd&JUtvkdtBudKufokdYvkdufygEkdifatmif qJGaqmif EkdifwJhtcg Am&mPoDbk&ifBuD;&JU trdefYawmfjzifh aomEkwådK&frkqdk;ukd apckdif;NyD; q'´efqifrif;ukd owfNyD; tpG,fawGukd&atmif ,lckdif;vkduf w,f/ 'DvkdkjyKvkyfvkdY&EkdifwJhuHrsKd;ukd xlaxmifcJhwJhtwGuf 'Dvkd&uf&uf pufpuf jyKvkyf&rS auseyfoGm;w,f/ rajymyavmufwJh taMumif;t&m uav;ukd tajccHNyD;awmh bk&m;tavmif;awmftay:ü &efNidK;zJGUjcif; qkdwJh rauseyfcsuf a'gow&m;awGukd jcH&HNyD; ukokdvfuHwpfckukd xlaxmifcJhrdwJhtwGuf 'DuHawG&JUpGrf;tifaMumifh 'DuHawGu &ifhusufvm vkdY tusKd;ay;wJhb0rSm 'Dvkdpdwfaepdwfxm;awGukd rwGef;vSefEkdif jzpfae w,f/ okdYaomf wu,fwrf; q'´efqifrif;&JUtpG,fawGukd jrifawGUvkduf &jyefawmhvnf; q'´efqifrif;&JU *kPfawmfaus;Zl;awmfawGukd jyef ajymif;NyD; trSwf&jyefw,f/ tBuD;tus,f 0rf;enf;aMuuJGNyD; ESvHk;uJG um aoyJG0if&&Smjyefw,f/ 'gaMumifh uHawGukdxlaxmifwJhtcgrSm owd&SdzkdY tvGefvkdtyfyg w,f/ a'goESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh uHawGu a'goESifhxkdufwefwJh tusKd;ukd ay;ovkd arwåmESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh uHawGuvnf; arwåmESifh ,SOfwJh tusKd;awGukd ay;wwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh bkef;BuD;ck&Gwfjyrnfh rmefvnf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;&JU tqkH;truav;ukd t&usufNyD; rdrdwkdY&JUpdwfukd qkH;ray;oifhw,f --- wefckd;ay:xif? ukokdvf&SifrS? vlwGifrn§dK;? pnf;pdrfNzdK;\/ usifh½kd; t&Sd? vrf;rSefodavmh? avmuDcsrf;om? aemifzkdY&Smonfh? ynm&Sdaygif; oljrwfaumif;wkdY? ESpfaxmif;0rf;om? jyKtyfpGm&Sifh? vlU&Gmaemufaemif? MuHwkdif;atmifvdrfh? om;armifoufESif;? usifhrysif;ESifh --- aMumif;&if; Mur®m? uHrygvQif? MuH&mrNyD;? tcsnf;ESD;jzifh? ysufpD;wwfpGm? rcRwf&m wnf;/ --- uvsmPm-uvsmP? usifhur®jzifh? yknç ygy? udpötrI? cJGa0½Iaomf? tukokdvfç ukokdvf? ESpfckukdvnf;? rjyKvkdcJ? jyKvkd&J\/ -uHrJGrajymif? uHraqmifvQif? *kPfa&mifrvS? rxGef;ybl;? 'ku©vlUabmif? qif;&Jacgifvdrfh? usifhaqmifr,kwf? apmifhukd,fEIwfESifh? 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ukZÑdwGm Oav’mudwwåm ye [w¬yg'rkctu©demomed ygyged 0d½lyged ta[okH/ awe wH ]]yÍöygyD}} awG0 oÍÆmeðok/ (Zmwu-|-5-476/) rwådumyd@zave = ajrnufpkdifcJukd vSL'gef; ylaZmfcJh&onfh ukodkvfuH\ tusKd;qufaMumifh/ wóm o&D&H = xkdtrsKd;orD;&JU ukd,fcE¨monf/ zóorÜEéH = tawGUtxdaumif;ESifh jynfhpHkonf/ ta[mod = jzpfcJhavNyD/ ukZÑdwGm = yapöuAk'¨g bk&m;&Siftay:ü trsufa'goxGufí/ Oav’mudwwåm = armfMunfhcJhrdonfhtwGuf aMumifh/ wóm = xkdtrsKd;orD;&JU/ [w¬yg'rkctu©demomed = vuf-ajc-rsufESm-rsufvkH;-em;qkdwJh t*Fg ig;&yfwkdYonf/ ygyged = ,kwfrm ukefonf/ 0d½lyged = azmufazmufjyefjyef rvSry rwifhrw,fwJh toGifoP²mef &SdMuukefonf/ ta[okH = jzpfMuavukefNyD/ awe = xkdaMumifh/ wH = xkdtrsKd;orD;ukd/ ]]yÍöygyD}} awG0 = t*Fg ig;rsKd; ,kwfrmwJhol[líomvQif/ oÍÆmeðok = todtrSwfjyKMuukef\/ yapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&Siftm; ajrnufpkdifcJukd vSL'gef;ylaZmfcJh&wJh 'D aumif;rIukokdvfuH&JUtusKd;aMumifh 'DtrsKd;orD;&JU cE¨mukd,f[m tvGef awGUxdvkdYaumif;wJh tom;ta&ESifh jynfhpkHvm&w,f/ 'gayrJh -- 'D aumif;rIukokdvfrSm yapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&Siftay:ü --- ajrnufukdawmif tvSLcH&aumif;vm; qkdwJh rauseyfcsufawGu 0kdif;&Hxm;Mujyefw,f/a'goxGufNyD; jypfrSm;wJhpdwf"mwfESifh yapöuAk'¨gbk&m;&Siftm; armfMunfh cJhrdwJh tukokdvfuH --- ajrnufukdawmif tvSLcH&ovm; - vkdY jypfrSm;wJh pdwf"mwfjzifh ajymqdkrdwJh 0pDab' tukodkvfuHawGaMumifh vuf-ajc-rsufESm-rsufvHk;-em; --- qdkwJh t*Fgig;&yfwdkY[m ,kwf,kwfrmrm azmuf azmufjyefjyef rvSry jzpfMu&jyefw,f/ yÍöygyDqdkwJh bJGUxl;*kPfxl;jzifh csD;usL;cH&jyefw,f/ --- 'Dvkdqkd&if vSywifhw,fcsifwJholawG[m a'goESifh ,SOfwJGNyD;awmh a'goawGjcH&HNyD;awmh uHawGukdxlaxmifoifhovm;¿ pOf;pm;Muaemf - pOf;pm;Mu - 'DvkdykHyef;ruswJh ukd,ft*Fg&yfawGukd&&Sd jcif;[m pdwfaMumifhjzpf&w,fqkd&if 'Dpdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay; zkdY roifhbl;vm;¿ tacsmqkH;tvSqkH; pdwf"mwfuav;awGom quf wkdufjzpfaeatmif oDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh a&pifa&aumif;awGESifh tjrJwrf; aq;aMumay;oifhw,f? 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'Dawmh tJ'Dvkd pdwfxm; uav;[m tdrfrSm xkdifae&if;ESifh tvum;&wJh tukokdvfpdwfxm;yJ/ pdwfrxm;wwfvdkY tacsmiftukokdvfjzpf&wm/ 'Dawmh rdrd&JU pdwfae pdwfxm;uav;ukd jyKjyifajymif;vJypfzkdY vkdtyfw,f/ 'Dawmh 'Dpdwfxm; awGu bmjzpfvmEdkifovJ¿ aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmuf wnfíxm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkd jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh tukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif; aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&m jzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmom qE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ 'Dvkd jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm;uav;udk jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifh aecJhr,fqdk&if aumif;pGmaqmufwnfxm;cJhr,fqdk&if aumif;pGm vkduf emNyD; jyKusifhcJhr,fqdk&if 'Dpdwfxm;u i&Ja&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;Ekdif w,f/ Munfhprf; - tacsmif tukodkvfawGudk &vkdufwmyJ? i&Ja&muf aMumif; uHawGudk &vkdufwmyJ/ 'Dawmh rdrdwkdYu 'Di&Jukd tvkdr&Sdbl; qkdvkdY&Sd&if 'Dvkd jiLplapmif;ajrmif;aewJh pdwfxm;uav;awGudk jyKjyif ajymif;vJypfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ ewfjynf ewfavmurSm wcsKdUwcsKdUewfawG &SdMuw,f? raemya'goduewfqkdNyD; pmrSmawmh emrnfay;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'DewfawG[m yJGvrf;obifwpfckckukd oGm;MuNyDqkdMupYkd? olwkdY&JU pnf;pdrf*kPfod&f tm; avsmfpGm tifrwef tqifhtwef;jrifhwJh &xm;awG tqifhtwef;jrifhwJh ta>ct&HawGç tqifhtwef;jrifhwJh 0wfpm;wefqmawGç 0wfpm;qif,if NyD;awmhrS oGm;Muw,f/ bkef;uHenf;yg;wJh ewfawGusawmh olwdkYavmuf tqifhrjrifhbl;? &xm;qkdvnf; cyfnHhnHhç um;qkdvnf; cyfnHhnHhaygh/ tJ'Dvkd cyfnHhnHhESifh oGm;&awmh tqifhtwef;jrifhaewJh ewfawGukd MunfhNyD; tqifhtwef;edrfhaewJh ewfawGu jiLplMuw,f ar;aighMuw,f/ [kdbufu tqifhtwef;jrifhaewJh yk*¾dKvfawGuvnf; b,fvkdjzpfovJ¿ eifwkdYeJY wkdYeJY bmqkdifvkdYvJ - a[m - jzpfNyD? wkdYvnf; wkdYuHeJY wkdY jzpfwmyJ? eifwkdYvnf; eifwkdYuHeJY eifwkdY jzpfwmyJ bmqkdifvJ¿ bmqkdifvJ¿ bm qkdifvJ¿ eJY wpfa,mufESifh wpfa,muf a'gojzpf&if;ESifh ESpfbufvHk; aoMuw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh 'D£ómuav;u olwkdYukd tao owfvkdufwmyJ/ 'DewfawG&JUcE¨mudk,f[m tvGefEl;nHhodrfarGUygw,f/ 'Da'gotyl&Sdef"mwfudk cHEdkif&nfpGrf;tif r&Sdbl;/ ausmufzsmay:rSm wpfaeYvHk; aeylvSrf;xm;wJh Mum½kd; MumpG,f Mumyef;awGvdkyJ olwdkY&JU udk,fcE¨m[m a'gotyl&SdefaMumifh n§dK;EGrf;oGm;cJh&if jyefNyD;awmh r&Sif oefEdkifawmhbl;/ £ómw&m;u = £ómESifh ,SOfaewJh a'gow&m;u olwdkYudk taoowfvdkufwmyJ/ owfNyD;awmh b,fykdYOD;rvJ¿ i&Ja&muf atmif ykdYOD;r,f/ 'Dawmh 'Dvkd pdwfaepdwfxm;rsKd;uav;awGudk jyKjyif ajymif;vJypfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfygw,f/ ukd,fhuHESifhukd,f jzpfMuwmyJ? udk,ftusnf;wef t½kyfqkd;&wm b,folaMumifhvJ¿ ukd,fhuHaMumifhyJ/ ukd,fta>ct&H enf;yg;wmvnf; ukd,fhuHaMumifhyJ/ 'gaMumifh ----- aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? tayÜoau©m a[mwd/ tayÜou©oH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H £ómreaum a[mwd? y&vmbouúm&*½kum&rmee0E´eylZemok £ówd Oy'kówd £óH AE¨wd/ (r-3-246/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuGJysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpf aom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf &onfjzpfjim;tHh/ 'umawmf okbvkvif ... cE¨mudk,f ysufpD;NyD;aemuf aovGef oGm;wJhtcg csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQr&SdwJh raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform; awG&JU vm;a&muf&mjzpfwJh tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJG ysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&mjzpfwJh i&Jukd tu,fí ra&mufcJh&if b,fvkd jzpfrvJ¿ i&Jukd ykdYaqmifvkdufwmuawmh oEéd|me apwemuykdYaqmifvkduf wm/ jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm;ESifh olwpfyg;wkdY&JU vmbf&rI t½kd taocH&rI tav;pm;cH&rI tjrwfEkd;cH&rI t&Sdckd;cH&rI tylaZmfcH&rIwkdY tay:rSm jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh jypfrSm;aewJh &efNidK;zGJUaewJh wu,fwrf; jypfrIvGefusL;aewJh apwemawGukd oEéd|me apwemvkdYac:w,f/ tJ'D tukokdvfapwemawGu 'Dowå0gukd i&Jukd a&mufatmifykdYr,f/ ol wpfyg;awGtay:rSm ukd,fxufomremvkdwJh jiLplapmif;ajrmif;cJhwJh jypf rSm;cJhwJh 'Dpdwfxm;awG&JU aU&Sykdif; aemufykdif;rSmygaewJh £óm"mwfaiGU ruif;wJh tukokdvfapwemawGu tusKd;ay;zkdY tcgtcGifhoifYvkdY&Sd&if bmjzpfovJ¿ uyfNyD; n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufawmhr,f --- um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY&JU vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&JNydKuGJ ysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&mjzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&mufcJh&onf jzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlU avmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&SdvmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ aoNyD;aemuf i&Jra&mufawmhbJ wjcm;ukokdvfuHaMumifh vlUjynf vlUavmuudk a&muf&SdvmNyD qdkMupdkY .. ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh wpfzef jzpfay:vm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd; tEG,fü/ tayÜoau©m = enf;yg;aom ta>ct&Honf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ ta>ct&H enf;yg;w,f? tem;rSm uyfcsifwJhyk*¾dKvf wpfa,mufrS r&Sdbl;? rawmfwq rvTJra&SmifomvkdY tdrfaxmifonfavmu tdrf axmifa&;avmuudk a&muf&SdoGm;&ifawmif om;orD; rxGef;um;csif bl;? aqGrsKd;om;csif;awGxJu wpfa,mufrSmrS tem;rSmvmNyD;aecsifwJh pdwfxm;r&Sdbl;? tem;rSm uyfNyD; jcH&Hrnfhyk*¾dKvf wpfOD;rS r&Sdbl;/ bmukd tajccHovJ¿ olwpfyg;wkdY&JU vmbf&rI t½kdtaocH&rI tav;pm;cH&rIS tjrwfEkd;cH&rI t&Sdcdk;cH&rI tylaZmfcH&rIwkdYtay:ü jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm;&SdrIudk tajccHaew,f? olvnf; olUuHtm;avsmfpGm olUpD;yGm;a&; tcGifhtvrf;awG ajzmifhwef;NyD;awmh csrf;omaew,f? tJ'gukd rdrdu xkdifNyD;awmh rMunfjzLEkdifbl; remvkdEkdifbl;? [kdvlUoGm;wkdY 'DvlUoGm;wkdYç [kdae&moGm;wkdYvkduf 'Dae&moGm;wkdYvkduf vkyfjyefw,f/ wkdYvkdufwJhtcg usawmh tJ'DuHav;awGu ckvdkb0rSm vmNyD;tusKd;ay;wmyJ/ rdrdem;rSm jyKpkrnfh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufrSvnf; r&Sdbl;? tem;uyfNyD;aecsifwJh yk*¾dKvf vnf; wpfa,mufrS r&Sdawmhbl;/ bkef;uHenf;yg;&jcif;onf bmudk tajccHovJ¿ jiLplapmif;ajrmif; wJhpdwfxm;ukd tajccHw,f? ta>ct&Henf;yg;&jcif;onf bmukdtajccH ovJ¿ jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm;ukd tajccHw,f? jiLplapmif;ajrmif; wJh pdwfxm;ukd arG;jrLjcif;onf ta>ct&Henf;yg;apwwfwJh usifh0wfukd usifhaejcif;yJjzpfw,f - qdkwmudk oabmaygufyg/ olwpfyg;awGrSm ta>ct&Hrsm;jym;aewmudk rMunfhvdkwJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrdta>ct&H enf; yg;zdkY&ef taMumif;wpfckjzpfw,f/ olwpfyg;wdkY t½kdtao tav;tpm; cH&rI tjrwfEdk;cH&rI tylaZmfcH&rIudk rMunfhvdkwJhpdwfxm;u rdrdudkvnf; ½kdaoav;pm;rnfh jrwfjrwfEdk;Edk; jyKpkvkyfauR;rnfhol r&SdzdkY&ef taMumif; wpfck jzpfw,f/ pdwfrxm;wwfvdkY &&SdwJh tusKd;w&m;awG jzpfygw,f/ aemufwpfckuawmh ajymif;jyefyJ --- ta>ct&Hrsm;jym;&jcif; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g tedómreaum a[mwd? y&vmbouúm&*½kum&rmee0E´eylZemok e £ówd e Oy'kówd e £óH AE¨wd? aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-246/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ ye = aemufwpfrsKd;aomf um;/ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsdKUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd; orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf; aumif;/ tedómreaum = jiLplapmif;ajrmif;aompdwfxm; r&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ y&vmbouúm&*½kum&rmee0E´eylZemok = olwpfyg;wkdY\ vmbfvmb&jcif; t½kdtaocH&jcif; tav;pm;cH&jcif; tjrwfEkd;cH&jcif; t&Sdckd;cH&jcif; tylaZmfcH&jcif;wkdYü/ e £ówd = rjiLpl rapmif;ajrmif;wwf/ e Oy'kówd = uyfí rjypfrSm;wwf/£óH = jiLplapmif;ajrmif;rIukd/ e AE¨wd = zJGUcsnfí rxm;wwf/ aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jyKusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkd rjiLpl rapmif;ajrmif;wwfwJh jzLpif ajzmifhpif;wJh pdwfxm;wnf;[laom aumif;rIukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwd jywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh uyfa&mufwnfae&ay\/ aemufwpfck Munfhprf; --- rGefjrwfvdkufwJh pdwfxm;awG - bmawG vJ¿ wcsKdUtrsKd;om;awG wcsKdUtrsKd;orD;awG &SdMuw,f? jiLplapmif; ajrmif;aewJhpdwfxm; r&SdMubl;? uHukd ESvHk;oGif;wwfwJh oabmxm; &SdMuw,f? olvnf; olUuHaMumifh bkef;uHBuD;rm;&w,fç ta>ct&H rsm; &w,f? igvnf; ighuHaMumifh ta>ct&H enf;yg;&w,fç rsm;jym;&w,f? 'Dvkd uH-uH\tusKd;ukd ESvHk;oGif;w,f? tJ'Dvkd ESvHk;oGif;NyD;awmh ol wpfyg;wdkY\ vmbf&rI olwpfyg;wkdY\ tav;pm;cH&rI tjrwfEkd;cH&rI tylaZmfcH&rIqkdwJh 'Dvkyfief;&yfawGrSm jiLplapmif;ajrmif;aewJhpdwfxm; b,fawmhrS r&Sdbl;/ tJ'Dvkd jynfhjynfhpHkpHk aqmufwnfNyD; jyKusifhvkdufwJh 'DuHaMumifh ewfjynfewfavmuudk a&mufEkdifw,f/ ykdufqH b,fESpfjym; ukefovJ¿ - wpfjym;rS rukefbl;/ pdwf"mwfudk jyKjyifajymif;vJvkdufwJh twGuf b0tqifhtwef;awG jrifhroGm;bl;vm;¿ jrifhoGm;w,f/ ol wpfyg;awGtay:ü jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJhpdwfxm; enf;enf;rS r&Sdbl;/ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? ra[oau©m a[mwd/ (r-3-246/) um,ó = udk,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY\ vm;a&muf&mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&onf jzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&Sdvmonfjzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:ívm&ay\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd;tEG,fü/ ra[oau©m = BuD;rm;aom bkef;uH&Sdonf (0g) ta>ct&H rsm;jym;onf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ ewfjynf ewfavmuudk ra&mufbl;yJxm;? vlUjynf vlUavmuudk tu,fírsm; a&muf&SdcJhr,fqdk&if b,ftrsKd;tEG,frSmyJ y#doaE¨tm; jzifh wnfae&onfjzpfapç bkef;uHBuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvf ta>ct&H rsm;jym;wJh yk*¾dKvf jzpfEkdifw,f/ ra[ou©oH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H tedómreaum a[mwd? y&vmbouúm&*½kum&rmee0E´eylZemok e £ówd e Oy'kówd e £óH AE¨wd/ (r-3-246/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ a,m = tMuif yk*¾dKvf onf/ tedómreaum = jiLplapmif;ajrmif;aom pdwfxm; r&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ y&vmbouúm&*½kum&rmee0E´eylZemok = olwpfyg;wkdY&JU vmbf&jcif; tylaZmfcH&jcif; tav;pm;cH&jcif; tjrwf Ekd;cH&jcif; t&Sdckd;cH&jcif; tylaZmfcH&jcif;wkdYü/ e £ówd = rjiLpl rapmif;ajrmif;wwfay/ e Oy'kówd = rjypfrSm;wwfay/ £óH = jiLplapmif;ajrmif;jcif; £óm w&m;ukd/ e AE¨wd = zJGUcsnfírxm;ay/ ,'d'H = tMuif £óm rrsm;jym;jcif;[k ac:qkdtyfaom tusifhonf/ tw¬d = &Sd\/ {om = þ £óm rxlajymjcif;[k ac:qkdtyfaom þusifh0wfonfum;/ ra[ou©oH0wåedum = bkef;wefckd;BuD;rm;jcif; ta>ct&Hrsm;jym;jcif;ukd jzpfapwwfaom/ y#dy'g = tusifhygay wnf;/ ta>ct&Hrsm;jym;jcif; bkef;wefckd;BuD;rm;jcif;qkdwJh usifh0wfy#d ywfwpfckonf bmvJ¿ £óm rrsm;jym;&bl;? olwpfyg;tay:rSm jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm; r&Sd&bl;/ jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwfxm; qkdwmu bmajymwmvJ¿ udk,fhxufom remvkdwJh pdwfxm;yJ? 'Dpdwf xm;rsKd; r&Sd&bl;/ ½kyftqif;rSmyJjzpfapç pD;yGm;a&;rSmyJjzpfapç ynma&; rSmyJjzpfap b,fta&;rSmyJjzpfjzpf ukd,fhxufom remvkdwJhpdwfxm; &Sd&rvm;¿ r&Sd&bl;/ ukd,fhxufom remvkdwJhpdwfxm; &SdchJr,fqdk&if bmjzpfovJ¿ i&Jaomfvnf; a&mufEkdifw,f/ ra&mufbl;xm;? vlUjynf vlUavmurSm wpfywf vlvmNyD; jyefjzpfcJhr,fqdk&ifawmifrS bmjzpf rvJ¿ ta>ct&Henf;yg;w,f bkef;uHenf;yg;w,f/ tu,fí £óm rxlajymcJhbl;qkd&if jiLplapmif;ajrmif;wJh pdwf xm; r&SdcJhbl;qkd&if ukd,fhxufomremvkdwJhpdwfxm;awG enf;enf;rS r&Sdbl;qkdvkdY&Sd&if a&mufav&mb0rSm bkef;uHBuD;rm;r,f? a&mufav &mb0rSm ta>ct&H rsm;jym;r,f/ 'g[m bmvJ¿ pdwf"mwfudk jyKjyif ajymif;vJa&;vkyfEdkifvdkY &&SdwJh tusKd;w&m;yJ/ uJ - eHygwfav; tpHkwpfckNyD;wJhtcg eHygwfig;tpHkudk jrwfpGmbk&m; qufa[mawmfrljyefw,f? emMum;Munfh&atmif .../ pnf;pdrfOpöm enf;yg;&jcif; = qif;&J&jcif; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g e 'gwm a[mwd orPó 0g jAm[®Pó 0g tEéH ygeH 0w¬H ,meH rmvm*E¨0davyeH ao,sm0oxy'Day,sH? (r-3-246/) pnf;pdrfOpömrsm;jym;&jcif; pnf;pdrfOpömenf;yg;&jcif;ESifh ywfouf vkdY jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlwJhw&m;yJ ----- rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þvlUavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ 'gwm = ay;vSLavh &Sdonf/ e a[mwd = rjzpf [tvSL'ge olu jyKavhr&Sdbl;]/ orPó 0g = orPtm;aomfvnf;aumif;/ jAm[®Pó 0g = jAm[®Ptm; aomfvnf;aumif;/ tEéH = xrif;ukdvnf;aumif; (0g) qGrf;ukdvnf; aumif;/ ygeH = tazsmf,rumukdvnf;aumif;/ 0w¬H = t0wfukdvnf; aumif;/ ,meH = ,mOfukdvnf;aumif;/ rmvm*E¨0davyeH = yef; eHYom eHYomaysmif;ukdvnf;aumif;/ ao,sm0oxy'Day,sH = ausmif; tdyf&mae&m qDrD;ukdvnf;aumif;/ 'gwm = ay;vSLwwfonf/ e a[mwd = rjzpf/ 'Dyk*¾dKvfuawmh ay;urf;pGefYMuJjcif; tvSL'gewpfckrSm csKdUwJhaew,f/ vSLzG,f0w¬KawGu bmvJ¿ - qGrf; tazsmf,rum t0wf ,mOf yef; eHYom eHYomaysmif; ausmif; tdyf&mae&m qDrD; - qkdNyD;awmh vSLzG,f0w¬K (10)ck &Sdygw,f? 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(r-3-247/) 'ge0w¬K - ckeu (10)rsKd; - qGrf;awG tazsmfawG t0wfawG ,mOfawG yef;awG yef;eHYomawG eHYomaysmif;awG tdyf&mawG ausmif; tdyf&mae&mawG qDrD;awG tm;vHk; vSL'gef;w,f? orP trnf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf jAm[®Ptrnf&SdwJh tvSLcHyk*¾dKvf xkdyk*¾dKvfukd ckeu vSLzG,f0w¬K (10)rsKd;udk rdrdu vSL'gef;w,f? tJ'Dvkd vSL'gef;NyD;awmh bmjzpfovJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-247/) jynfhjynhfpHkpHk jyKusifhxm;wJh aqmufwnfxm;wJh 'D'geukodkvfuH apwemaMumifh aoonf\tjcm;rJhü aumif;&mok*wdodkY a&mufw,f? b,fvkdyk*¾dKvfrsKd;vJ¿ a,bk,stm;jzifhaygh - a,bk,stm;jzifh owf rSwfcsufuawmh oDv&SdwJhyk*¾dKvftm;omvQif aumif;&mok*wdodkY a&muf Ekdifw,fvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu - [kd 'gElyywådokwåefrsm;rSm a[mxm; w,f? oDvr&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfa&m ra&mufEkdifbl;vm;vkdY ar;&ifawmh wpfcg wpf&H tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfbufu tvGefjrifhjrwfaewJh yk*¾dKvfjzpfvkdY rdrdu tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfwkdY&JU *kPfaus;Zl;ukd aocgeD;umvrSm ,lEkdifwJh pGrf;tm; &SdcJhr,fqdk&ifawmh aumif;&mok*wdudk a&mufwJh xHk;uav;awG enf; enf;awmh &Sdw,f? 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tpmtm[m& tvGef&Sm;yg;wJholwpfa,muf jzpf&w,f? olwpfyg;wkdY xHrSm ol&if;iSm; vkyfNyD; toufarG;&w,f? oHo&mü NiD;aiGUzG,f&m tjypfawGudk odjrifwJhtwGuf omoemabmifokdY 0ifa&mufum &Sif &[ef; jyKvkdaomfvnf; olwpfyg;wkdY&JU vkyfief;wm0efawGrSm tjrJwrf; BudK;yrf;ae&wJhtwGuf &Sif&[ef;jyKcGifhr& jzpfcJh&w,f/ ol&JUpOf;pm;cef; r[E¨um&yd[dwm? wd0d"*¾D[d !,Sa&/ aue Ekacg Oyga,e? 0doH,kawåm ba0 t[H/ a',s"ar®m p ar ew¬d? 0&maum bwaum t[H/ ,HElem[H yÍöoDvH? &au©,sH y&dyl&,H/ (ty'ge-1-85/) ar = ightm;/ r[E¨um&yd[dwm = BuD;rm;aom udavom trkdufwkdufwkdYu ydwfqkdYumqD;íxm;tyfygukef\/ wd0d"*¾D[d = i&JrD; NydwåmrD; oHo&mrD;qkdwJh okH;rsKd;aom rD;wkdYonf/ !,Sa& = w[kef;[kef; awmufavmifí aeMuygukef\/ t[H = igonf/ aue Ek acg Oyga,e = tb,frnfaom taMumif;Oyg,fwHrsOfjzifh/ 0doH,kawåm = auGuGif;&onf vGwfajrmuf&onf/ ba0 = jzpf&ygtHhenf;/ ighukd BuD;rm;wJh udavomtrkdufwkdufwkdYu ydwfqkdYumqD;NyD;xm; w,f? omoemawmfokdY0ifa&mufum &Sif&[ef;jyKvkdYr&atmif oHo&m 0#fu½kef;xGufvkdYr&atmif ydwfqkdYumqD;NyD;awmhxm;w,f/ i&JrD; Nydwåm rD; oHo&mrD; --- qkdwJh rD;okH;rsKd;wkdYuvnf; avmifNrdKufaew,f/ ig[m b,fykH b,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;jzifh 'D0#fqif;&J'ku©ESifh auGuGif; cJGcGm& yghrvJ¿ 'Dvkd olu pOf;pm;w,f/ aemufxyfvnf; pOf;pm;jyefw,f - ar = ightm;/ a',s"ar®m p = vSLzG,f0w¬Konfvnf;/ ew¬d = r&Sday/ t[H = igonf/ 0&maum = qif;&JEGrf;yg;vSaom/ bwaum = ol&if;iSm;onf/ trSd = jzpf&ay\/ t[H = igonf/ yÍöoDvH = yÍöoDvukd/ orm'd,dwGm = aqmufwnfí/ y&dyl&,H - y&dyla&aEÅm = jznfhusifhvsuf/ &au©,sH = xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf&ygrlum;/ ,HEle = aumif;avpG/ -- ighrSm olrsm;vkd tvSL'gejyKavmufatmif vSLzG,f0w¬Kqkdwmu vnf; r&Sdbl;/ ig[m qif;&JEGrf;yg;wJh ol&if;iSm;wpfOD;om jzpfw,f/ olwpfyg;udk rSDckdc,NyD; toufarG;&wJh vlom;wpfOD;omjzpfw,f/ ig[m ig;yg;oDv aqmufwnfNyD; jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jznfhusifhum xdef;odrf;apmifh a&Smuf&&ifawmh odyfaumif;rSmyJ --- 'Dvkd ollu pOf;pm;cJhw,f/ ol&JU ckvkd pOf;pm;ykHawGukd Munfh&ifawmh ol[m yg&rD awmfawmf uav;awmh &ifhanmif;vmNyDvkdY cefYrSef;vkdY&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd pOf;pm;NyD; awmh taemr'óD jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU vufsm&HwynfhBuD; t&Sifedob rax&fjrwfxHokdY oGm;a&mufum ig;yg;oDvukd cH,laqmufwnfvkdufyg w,f/ xkdtcsdeftcg[m vlwkdY&JUoufwrf; tESpfwpfodef;wrf; jzpfw,f/ tESpfwpfodef;wkdY umvywfvkH; aqmufwnfxm;wJh ol&JU oDvawGukd rusKd;rayguf rajymufrusm;atmif xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufcJhygw,f/ a&S;a&S; bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSmxJu 0dZÆmrsKd;aph aumif; p&PrsKd;aphaumif;qkdwJh t"dum&aumif;rIawGukd jznfhusifh qnf;yl;cJhwJh olawmfaumif;jzpfjcif;aMumifh taemr'óDbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm oDvukd aU&Swef;wifum yg&rDawGukd jznfhusifh cJhwmrSefayrJh a&wpfcGufaomfvnf; rvSLzl;bl;ç qGrf;wpfZGef;aomfvnf; ravmif;vSLzl;bl;ç w&m;awmfukdaomfvnf; wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ rem ,lzl;bl;ç w&m;bm0emukdaomfvnf; vkH;vkH;tm;rxkwfzl;bl; -- pwJh tcsufawGuawmh rjzpfEkdifwJh oabmawmh &Sdygw,f/ a&wpfcGuf avmufaomfvnf; vSLzl;aumif; vSLzl;Ekdifw,f? 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'Davmuf oDvukd jzLpifatmif ESpfaygif;wpfodef;avmuf xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;tzkdY 'Dvkd ukokdvfrsKd;awGukd jyKpkysKd;axmifzkdY&ef tcGifhta&;um; &EkdifwJhoabmawmh &Sdaumif;&SdEkdifygw,f/ oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm&yfwnfNyD; MuJcspkdufysKd;vkdufwJh 'ge ukokdvf orx0dyóemukokdvfawG[m tenf;i,fyif jzpfcsifjzpfyg ap? BuD;us,fzGHUNzdK; rsm;jrwfwJhtusKd;ukd ay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdygw,f/ aocgeD;umvokdY qkdufa&mufvmNyD/ 'DtcgrSm rdrd&JUoDvawGukd jyefajymif;NyD; qifjcifvkdufwJhtcg tESpfwpfodef;wkdYumvywfvkH; usKd;rI aygufrI ajymufrI Mum;rIr&SdbJ jzLjzLpifpif jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jznfhusifhEkdifcJh wmukd awGUjrif&wJhtcg tvGef0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfaew,f/ 'g[m odyfta&;BuD;ygw,f/ aocgeD;umvqkdwmu ESvkH;oGif; wpfcsufrSm; oGm;&if vrf;vGJoGm;EkdifwJh tcsdefrsKd;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd aocgeD;umvrSm rdrdoDvukd jyefqifjcifvkdufvkdY rdrd&JUoDvawG[m jzLpifrIr&Sdwmukd awGU &&if pdwfcsrf;omrIjzpfzkdY&ef tvGefcJ,Of;wJhoabm&Sdygw,f/ 'Dtcsuf uav;awG[m w&m;emy&dowfawG owdjyKoifhwJh tcsufuav;awG yJ/ tvGef&EkdifcJaom tusKd;xl; 'Dolawmfaumif;[m uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf ewfjynfokdY a&muf&SdoGm; w,f/ 'DoDvukokdvfwkdY&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh -- vlrif;pnf;pdrfç ewfrif; pnf;pdrfç pMu0aw;rif;pnf;pdrfawG tBudrfrsm;pGm cHpm;cJh&w,f/ taemr'óDjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU omoemawmfrSonf a*gwrbk&m;&Sif &JU omoemawmfokdYwkdifatmif wpfoacFsESifh urÇmwpfodef;wkdYumv ywfvkH; tyg,fav;bkHokdY wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ rvm;ra&mufcJh&bl;/ 'D avmuf tcsdefMumjrifhpGm tyg,fav;yg;rS vGwfajrmufrIqkdwJh tcGifh ta&;[m oHo&mwpfcGifrSm usifvnf&pOf tvGef&EkdifcJwJh tcGifhta&; wpfckom jzpfygw,f/ tusKd;xl; (3) &yf 'Dvkd oHo&mwpfcGif usifvnf&pOfrSm olUrSm b0wkdif; b0wkdif;rSm xl;jcm;wJh tusKd;w&m; (3)rsKd;ukd ol&&Sdw,f/ bmtusKd;awGvJ¿ ----- 'DCm,kaum r[mabma*gç wdu©yanm b0gr[H/ (ty'ge-1-86/) 1/ 'DCm,ku = touf&Snfjcif;ç 2/ r[mabm* = pnf;pdrfOpömrsm;jym;jcif;ç 3/ wdu©yn = xufjrufaomÓPfynm&Sdjcif; -- 'DtusKd;w&m; (3)rsKd;ukd b0wkdif;rSm oll&&Sdw,f/ oDvawGukd jzLpif atmif xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufcJhwJhtwGuf olUtoufowfjcif;rS a&Smif MuOfcJhw,f/ owå0gawGukd n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJhw,f/ owå0gawGukd pdwfqif;&Jatmif jyKrlajymqkdqufqHjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJh w,f/ 'D aumif;rIukokdvfuHawGu olUukd a&mufav&m b0wkdif;rSm usef;rmatmif tema&m*guif;atmif pdwfcsrf;omatmif touf&Snf atmif tm;ay;axmufyHhvsuf&SdMuw,f/ olwpfyg;pnf;pdrfOpömawGukd ckd;,ljcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJhw,f/ olwpfyg;wkdY&JU pnf;pdrfOpömawGukd zsufqD; jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfcJhw,f/ 'ge oDvpwJh p&PrsKd;aphaumif;awGukd jyKpk ysKd;axmifcJhw,f/ 'Daumif;rIukokdvfuHawGu pnf;pdrfOpömaygrsm;atmif &NyD; pnf;pdrfOpömwkdY rysufpD;atmif aqmif&Gufay;vsuf &Sdygw,f/ twdwfuxlaxmifcJhwJh p&PrsKd;aphawG&JU tusKd;qufawGyJ/ wpfzef y#dorÇd'gywå&[EÅmjzpfa&;twGuf &nf&G,fawmifhwvsuf 0dyóemÓPfqkdwJh 0dZÆmrsKd;aphaumif;awGukdvnf; xkdxkdbk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm xlaxmifcJhw,f/ 'Dvkd tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;vSwJh todxl; ÓPfxl;awGu yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awGu a&mufav&mb0rSm ÓPfynm xufjrufpl;&SwJh BuD;rm;wJhÓPfynm&SdwJh olawmfaumif; wpfOD; jzpfatmif pGrf;aqmifay;w,f/ 'gaMumifh wpfoacFsESifh urÇm wpfodef;qkdwJh umvtwGif;rSm b0wkdif;b0wkdif;rSm touf&Snf&w,f? 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tJ'Dyk'fyg|fawG&JU tqkH;tjzwfawGukd oif,ljcif;yJ/ 5/ ykAÁa,m* -- ykAÁa,m*taMumif;awmh cPcP ajymcJhNyD;ygNyD/ -a&S;a&S; bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfawGrSm qGrf;cHtoGm;tjyefwkdYrSm ur®|mef;ukdaqmif,lvsuf a*gMwbkÓPf&JU teD;tyg;jzpfwJh tEkavmr trnf&SdwJh ocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmif 0dyóembm0emukd yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfcJhzl;jcif;yJjzpfw,f/ (0dok'¨d-2-72/) 'Dt*Fg&yfawG[m yÍöoDvorm'ged, &[EÅmrax&fjrwf&JUoEÅmef rSmvnf; wnf&SdcJhNyD;jzpfw,fqkdwmukdawmh rarhygESifh/ 'Db0rSm t&[wåzkdvfukd vG,fvG,fululESifh &&Sda&;twGuf a&S;a&S;b0awGu a&S;a&S; bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfawGu b,favmuf olBudK;pm;cJh&w,f qkdwmukd Munfhyg/ aea&mifjcnfawGUxdvkdufwmeJY yGifhvmrnfh y'kr®m Mumyef;vkdyJç opömav;yg;ESifh pyfwJhw&m;pum;qkdwJh aea&mifjcnfyuf jzef;vkdufwmeJY r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfqkdwJh y'kr®mMumyef;awG toifhyGifhvm atmif BudK;yrf;cJhwJhtcsufawGu ykdNyD;cufcJw,fqkdwmukd oabmayguf yg/ 'Dvkd t&[wåzkdvfukd qkdufa&mufoGm;wJhtcg bmjzpfvmovJ¿ - Zmwd,m yÍö0aóe? t&[wårygykPð/ OyorÜm',d Aka'¨g? *kPrnm, pu©Krm/ (ty'ge-1-85??) ig;ESpfom;t&G,frSm t&[wåzkdvfokdY qkdufa&mufcJhNyD/ qkdufa&muf NyD;wJhtcg pu©Kig;wef ÓPftjrifESifh jynfhpkHawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sifu t&[wåzkdvfqkdwJh *kPfaus;Zl;ukd od&SdawmfrlwJhtwGuf &[ef;yÍöif; tjzpfukd cGifhjyKawmfrlvkdufygw,f/ rdrdwkdY&JU pdwf"mwfukd txGwftxdyfokdYa&mufatmif jr§ifhwifay; vkdufEkdifwJhtwGuf jyKjyifajymif;vJay;vkdufEkdifwJhtwGuf oHo&mwpf avQmufrSmom csrf;om½kHru aemufqkH;b0rSm tcsrf;omqkH; jzpfwJh edAÁmefcsrf;omBuD;ukd t&,loGm;wJh xkH;a[mif;wpf&yfyJjzpfw,f/ oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm&yfwnfNyD; orx0dyóembm0em pGrf;tm;awGjcH&Hum jyKpkysKd;axmifvkdufwJh 'ge[m --- touf&Snfjcif;ç pnf;pdrfOpöm aygrsm;jcif;ç ÓPfynm BuD;rm;xufjrufjcif; --- qkdwJh tusKd;w&m;awGukd &&SdEkdifw,fqkdwmukd oabmaygufMuyg? twk,lNyD; awmhvnf; usifhMuygvkdY wkdufwGef;ygw,f/ ukdif; --- plVur®0db*Fokwåef ukd jyefqufMu&atmif .../ uJ - aemuf eHygwf (6) tpHk wpfck ---- trsKd;,kwfnHhjcif; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g xa'¨g a[mwd twdrmeD ---- tbd0ga'wAÁH e tbd0ga'wd? ypöK|mwAÁH e ypöKa|wd? tmoem&[ó e tmoeH a'wd? r*¾g&[ó e r*¾H a'wd? ouúmwAÁH e ouúa&mwd? *½kumwAÁH e *½kua&mwd? rmaewAÁH e rmaewd? ylaZwAÁH e ylaZwd/ (r-3-247/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ xa'¨g = wif;rmaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ twdrmeD = tvGefarmufrmaom rmefrmew&m; xif&Sm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ pdwf"mwfu odyfcufxefwif;rmw,f? aysmhaysmif;El;nHhwJhpdwfxm; r&Sdbl;? olUudk oGm;NyD;ajym&if acsmhvkdY vG,fvG,fESifh r&Ekdifbl;? odyfNyD; pdwf"mwfawGu wif;rmw,f/ twdrmeD = tvGefrmefrme BuD;w,f/ rmeu enf;enf;BuD;wm r[kwfbl;? awmfawmfav;ukd BuD;w,f/ tbd0ga'wAÁH = &Sdckd;oifh &Sdckd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ e tbd0ga'wd = &Sdrckd;/ ypöK|mwAÁH = c&D;OD; BudKqdkoifh BudKqkdxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ e ypöKa|wd = c&D;OD; rBudKqkd/ &Sdckd;oifh &Sdckd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukdvnf; b,fawmhrS &Sdrckd;bl;? c&D;OD; BudKqdkoifh BudKqkdxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukdvnf; b,fawmhrS c&D;OD; rBudKqkdbl;? tmoem&[ó = ae&may;oifhay;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvftm;/ tmoeH = ae&mudk/ e a'wd = ray;/ ae&may;oifh ay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvf ae&mz,fay;oifh z,fay;xkduf wJhyk*¾dKvfukdvnf; b,fawmhrS ae&mz,fray;bl;? um;pD;wJhtcg &xm; pD;wJhtcg ykdNyD; 'DtawGUtMuHKawGrsm;vdrfhr,fxifw,f? touft&G,f BuD;wJhyk*¾dKvf oDv*kPf orm"d*kPf ynm*kPftm;jzifh BuD;jrwfawmfrlwJh yk*¾dKvfawG MuHKBudKufvkdY&Sd&if ae&mav; cPacwåz,fay;&wm tifr wef 0efav;Muw,f? ae&mtwGufESifhywfoufNyD; pum;awmifrsm;Mu ao;w,f? ae&may;oifh ay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd ae&mray;jcif;qkdwmu bmaMumifhvJ¿ -- rmeyJ? enf;enf;av;rS rdrdu tnHhcHcsifwJh pdwfxm; r&Sdbl;? ae&mav; z,fay;vkduf&wm ykdufqHb,favmuf ukefoGm; ovJ¿ rukefygbl;? ykdufqHrukefbJESifh tifrwefrGefjrwfwJh ukokdvfwpfck &Ekdifw,f? 'gayrJh 'DukokdvfrsKd;ukd rvkdcsifMubl;/ tmoem&[ó = ae&may;oifh ay;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvftm;/ tmoeH = ae&mudk/ e a'wd = ray;/ r*¾g&[ó = vrf;z,fay;oifh z,fay; xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvftm;/ r*¾H = vrf;ukd/ e a'wd = z,fray;/ rdrdxuf touf *kPfodu©mtm;jzifh BuD;jrwfwJhyk*¾dKvfawG vmwm jrifvkdY&Sd&if vrf;av; enf;enf;z,fay;&rSmukd rz,fay;csifbl;? 0if awmif wkdufypfvkdufao;w,f? 'Dpdwfxm;yJaemf? vrf;z,fay;oifh z,f ay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd vrf;av;z,fNyD;awmh tomav; ab;&SJay;vkduf& wm b,favmufrsm; wm0efBuD;ovJ¿ rBuD;ygbl;? 'g,Ofaus;rI wpf ckyJ? ,Ofaus;rIvnf;jzpfw,f? vrf;av;ukd cPacwåz,fay;vkduf&jcif; onf rdrdrSm ukokdvfw&m;awGvnf; rsm;pGmwkd;yGm;ygw,f? ckawmh rz,f ay;wJhtwGufaMumifh ukokdvfw&m; wkd;yGm;ao;ovm;¿ bmawG wkd;yGm; aeovJ¿ rmefrmeawGyJ? 'Drmefrme tukodkvfw&m;awGrSm i&Judk a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &Sdaew,f/ bk&m;&Sifudk vrf;z,fray;wJh okyÜAk'¨xHk;udkyJ Munfhyg/ ouúmwAÁH e ouúa&mwd? *½kumwAÁH e *½kua&mwd? ouúmwAÁH = ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ e ouúa&mwd = r½kdao/ *½kumwAÁH = av;pm;oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ e *½kua&mwd = rav;pm;/ ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd r½kdaobl;? av;pm;oihf av; pm;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd rav;pm;bl;? vufOD;q&mvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh teD; uyfqHk;jzpfwJh rdbawG[m tifrwef ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJh av;pm; oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGyJ? q&morm;awG[m ½kdaooifh ½kdao xkdufwJh av;pm;oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGyJ? rdrdxuf touf *kPfodu©mtm;jzifh BuD;jrwfaewJh yk*¾dKvfawG[m ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkduf av;pm;oihf av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGyJ? tJ'Dvkdyk*¾dKvfawGukd rdrdu r½kdaobl; rav;pm;bl; ]]cifAsm;BuD; vm½IyfraeESifhav}} a[m - rdbukd jyefatmfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsKd; r&Sdbl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f? tJ'Dawmh ½kdaooifh ½kdao xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfudk r½kdaobl;? av;pm;oihf av;pm;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd rav; pm;bl;/ rmaewAÁH e rmaewd? rmaewAÁH = jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ e rmaewd = rjrwfEkd;/ jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukdvnf; rjrwfEkd;bl;ç jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfawGukd rjrwfEkd;awmh bmawGukd oluoGm;jrwfEkd; aeovJ¿ rjrwfEkd;oifh rjrwfEkd;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukd oluoGm;NyD;awmh jrwfEkd;aew,f/ ylaZwAÁH = ylaZmfoifh ylaZmfxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfudk/ e ylaZwd = rylaZmf/ ylaZmfoifh ylaZmfxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd rylaZmfbl;qkdawmh bmukdoGm; ylaZmfaeovJ¿ rylaZmfoifh rylaZmfxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd oGm;ylaZmfw,fwJh? ckeu 'umwpfa,mufu vmavQmufw,f ]]wynfhawmf rodvkdY ar;yg &ap}}wJh ]]ar;cGifhjyKyg}}wJh? ]]uJ - ar;yg}} vkdY bkef;BuD;uvnf; cGifhay; vkdufygw,f? olu bmar;ovJ (37)rif;ukd oGm;NyD;awmh ukd;uG,f&if ]]o&P*kH ysufovm;¿}}wJh? a[m -- vmar;w,f ckav;yJ? udk;uG,f tm;xm;&mtaeESifh oGm;NyD; qnf;uyfcJhr,fç &Sdckd;cJhr,fç jrwfEkd;cJhr,fç ylaZmfcJhr,fqdk&if o&P*kHysufw,f? tJ'D (37)rif;ukd 'DtxJ jrifzl;wJh ol b,fESpfa,mufygovJ¿ vlawGu vkyf,lwJh ewfawGyg? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;¿ e*kd&fu wu,f toufxif&Sm;&SdwJhewf [kwfcsifrS[kwf r,f? vlawGuaeNyD;awmh udk,fhzmomukd,f twGif; (37)rif;qkdvm; tjyifuvnf; (37)rif;qkdvm;? tJ'g b,folursm; owfrSwfxm;vkduf w,f rajymwwfbl;? vlawG vkyf,lwJh ewfawGyJ? 'Dawmh jrwfEkd;oihf jrwfEkd;xkdufwJh &wemokH;yg; &Sdw,f? rdbawG &Sdw,f? q&morm;awG &Sdw,f? touf*kPfodu©mtm;jzifh BuD;jrwfawmfrlwJh yk*¾dKvfawG &SdMu w,f? tJ'Dvkd jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkduf ylaZmfoifh ylaZmfxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvf awGusawmh rylaZmfbl;? rjrwfEkd;oihf rjrwfEkd;xkduf rylaZmfoihf rylaZmf xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfawGusawmh oGm;NyD;awmh jrwfEkd;aew,f ylaZmfaew,f t½kdtao jyKaew,f tav;*½kjyKaew,f? 'Dawmh ½kdaoav;pm; xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfawGukd r½kdao rav;pm;jcif;qkdwJh 'DuHawGu bmjzpf wwfovJ¿ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-247/) aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmuf wnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkd tukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&m jzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuJGysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&m jzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JodkY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&mufwwfay\/ rmeBuD;wJh vkyfief;wpfckyJ? ]]ukd,fh[mukd,f rmeBuD;wm bmjzpf ovJ}}vkdY 'Dvkdqifajcay;aevkdY &rvm;¿ r&bl;? rmeBuD;jcif;onf rmeBuD;aewmonf bmvJ¿ tukokdvfyJ? 'DtukokdvfuHrSm raumif; wJh 'k*¾wdbkHb0ukd a&mufapEkdifwJh tyg,fukd a&mufapEkdifwJh i&Jukd a&mufapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdaew,f? rdcifudk r½dkraowJh rav;rpm;wJh apmfum;wJh rdwå0dE´uxHk;udkyJ Munfhyg/ i&Ja&mufoGm;wJhtcg i&Jom;&JU OD;acgif;ay:rSm &SdaewJh "m;puf vSHpufqdkwJh i&Jyef;udk olu Mumyef;vdkY xifaew,f/ 'DuHu rsufpdvSnfhxm;jcif; jzpfw,f/ 'Dvkdqkd&if rdrdu tyg,foHo&mBuD;ukd aMumuf&GHUw,fqkd&if rmeBuD;&rvm; rBuD;&bl; vm;¿ rBuD;&bl;? rmeBuD;aewJh 'Dpdwfaepdwfxm;awGukd bmvkyf&rvJ¿ jyKjyifajymif;vJay;&r,f? bmawGESifh jyKjyifajymif;vJ&rvJ¿ -- orx 0dyóemqdkwJh usifhpOfawGESifh jyKjyifajymif;vJay;&r,f/ tJ'D enf;pepf ukdawmh aemufykdif;rSm a[mygr,f/ 'Dawmh tu,fírsm; i&Jra&mufcJh bl;qkd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? eDpukvDaem a[mwd/ (r-3-247/) um,ó = udk,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&onfjzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuokdY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí a&muf&Sdvmonfjzpfjim;tHh/ {0H owd = þokdYjzpfcJhonf&Sdaomf/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:ívm&ay\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd;tEG,fü/ eDpukvDaem = ,kwfnHhaom trsKd;tEG,f&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ tu,fí i&Jra&mufbl;xm;? vlUjynfvlUavmuukd wpfywfjyef ausmhNyD;awmh a&muf&SdvmcJhr,fqdk&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd; tEG,frSm oGm;NyD; vljzpf&w,f? txufwef;uswJh trsKd;tEG,frSm vljzpf&wmESifh ,kwfnHhwJhtrsKd;tEG,frSm vljzpf&wm b,f'if;u aumif; rvJ¿ txufwef;uswmuawmh enf;enf;awmh oufomwmaygh? taumif;BuD;awmh rqkdvkdygbl;? okdYaomf trsKd;,kwfw,fqkd&ifyJ aumif; ao;vm;¿ raumif;awmhbl;? 'DtrsKd;,kwfatmif bmawGu ykdYaqmif ay;ovJ¿ b,fuHu ykdYaqmifay;ovJ¿ ]]rmeBuD;jcif;}}yJ/ rmeBuD;jcif;onf bmaMumifh 'DtrsKd;tEG,fudk ,kwfnHhap&ovJ vdkYar;awmh - rmeBuD;wJhyk*¾dKvfukd jyefNyD;awmh enf;enf;av; qef;ppf Munfhyg? wpfbufom;tay:rSm ukd,fu txifao;wJh pdwfxm; r&Sd bl;vm;¿ &Sdw,f? rdrdxufukd tifrwef ,kwfnHhw,fvkdY pdwfxJrSm pGJrSwf xm;w,f? vlwpfbufom;ukd rdrdxuf ,kwfnHhw,fvkdY pJGrSwfxm;wJh 'Dpdwfxm;u rdrd,kwfnHhzkdY&eftwGuf taMumif; rjzpfbl;vm;¿ jzpf oGm;NyD? rpifukd ukdifNyD;awmh olwpfyg;ukd ypfaygufzkdY BudK;pm;wJh yk*¾dKvf wpfOD;tzdkY rdrdaygufvkdufwJh rpifonf olwpfyg;ukd xdrxdawmh rajym wwfbl;? rdrdvufudk 'DrpifayoGm;wmuawmh ydkNyD;usdef;raobl;vm;¿ usdef;aooGm;w,f/ 'DykHpHtwkdif;yJ rdrdu wpfbufom;ukd trsKd;,kwfnHhwJh yk*¾dKvf tjzpf pdwfu pJGrSwfvkdufw,f? tifrwef vlnHhwpfOD;tjzpf pJGrSwfvkdufwJh twGuf olwpfbufom;u vlnHh jzpfrjzpfawmh rusdef;aobl;? rdrdvlnHh jzpfzkdYawmh jynfhpHkwJh cdkifvHkwJhtaMumif;w&m;wpfckudk qnf;yl;pkaqmif; NyD; xkyfNyD;ydk;NyD; &if0,fydkufaxG;NyD; jzpfroGm;bl;vm;¿ --- jzpfoGm;NyD? taMumif;u odyfaocsmoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh rdrdwkdYu tifrwef,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;tEG,f&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf wpfOD; rjzpfcsifbl;qkdvkdY&Sd&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ rmeBuD;wJhyk*¾dKvf rjzpfyg apeJY? ]]x'¨}} pdwf"mwf cufxefwif;rmwJhyk*¾dKvf jzpf&rvm;¿ rjzpf&bl;? El;nHhaysmhaysmif;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpf&r,f? tJ'D El;nHhaysmhaysmif;wJh pdwfxm; &Sdatmif ykdufqHb,fESpfjym; ukefovJ¿ rukefygbl;? ykdufqHrukefbJESifh El;nHhaysmhaysmif;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfatmif BudK;pm;vkdY r&bl;vm;¿ &ygw,f/ eDpukvDeoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H xa'¨g a[mwd twdrmeD ---- tbd0ga'wAÁH e tbd0ga'wd? ypöK|mwAÁH e ypöKa|wd? tmoem&[ó e tmoeH a'wd? r*¾g&[ó e r*¾H a'wd? ouúmwAÁH e ouúa&mwd? *½kumwAÁH e *½kua&mwd? rmaewAÁH e rmaewd? ylaZwAÁH e ylaZwd/ (r-3-247/) &Sdckd;oifh &Sdckd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd &Sdrckd;bl;? c&D;OD; BudKqkdoifh BudKqkd xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd c&D;OD; rBudKqkdbl;? ae&mz,fay;oifh z,fay;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd ae&mz,fray;bl;? vrf;c&D; z,fay;oifh z,fay;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd vrf;c&D; z,fray;bl;? ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd r½kdaobl;? av;pm;oihf av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd rav;pm;bl;? jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd rjrwfEkd;bl;? ylaZmfoifh ylaZmfxkduf wJhyk*¾dKvfudk rylaZmfbl;? tvGefrmeBuD;aew,f/ pdwf"mwfawGu cufxefwif;rmaew,f? tJ'Dvkd rmeBuD;jcif; pdwf "mwf cufxefwif;rmjcif;onf ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;tEG,fukd jzpfapwwf wJh usifh0wfy#dywfjzpfw,fvkdY 'Dvkd jrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mw,f ----- tm;vHk; Mum;zl;Muygvdrfhr,f/ bk&m;&Sif&JU OD;&D;awmf ]]okyÜAk'¨}} Munfhyg/ --- ]]ig\wlawmf od'¨w¬rif;om; a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;onf ig\orD;awmf ,aom"&mukd pGefYypfxm;cJhí awmvnf; xGufcJhavNyD? ig\om;awmf a'0'wfukdvnf; &[ef;jyKay;NyD;aemuf xkdighom; a'0'wf\ &efolt&müvnf; wnfcJhavNyD}} --- qkdNyD; 'DtaMumif; ESpf&yfaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;tay:ü &efNidK;zGJUcJhw,f? rauseyfrIawGukd arG;jrLcJhw,f/ 'DrauseyfcsufaMumifh bk&m;&Sif&JU qGrf;pm;<urnfhvrf;ukd wrif ydwfqkdYNyD; vrf;ay:ü ao&nfao&ufaomufcg vrf;ray;bJ aecJhw,f/ rauseyfrIawGuvnf; odyftm;aumif;aew,f? pdwf"mwf cufxef wif;rmwJh rmefrmew&m;awGuvnf; olU&JUpdwftpOfrSm vTrf;rkd;zdpD;NyD; aeMuw,f/ bmjzpfoGm;vJ¿ 'Draumif;rIaMumifh i&Ja&mufoGm;w,f/ aemuf0w¬Kwpfckuawmh "r®"ZZmwfawmfrSm (Zmwu-|-2-170/) vm&SdwJh 'k|ukrm&rif;om;taMumif;yJ jzpfw,f/ twdwfb0wpfck0,f t&Sifom&dykwå&mtavmif; olawmfaumif; [m Am&mPoDjynfukd xD;jzLtkkyfcsKyfwJh udw0gotrnf&SdwJh &Sifbk&if jzpfcJhzl;w,f/ olUrSm 'k|ukrm& trnf&SdwJh om;&wemwpfOD; &SdcJhw,f/ xkdom;ukd t&G,fa&mufwJhtcg tdrfaU&Srif;om;tjzpf cefYtyfxm;w,f/ 'DtdrfaU&Srif;om;u a'govnf; odyfBuD;w,f? rmefrmeawGuvnf; odyfBuD;w,f? pdwf"mwfawGuvnf; odyfcufxefwif;rmw,f/ wpfaeY O,smOfawmfokdYtoGm; vrf;ckvwfwpfae&mrSm t&Sif yapöuAk'¨bk&m;&SifwpfqlESifh &ifqkdifwkd;rdw,f/ xkdtcsdefrSm wkdif;ol jynfom; vltrsm;uvnf; t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&SifukdyJ t½kdtao jyKMuw,f &Sdckd;Muw,f jrwfEkd;Muw,f ylaZmfMuw,f csD;rGrf;Muw,f? vuftkyf csDrkd;um rwfwwf&yfvsuf t½kdtao jyKaeMuw,f/ 'k|ukrm&rif;om;ukdawmh tJ'Dvkd rjyKvkyfMubl;/ NyD;awmh 'k|ukrm&rif;om;&JU aemufawmfu ygvmMuwJh y&dowf awGuvnf;ykHpHwlyJ t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&SifukdyJ t½kdtaojyKMuw,f &Sdckd;Muw,f jrwfEkd;Muw,f ylaZmfMuw,f csD;rGrf;Muw,f vuftkyfcsDrkd; um rwfwwf&yfvsuf t½kdtaojyKaeMuw,f/ rif;om;ukdawmh tJ'D vkd rjyKvkyfMubl;/ 'DtjyKtrlawGukd MunfhNyD;awmh rif;om;u rauseyfrIawGukd arG;jrLaejyefw,f/ --- ]]iguJhokdYaom tdrfaU&Srif;om;ESifh twloGm;MuwJh vlawG[m 'DOD;NyD;acgif;wkH;ukdyJ &Sdckd;Muw,f csD;rGrf;Muw,f vuftkyfcsD Muw,f}} - vkdY pOf;pm;cef; 0ifaew,f/ ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJh av;pm;oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJh c&D;OD;BudKqkdoifh BudKqkdxkdufwJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;ukd ½kdaozkdY av;pm;zkdY jrwfEkd;zkdY c&D;OD;BudKqkdzkdY rpOf;pm;bJ rauseyfrIawG pdwf"mwfcufxefwif;rmrIawG rmefrmew&m;awGukdom arG;jrLaew,f/ 'D rmefrmew&m;awGu vIHUaqmfwkdufwGef;vkdufwJhtwGuf a'go wBuD;eJY qifay:uqif;NyD; t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&SifxHukd csOf;uyfNyD; ]]&[ef; ...qGrf;&yg&JUvm;}}vkdY ar;vkdufw,f/ t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sif xHrS qGrf;&aMumif;owif;ukd Mum;vkdufwJhtcg bk&m;&Sif\vufawmfrS oydwfawmfukd,lNyD; ajrBuD;ay:okdY ypfcsvkdufw,f/ qGrf;ESifh oydwfukd vnf; rIefYrIefYnufnuf aMuoGm;atmif olu xyfNyD; jypfrSm;jyefw,f? eif;acsypfvkdufw,f/ 'gwGif ruao;bl; -- yapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sifuvnf; -- ea|m 0wm,H oawåm = 'Dowå0g awmh ysufpD;avaygh -- vkdY pdwfawmfu MuHpnfawmfrlNyD; ol&JUrsufESmukd vSrf;arQmfMunfhvkdufw,f/ 'DtcgrSm 'Drif;om;u bmjyefajymovJ¿ t[H orP udw0go&anm ykawåm? emare 'k|ukrma&m emr? wGH ar uka'¨g tu©Ded Or®DavwGm MoavmauaEÅm uð u&dóod/ (Zmwu-|-2-178/) orP = &[ef; ...? t[H = igonfum;/ udw0go&anm = udw0gobk&ifBuD;\/ ykawåm = om;wnf;/ emare = trnfemrtm; jzifh/ 'k|ukrma&m emr = 'k|ukrm& trnf&Sd\/ wGH = oifonf/ ar = ightay:ü/ uka'¨g = trsufxGufum/ tu©Ded = rsufvkH;wkdYukd/ Or®DavwGm = zGifhNyD;í/ MoavmauaEÅm = Munfhum/ uð = tb,f t&mukd/ u&dóod = jyKvkyfEkdifvwåHUenf;¿ -- &[ef; ...ig[m udw0gobk&ifBuD;&JUom;yJ? 'k|ukrm&rif;om; vkdYac:w,f/ oifu ightay:a'goxGufNyD; rsufvkH;awGukd zGifhMunfhae w,f/ ighukd oifu bmvkyfEkdifrvJ¿ --- 'Dvkd olu xyfajymjyefw,f/ ol&JU 'DajymMum;csufawGukdMunfh&if awmh olUukd tvGefarmufrmwJh rmefrmew&m;awGu vTrf;rkd;aewmukd awGUEkdifw,f/ t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sifukd txifao;NyD; rdrdukd,fukd txifBuD;aewJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awGuvnf; olU&JU pdwftpOfudk 0kdif;&H xm;wmukd awGUEkdifw,f/ rauseyfcsuf a'gow&m;awGuvnf; olU pdwfukd xyfNyD; vTrf;rkd;aewmukd awGUEkdifw,f/ xkdaeYrSm .. yapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sifvnf; qGrf;jywfawmfrlygw,f/ aumif;uifc&D;jzifh ajrmuf[dr0EÅmrSm wnf&SdwJh eE´rlvkdPf*lawmfokdY jyef<uawmfrlygw,f/ rif;om;&JU yapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Siftay:rSm jypfrSm;rdwJh tukokdvfuH awGuvnf; xkdtcsdeftcgrSmyJ &ifhusufvmygw,f/ t0Dpdi&JrD;u wuf [yfwJhtwGuf xkdae&mrSmyJ vJusum aoausysufpD;NyD; t0Dpdi&JrSm oGm;jzpf&jyefw,f/ tvGefrmeBuD;ol tvGefa'goBuD;olwkdY &&SdEkdifwJh tusKd;w&m;awGyJ/ 'Dvkd pdwf"mwfcufxefwif;rmrI rmefrmeBuD;rIawG[m 'Dvkd t0Dpd i&Jukda&mufatmif ykdYaqmif½kHwGifomru i&JrS vGwfvm&ifvnf; vlU b0a&mufcJh&if trsKd;,kwfnHholwpfa,mufjzpfatmif &Gufaqmifay; wwfjyefw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm -- t&SifokeDwrax&fjrwf&JU a&S;jzpfa[mif; atmufarhzG,f Zmwfvrf;uav;ukd em;qifMunfhyg --- t&SifokeDwtavmif;&JU rmefrme t&SifokeDwtavmif; trsKd;aumif;om;[mvnf; a&S;a&S; bk&m; &SifwkdY&JUomoemawmfwGif;rSm t&[wåzkdvfukd &nfarQmfum 0dZÆmrsKd;aph aumif; p&PrsKd;aphaumif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh yg&rDrsKd;aphaumif;awGukd xlaxmifcJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh uHraumif;taMumif;rvScsifawmh b0wpfck rSm uav;b0t&G,frSm vlrkduf vli,fvl&G,fawGESifh aygif;oif;cJhrd w,f/ tJ'Db0uawmh bk&m;ryGifhwJh oknurÇmwpfckrSm jzpfw,f/ t&G,fa&mufwJhtcsdefrSm vlrkduf vli,fvl&G,fawGESifh twl jrL;wl; aysmfyg;upm;aecJhw,f/ tJ'DtcsdeftcgrSm yapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sifwpfql uvnf; &GmwGif;okdY qGrf;cH<u0ifvmawmfrlygw,f/ t&SifyapöuAk'¨ bk&m;&Sifukd zl;jrifvkduf&&if MunfndKo'¨gw&m; wkd;yGm;&rnfhtpm; rolawmf vli,fvl&G,f awGESifh aygif;azmfrdwJhtwGuf rolawmf "mwfaiGUawG 0ifum t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Siftay:ü jypfrSm;vkduf rdw,f qJa&;vkdufrdw,f? ol&JU qJa&;ykHukd Munfhvkduf&ifawmh ol[m rmetvGefBuD;aew,fqkdwmukd odEkdifw,f? ol&JU qJa&;wkdif;xGmykHukd em;axmifMunfhprf;yg .../ uð wk,SH oAÁaom 0Pdwo&D&ó 0d, ouvH um,H y#dpäma'wGm bdu©mp&aPe? eEk emr uod0gPdZÆm'D[d ZD0dum uayÜwAÁm/ wmed ap umwkH e oauúmod? Ca& Ca& rkwåu&Dom'Ded eD[&aEÅm ypäm 0w¬Kaom"aee ZD0g[d/ (ax&*gxm-|-2-223/) oAÁaom = tcsif;cyfodrf;tm;jzifh/ 0Pdwo&D&ó 0d, = tkdif;trmem&SdwJh cE¨mukd,fuJhokdY/ ouvH um,H = cE¨mukd,f wpfukd,f vkH;ukd/ y#dpäma'wGm = zkH;vTrf;í/ bdu©mp&aPe = qGrf;cHvSnfh vnfjcif;jzifh/ wk,SH = oihftzkdY/ uð = tb,ftusKd; &SdEkdifygtHhenf;/ uod0gPdZÆm'D[d = v,fxGefjcif; ukefoG,fjcif;pwJh vkyfief;&yfwkdYjzifh/ ZD0dum = toufarG;jcif;ukd/ uayÜwAÁm emr eEk = jyKoifhonf r[kwfygvm;/ tkdif;trmemawGESifh jynfhaewJh cE¨mukd,fBuD;ukd zkH;tkyfxm;ovkd wpfukd,fvkH;ukd zkH;tkyfNyD;awmh qGrf;cH vSnfhvnfaevkdY oifhtwGuf bmtusKd;&SdrSmvJ¿ - v,fvkyfjcif; ukefoG,fjcif;pwJh vkyfief;&yfawGukd jyKvkyfNyD; toufarG;oifhonf r[kwfvm;¿ --- 'Dt,ltqawGuawmh 'DaeY ½kyf0g'Dorm;awGESifh bmomrJh vl wef;pm;awG&JU oEÅmefrSm awmfawmfuav; a&yef;pm;aewJh t,ltq awGygyJ/ 'gwGifruao;bl; --- olu qufNyD; qJa&;jyefw,f --- wmed = xkd v,fvkyfjcif; ukefoG,fjcif; pwJh vkyfief;&yfwkdYukd/ umwkH = jyKvkyfjcif;iSm/ ap e oauúmod = tu,fí rpGrf;EkdifcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ Ca& Ca& = tdrfwkdif; tdrfwkdif;ü/ rkwåu&Dom'Ded = usifi,f usifBuD; pwJh tnpftaMu;wkdYukd/ eD[&aEÅm = xkwf,l o,faqmifvsuf/ ypäm = aemufumvü/ 0w¬Kaom"aee = xkd usifi,f usifBuD; pGefYypf&mae&mukd pifMu,fatmif aq;aMumokwfoif jcif;jzifh/ ZD0g[d = toufarG;ygavmh/ tu,fí oif[m v,fvkyfjcif; ukefoG,fjcif;pwJh 'Dvkd vkyfief; awGukd rvkyfEkdifbl;qkd&if tdrfwkdif; tdrfwkdif;rSm rpifusKH;NyD;awmh touf arG;ygvm;? rpifpGefYwJhae&mawGukd a&aq;jcif;qkdwJh vkyfief;&yfESifh toufarG;ygvm;/ olU&JU qJa&;ykHukdMunfhyg? b,favmuf &ufpufMurf;MuKwfaewJh pdwfxm;qkdwmukd cefYrSef;vkdY&aew,f/ olUukdol txifBuD;aewJhpdwfxm;ç t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sif&JU tay:ü txifao;aewJhpdwfxm;ç atmuf wef;pm; vlom;wpfOD;vkdY ,lqaewJh pdwfxm;awGuvnf; olpdwftpOf rSm ae&mtjynfh,lxm;wmukd awGUEkdifw,f/ 'Dvkd rdrdukd,fukd txifBuD;jcif;ç wpfbufom;ukd txifao;jcif;ç pdwf"mwfcufxefwif;rmjcif;qkdwJh 'Doabmw&m;awGu olUukd wpfaeY rSm i&Jukda&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;vkdufw,f/ i&JrSvGwfajrmufvmwJh tcg i&JrSm tusKd;ay;cGifh romwJh <uif;usefaewJh tukodkvfuHawGu vlUjynf vlavmurSm b0aygif;rsm;pGm yef;rIdufoGef rpifbifusKH;orm; qkdwJh t,kwfnHhqkH; trsKd;tEG,fawGrSm vljzpfatmif wnfaxmifzefwD; ay;Mujyefw,f/ t&SifyapöuAk'¨bk&m;&Sifukd tqifhtwef;ESdrfhum quf qHjyKrlcJhwJh pdwf"mwfawGu olUukd tqifhtedrfhqkH; vlom;jzpfatmif wnfaxmifzefwD;ay;vkdufMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh bkef;BuD;wkdY a*gwrbk&m; &Sif&JU omoemawmfrSmvnf; rpifbifusKH;orm;yJ vmjzpf&jyefw,f/ 'gaMumifh rmeBuD;jcif;[m trsKd;,kwfnhHjcif;&JU taMumif;&if;wpfck jzpfw,fqkdwmudkawmh w&m;emy&dowfawG oabmaygufMuprf;yg/ odkYaomf t&SifokeDwtavmif; trsKd;aumif;om;[m wpfbufu vnf; t&[wåzkdvfukd rsufarSmufjyKEkdifwJh 0dZÆmrsKd;aphaumif; p&P rsKd;aphaumif;qkdwJh t"dum& = txdu&aumif;rIukokdvfawGukdvnf; a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwkdY&JU omoemawmfwGif;rSm atmifatmifjrifjrif xl axmifcJhygw,f/ 'Dvkd atmifatmifjrifjrif xlaxmifcJhwJh yg&rDukodkvf uHawGuvnf; tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef &ifhusufvmMuNyDjzpfw,f/ xkdtcsdefrSm qkdMupkdY --- bkef;BuD;wkdY bk&m;&Sifuvnf; bk&m;&SifwkdY &JU "r®wm tavhtusufawmftwkdif; eHeufrkd;aomufxtcgrSm r[m u½kPmawmformywfukd 0ifpm;awmfrlNyD;aemuf Ak'¨pu©Kjzifh avmuukd Munfh½Iawmfrlygw,f/ okeDwtrsKd;aumif;om;&JU ESvkH;tdrftwGif;rSm qDrD;vkd wajymifajymif xGef;vif;awmufyaewJh t&[wåzkdvf&JU tm;BuD;wJhrSD&m taMumif;w&m;awGukd awGUjrifawmfrlwJhtcg rkd;aomufNyD; aemuf eHeufykdif;umvrSm &[ef;oHCmawmftaygif;jcH&Hvsuf &mZN*dK[f NrdKUwGif;okdY qGrf;cH<u0ifawmfrlygw,f/ okeDwtrsKd;aumif;om; rpifbif usKH;vkyfief;ukd jyKvkyfaewJh vrf;ukdyJ a&S;½Ivsuf <u0ifawmfrlcJhw,f/ okeDwtrsKd;aumif;om;uvnf; awmif;awGxJrSm rpifawGxnfhNyD; qkdif;xrf;ykd;ESifh xrf;tvm vrf;ckvwfwpfae&mrSm bk&m;&SifESifh qkHpnf; rdw,f/ aMumuf&GHU½kdaoaompdwfxm; wkefvIyfaom ESvkH;om;jzifh ykef; atmif;zkdY&ef BudK;pm;cJhw,f/ okdYaomf a&SmifzkdY&efvrf;uvnf; r&Sdjzpfae w,f/ ykef;atmif;zkdYae&muvnf; r&Ekdifjzpfaew,f/ 'geJY qkdif;xrf;ykd; ukd eH&Hwpfckab;rSm tomt,mcsxm;vkdufNyD;awmh eH&Hwpfckab;rSm yl;0ifuyf&yfum bk&m;&Siftm; vuftkyfcsDNyD;awmh rwfwwf&yfaevkduf w,f/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; okeDwtrsKd;aumif;om;&Sd&mokdY csOf;uyf<uoGm; awmfrlygw,f/ w&m;emy&dowfawG --- 'DjrifuGif;ukd jyefNyD;MunhfMuprf;yg? rpif usKH;wJhvrf;qkdwmu aemufaz;vrf;Mum;yJ jzpfzkdY&Sdygw,f/ NyD;awmh 'D vrf;Mum;xJrSm okeDwuvnf; rpifawG xnfhxm;wJh qkdif;xrf;ykd;ukd csum tem;rSmyJ &yfaew,f/ 'Drpifawmif;BuD;[m bk&m;&SifESifh okeDw wkdY&JUtMum;rSm wnf&Sdaew,f/ bk&m;&Sif&JUBuD;jrwfawmfrlwJh r[m u½kPmawmf[m b,favmuf MunfndKzG,faumif;w,fqkdwmukd vSrf; arQmfomMunfhyg --- bk&m;&Sifuvnf; okeDwtrsKd;aumif;om;&JU teD;rSmyJ rwfwwf &yfwnfaeawmfrlvkdufw,f/ okeDwuvnf; bk&m;&Sif&JU ajcawmftpkH Mumy'kHukd &Sdckd;0wfjyKvkdufygw,f/ aumif;rIukokdvf[m ,lwwf&if ae&mwumrSm &Ekdifw,fqkdwmukdawmh oabmaygufMuyg/ xkdtcsdef tcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu bmtrdefY&SdovJ¿ --- okeDw ...uð £rm, 'ku©ZD0dum, yAÁZdwkH ou©dóod¿ (ax&*gxm-|-2-224/) okeDw = okeDw .../ £rm, 'ku©ZD0dum, = þqif;&JNidKjiif vSaom toufarG;&jcif;jzifh/ aw = oifhtzkdY/ uð = tb,ftusKd;&Sd EkdifygtHhenf;/ wGH = oifonf/ yAÁZdwkH = omoemabmifokdY 0ifa&mufí &Sif&[ef;jyKjcif;iSm/ ou©dóod = pGrf;EkdifvwåHUavm/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; tvGefjrifhrm;vSwJh r[mu½kPmawmfESifh ,SOfwJh pdwf"mwfESifh jA[®mrif;\ toHESifhwlwJh tvGefMuifemwJh tvGefcsKdNrdefwJh toHawmfESifh --- okeDw ...'Davmufqif;&JNidKjiifvSwJh toufarG; &jcif;jzifh oifhtwGuf bmtusKd;&SdrSmvJ¿ oif[m omoemabmifokdY 0ifa&mufNyD; &Sif&[ef;rjyKEkdifbl;vm;¿ --- 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu ar;awmfrlvkdufygw,f --- 'DtcgrSm okeDwu b,fvkd avQmufxm;vkdufovJ¿ --- okeDw\ &J&ifhaom avQmufxm;csuf okeDawm awe ow¬K 0paee trawe 0d, tbdodawåm OVm&H yDwdaomreóH y#doHa0a'aEÅm ]]b*0g oap rm'domyd £" yAÁZÆH vbEÅd? uo®m[H e yAÁZdómrd? yAÁmaZx rH b*0g}}wd tm[/ (ax&*gxm-|-2-224/) okeDawm = okeDwonf/ awe ow¬K 0paee = xkdbk&m;&Sif&JU pum;awmfjzifh/ trawe = tNrdKufa&pifjzifh/ tbdodawåm 0d, = oGef;avmif;vkdufbdouJhokdY/ OVm&H = jyefYajymBuD;us,f jrifhjrwfvSpGm aom/ yDwdaomreóH = ESpfouf0rf;ajrmufjcif; yDwdaomreóukd/ y#doHa0a'aEÅm = tzefzef txyfxyf cHpm;&onfjzpfí/ £wd = þokdY/ tm[ = avQmufxm;av\/ okeDwwkdYvkd tvGefrsKd;,kwfaewJh yk*¾dKvfbufu jyefMunhfyg/ --bkef;BuD;wkdY bk&m;&Sif[m wpfavmuvkH;rSm tbufbufu Munhf&if b,fbufrSmrqkd tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;yk*¾dKvf jzpfawmfrlygw,f/ wpf avmuvkH;&JU tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; jzpfawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sifu Muifem oem;vSwJh tvGefcsKdNrdefwJh toHawmfjzifh ajymqkdqufqHvkdufwJhtcg okeDw&JU pdwftpOfrSm tvGeftqifhtwef;jrifhrm;vSwJh ESpfouf0rf;ajrmufjcif; yDwdaomreóyef;awG[m yGifhvef;vmw,f/ bk&m;&Sif &JU EIwfcGef;quforI[m tNrdKufa&pifjzifh oGef;avmif;vkdufovkd jzpf oGm;w,f/ w&m;emy&dowfawG --- 'Dtcsufukdawmh owdjyKMuyg/ rwlbl; rwefbl; tqifhtwef;csif; rwlbl; rqufqHEkdifbl;qkdwJh 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd; uav;awGukd oHo&mc&D;rSm cPacwå qkHckdufMuHKckduf wpfOD;tay:rSm wpfOD; rxm;oifhygbl;/ tjrwfqkH;jzpfawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sifonfyif okeDw wkdYvkd rpifbifusKH;orm;wpfOD;ukd MuifemvSwJh pdwf"mwfjzifh ajymqkd qufqHEkdifao;w,fqkd&if bkef;BuD;wkdYvkdyk*¾dKvfawGu taMumif;rvSvkdY tqifhtwef;edrfhusaewJholawGukd bmaMumifh rqufqHEkdif&rSmvJ¿ -&GH&SmpufqkwfzG,f (32)aum|mowkdYjzifh jynfhESufaewJh cE¨mtdrfcsnf; r[kwfygvm;¿ tqifhjrifhaewJholawG&JU MuifemwJh csKdNrdefwJhpum;wpfcGef;[m tqifhedrfholwkdYtzkdY tNrdKufa&pifjzifh toGef;avmif;cH&ovkd cHpm;&w,fqkdwJh tcsufukdawmh rarhMuygESifh/ 'Dae&mrSm okeDwuvnf; 0rf;omvGef;vkdY bk&m;&Sifukd b,fvkd avQmufxm;vkdufovJ¿ --- b*0g = bkef;awmfae0ef; xGef;vif; awmufyawmfrlygaom jrwfpGmbk&m; .../ rm'domyd = wynfhawmfwkdYuJhokdY ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd; tEG,f&SdwJh olwkdYonfvnf;yJ/ £" = þomoemawmfjrwftwGif;ü/ yAÁZÆH = &Sif&[ef;tjzpfukd/ oap vbEÅd = tu,fí &&SdEkdifukef jim;tHh/ uo®m = tb,faMumifh/ t[H = bk&m;wynfhawmfonf/ e yAÁZdómrd = &[ef;rjyKbJ &Sd&ygtHhenf;/ b*0g = bkef;awmfae0ef; xGef;vif; awmufyawmfrlygayaom jrwfpGmbk&m; .../ rH = bk&m; wynfhawmfukd/ yAÁmaZx = &Sif&[ef;jyKí ay;awmfrlMuygukefbk&m;/ bkef;awmfBuD;jrwfawmfrlygaom jrwfpGmbk&m; ...wynfhawmfwkdY vkd ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;Zmwf&SdwJholawGvnf;yJ 'DomoemabmifokdY 0if a&mufí &Sif&[ef;jyKcGifhukd &&SdEkdifMur,fqdk&if wynfhawmf[m bmaMumifh &Sif&[ef;rjyKbJae&rSmvJ jrwfpGmbk&m;? 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'gaMumifh oifcspfom;wkdYwpfawG oifcspforD;wkdY wpfawG[m 'DomoemawmfjrwftwGif;rSm rdrdwkdY&JUpdwf"mwfukd - ]]'D igwkdY&JU pdwf"mwf[m aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcg umvwkdYywfvkH; &m*aMumifh npfEGrf;ae&w,f? a'goaMumifh npfEGrf; ae&w,f? arm[aMumifh npfEGrf;ae&w,f}} - vkdY 'Dvkd rMumcP tjrJrjywf qifjcifay;Muprf;yg/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ pdwf"mwfnpfEGrf;jcif; aMumifh owå0gawG npfEGrf;Mu&w,f yifyef;Mu&w,f qif;&JMu&w,f/ pdwf"mwfjzLpifoefY&Sif;jcif;aMumifh owå0gawG[m pifMu,foGm;Mu& w,f -- 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu qkdqkH;rxm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'gaMumifh rdrdwkdY&JU pdwfukd rdrdwkdY rMumcP qifjcifay;Muyg? jyKjyifajymif;vJay;Muyg/ ck- t&SifokeDwrax&f&JUxkH;ukd Munfh&if --- pdwf"mwfawG npfEGrf; cJhwJhtwGuf tyg,fi&JrSm npfEGrf;cJh&w,f yifyef;cJh&w,f qif;&JcJh& w,f? vlUjynfvlUavmu a&mufjyefawmhvnf; npfEGrf;&jyefw,f yif yef;&jyefw,f qif;&J&jyefw,f? 'gayrJh bk&m;&SifESifh awGUqkHwJhtcg pdwf"mwfukd t&[wåzkdvfa&pifjzifh jzLpifatmif aq;aMumokwfoif EkdifwJhtwGuf pdwf"mwfjzLpifoefY&Sif;oGm;jcif;aMumifh pifMu,fwJholawmf aumif;wpfOD; jzpfoGm;&w,f/ odMum;rif;ESifhwuG ewfjA[®mawGuvnf; vma&mufum &Sdckd; ylaZmfMuw,f/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; ewfjA[®mtaygif;wkdY jcH&Hxm;wJh t&Sif okeDwukdMunfhNyD; tvGefESpfNcdKufawmfrlwJhtwGuf *gxmuav;wpfck ukd a[mMum;awmfrlw,f -- waye jA[®p&da,e? oH,are 'are p/ {awe jAm[®aPm a[mwd? {wH jAm[®PrkwårH/ (ax&*gxm-|-2-226/) 1/ wy = £`E´d,oH0&oDv = £a`E´ukd apmifhpnf;jcif;ç wpfenf; "kwifusifh0wfy#dywfukd aqmufwnfusifhokH;jcif;ç 2/ oH,r = 0denf;odu©myk'fawGukd xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufjcif;ç 3/ 'r = orx0dyóem ÓPfynmjzifh rdrdpdwfukd EkdifEkdifeif;eif; qkdqkH;rjcif;ç 4/ jA[®p&d, = <uif;usefwJh t"doDv t"dpdwå t"dynm trnf&wJh usifh0wfy#dywfawGukd usifhjcif; -- 'D wy-oH,r-'r-jA[®p&d,vkdY ac:qkdwJh usifh0wfy#dywfawG aMumihf 'Dusifh0wfawGukd t&[wåzkdvfwkdifatmif atmifatmifjrifjrif usifhEkdifwJh olawmfaumif;ukd raumif;rI[lorQukd tyjyKtyfNyD;jzpfvdkY tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; jAm[®PvkdY ac:qkdw,f --- t&SifokeDwuawmh bk&m;&Sif ESpfNcdKufawmfrlwJh jAm[®PwpfOD; jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ pdwf"mwfukd t&[wåzkdvfqkdufonf wkdifatmif jyKjyifajymif;vJay;EkdifvkdYyJ/ ukdif; -- t&SifokeDwtaMumif;ukd 'Dae&mrSmyJ &yffqkdif;NyD; plVur®0db*Fokwfukd jyefquf&atmif .../ trsKd;jrwfjcif; £" ye rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g tw¬a'¨g a[mwd tewdrmeD -- tbd0ga'wAÁH tbd0ga'wd? ypöK|mwAÁH ypöKa|wd? tmoem&[ó tmoeH a'wd? r*¾g&[ó r*¾H a'wd? ouúmwAÁH ouúa&mwd? *½kumwAÁH *½kua&mwd? rmaewAÁH rmaewd? ylaZwAÁH ylaZwd? aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-247/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ ye = aemufwpfrsKd; aomfum;/ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfaomf vnf;aumif;/ tw¬a'¨g = rcufxef rwif;rmaom pdwfxm;&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ tewdrmeD = tvGefarmufrmaom rmefrmew&m; r&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ pdwf"mwfawGu El;nHhaysmhaysmif;w,f/ cufxefwif;rmwJh pdwf xm; r&Sdbl;? tvGefarmufrmwJh rmefrmew&m;awGvnf; r&Sdbl;? r&Sd awmh olu bmvkyfovJ¿ tbd0ga'wAÁH = &Sdckd;oifh &Sdckd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ tbd0ga'wd = &Sdckd;\/ ypöK|mwAÁH = c&D;OD; BudKqkdoifh BudKqkdxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ ypöKa|wd = c&D;OD; BudKqkd\/ tmoem&[ó = ae&may;oifhay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvf ukd/ tmoeH = ae&mukd/ a'wd = ay;\/ r*¾g&[ó = vrf;c&D; z,fay;oifh z,fay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ r*¾H = vrf;c&D;ukd/ a'wd = ay;\/ ouúmwAÁH = t½kdtao jyKoifhjyKxkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd/ ouúa&mwd = t½kdtaojyK\/ *½kumwAÁH = av;pm;oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ *½kua&mwd = av;pm;\/ rmaewAÁH = jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ rmaewd = jrwfEkd;\/ ylaZwAÁH = ylaZmfoifh ylaZmfxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd/ ylaZwd = ylaZmf\/ aom = xkduJhokdY rmefrme rBuD;rm;wJh yk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhí xm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmufwnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform; wdkY\ vm;a&muf&m jzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ rmefrmeawG rBuD;bl;? &Sdckd;oifh &Sdckd;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd &Sdckd;w,f? c&D;OD; BudKqkdoihf BudKqkdxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd c&D;OD;BudKqkdw,f? ae&mz,f ay;oihf z,fay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd ae&mz,fay;w,f? vrf;z,fay;oifh z,fay;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd vrf;z,fay;w,f? ½kdaooifh ½kdaoxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd ½kdaow,f? av;pm;oifh av;pm;xkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd av;pm; w,f? jrwfEkd;oifh jrwfEkd;xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfukd jrwfEkd;w,f? ylaZmfoifh ylaZmf xkdufwJhyk*¾dKvfawGukd ylaZmfw,f? jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKusifhaqmufwnfxm; tyfwJh 'DukokdvfuHaMumifh aoonf\tjcm;rJhü aumif;&mok*wd ewf jynfavmuukd usdef;ao{uef a&mufEkdifw,f/ p@mvD tr,ftdk cPcPawmhajymzl;ygw,f? xHk;uav;wpfckaygh? 0drme0w¬K (25) rSm vm&Sdygw,f/ wpfcsdef jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf eHeufrdk;aomufx tcsdeftcgrSm r[mu½kPmawmformywfudk 0ifpm;NyD;awmh avmuukd Munfh½IawmfrlvkdufwJhtcg p@mvDtr,ftkdBuD;[m ÓPfuGef,ufxJ rSm xifvmw,f? qufNyD;awmh qifjcifMunfhawmfrlvkdufwJhtcg p@mvDtr,ftkdBuD; 'DaeYaoawmhr,f? i&Ja&mufawmhr,fqkdwmudk jrwfpGm bk&m; jrifawmfrlawmh 'Dtr,ftkdBuD;ukd igu,fwifEkdifovm;vkdY Munfh vkdufawmh u,fwifvdkY &Ekdifao;w,fqkdwmudk jrwfpGmbk&m; jrifawmf rlygw,f? p@mvDtr,ftkdqkdwmuawmh olawmif;pm;wpfOD; jzpfyg w,f? 'Gef;p@m;wpfOD;yJ? tJ'D 'Gef;p@m;wpfOD;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif bufu 'DaeY csD;ajr§mufzkdYtcgtcGifhuav; &oGm;w,f? 'Dawmh jrwfpGm bk&m;vnf; &[ef;oHCmawmftaygif; jcH&HNyD;awmh -- p@mvDtr,ftkd &mZN*dK[fNrdKUwGif;okdY xrif;awmif;pm;zkdY&ef 0ifa&mufvmwJh tcsdefukd rSef;arQmfNyD;awmh &ifqkdifwkd;&ef arQmfrSef;NyD; qGrf;cH<uawmfrlygw,f? p@mvD tr,ftkduvnf; wkefwkefcsnfhcsnfhESifh &mZN*dK[fNrdKUwGif;rSm xrif;awmif;zdkY&eftwGuf 0ifvmcJhw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifh wpfae&mrSm &ifqkdifoGm;NyD;awmh wkd;Muw,f? wkd;vkdufwJhtcgrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;u aU&Sukd c&D;qufNyD; <uawmfrrlbJ rwfwyf&yfNyD; aeawmfrlvkdufygw,f/ xkdtcsdeftcgrSm b,fvkdtaMumif;aMumifh bk&m;&Sifonf 'Dae&m rSm rwfwyf&yfawmfrlygovJvkdY aemufawmfuygvmwJh t&Sifr[m arm*¾v’mefukd,fawmfjrwfBuD;u qifjcifMunfhvkdufwJhtcg p@mvD tr,ftkdudk csD;ajr§mufcsifvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;[m 'Dae&mrSm rwfwyf&yfae wmjrifawmh *gxmav;ESpfckESifh t&Sifr[marm*¾v’mef ukd,fawmfjrwf BuD;u p@mvDtr,ftkdudk oGm;NyD;awmh wkdufwGef;w,f? tJ'Dawmh 'D*gxmav;awG&JU qkdvkd&if;uawmh ]]'umrBuD; ...&aoh[lorQwkdY wGif tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;&aoh jzpfawmfrlwJh a*gwrEG,fzGm; &Sifawmf jrwfbk&m;onf toifp@mvDtr,ftkdukd oem;apmifha&Smuf csD; ajr§mufawmfrlvkdonfhtwGuf rwfwyf&yfum wnfaeawmfrlygayw,f/ 'gaMumifh a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmftpHk Mumy'Hkukd vsifjrefpGm OD;wkdufvkdufprf;ygç oifp@mvDtr,ftkdtwGuf aemufxyf vlUavmu rSmae&rnfh tcsdefumv oufwrf;onf tvGefwkdawmif;vSygw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh wkdufwGef;vkdufw,f? tJ'D wkdufwGef;csufuav;t& ol rSmvnf; rmefrmeu r&Sdavawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd wkefwkef&D&DESifh awmifa0S;av; csNyD;awmh ajcawmftpHkMumy'Hkukd OD;wkdufygw,f &Sdckd; ygw,f? &Sdckd;NyD;wJhtcg rwfwyf&yf vuftkyfcsDNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m; trSL;&SdwJh oHCmawmfawGukd zl;ajrmfuefawmhaew,f/ þrQavmufqkd&ifawmh 'Dtr,ftkdBuD; ewf&Gmok*wdudk a&muf avmufwJhtaMumif;awmh &SdNyDvkdY vHkavmufNyDvkdY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifvnf; odawmfrlwJhtwGuf aU&Sukd qufvufNyD; <uawmfrlygw,f? bk&m;&SifESifh oHCmawmfrsm; awmfawmfav; a0;oGm;wJhtcgaygh? rsufuG,favmuf a&mufwJh tcsdeftcgusawmh p@mvDtr,ftkdvnf; EGm;u a0SUNyD; owfvkdufvkdY aooGm;w,f? ewfjynf a&muf&SdoGm;w,f? ykdufqH b,f ESpfjym;ukefovJ¿ wpfjym;rS rukefygbl;? p@mvwpfOD;u ewforD; jzpfoGm;&w,fqkd&if 'Dvkdusifh0wfy#dywfrsKd;ukd usifhzkdYraumif;bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f/ vlBuD;olrawG aU&SoGm;&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ cg;uav; ukef;&r,f? t½kdtaoay;&r,f? vrf;z,fay;&r,f? ckawmh [dkwpfaeYuyJ 'umwpf a,mufu avQmufw,f? ]]ckacwfuav;awGbk&m; vlBuD;aU&S cg;av; ñTwfNyD; ukef;NyD;oGm;&rSm tifrwef 0efav;aeyHk&w,f}} - wJh? vlBuD; awGaU&Sukd ½kdaowJhtrlt&mav; jyNyD;oGm;wJhpdwfxm; r&Sdbl;? ½kdao oifh ½kdaoxkdufwJh yk*¾dKvfukd ½kdao&w,f? teD;uyfqHk; rdrdtjrJwrf; ½kdao&rnfhyk*¾dKvfawG[m bmvJ¿ rdbESpfyg;yJ? rdbESpfyg;aU&Sukd rdrdu jzwfausmfNyD;oGm;awmhr,fqdk&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ a&S;,Ofaus;rIwpfckaygh cg;uav;ukef;ñTwfNyD;awmh omomav; jznf;jznf;av; oGm;&w,f? aqmifhBuD;atmifhBuD;ESifh oGm;&rvm;¿ r[kwfygbl;? 'gaMumifh 'D,Ofaus; rIuav;awG[m uav;awG&JU oEÅmefrSm udef;0yfwnfaecJh&if ukokdvf w&m;awG wkd;yGm;NyD; rvmEkdifbl;vm;¿ vmEkdifw,f? ykdufqHwpfjym;rS rukefbJESifh &&SdwJhukokdvfyJ? okdYaomf tu,fí ewf&Gmok*wdukd tcg tcGifh roifhao;vkdY ra&mufao;bl;xm;? aU&SaemufrSm jcH&Hxm;wJh 'D ukokdvf pdwfapwemawGuaeNyD;awmh ydkYaqmifay;vkdufvkdY vlUjynf vlUavmuukd wpfywfjyefNyD; vljzpfcJhr,fqdk&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ aem ap um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm ok*wð o*¾H avmuH OyyZÆwd? oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? OpömukvDaem a[mwd/ OpömukvDeoH0wåedum {om rmP0 y#dy'g ,'d'H tw¬a'¨g a[mwd tewdrmeD ---- tbd0ga'wAÁH tbd0ga'wd? ypöK|mwAÁH ypöKa|wd? tmoem&[ó tmoeH a'wd? r*¾g&[ó r*¾H a'wd? ouúmwAÁH ouúa&mwd? *½kumwAÁH *½kua&mwd? rmaewAÁH rmaewd? ylaZwAÁH ylaZwd/ (r-3-247-248/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumihf/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ ok*wð = aumif;rIjyKol okp½kduform;wkdY\ vm; a&muf&mjzpfaom/ o*¾H avmuH = ewfjynfewfavmuokdY/ aem ap OyyZÆwd = tu,fí ruyfa&muf&ao;onf jzpfjim;tHh/ rEkówåH = vlUjynfvlUavmuodkY/ oap tm*päwd = tu,fí qkdufa&muf vmcJhonf jzpfjim;tHh/ ,w¬ ,w¬ = tMuiftMuif trsKd;tEG,fü/ ypömZm,wd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh jzpfay:vm&\/ ww¬ ww¬ = xkdxkd trsKd;tEG,fü/ OpömukvDaem = jrifhjrwfaom trsKd;tEG,f&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf onf/ a[mwd = jzpf&ay\/ vlUjynfvlUavmurSm wpfywfjyefaMumhNyD;awmh vlom;wpfOD; tjzpfESifh a&muf&SdvmcJhr,fqdk&if jrifhjrwfwJhtrsKd;tEG,frSmyJ vmNyD;awmh vljzpf&w,f? 'Dvkdqkd&if 'Drmefrmeuav;awGukd ESdrfcsKd;xm;zkdY raumif; bl;vm;¿ odyfaumif;w,f? ]]igu ynmb,favmufwwfw,f? igu pnf;pdrfOpöm b,favmuf&Sdw,f? igu todÓPf b,favmuf&Sdw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh ukd,fh[mukd,f rmeuav;awG axmifaezkdY vkdao;vm;¿ rvkdbl;? ukd,fhpnf;pdrf&SdvkdY ukd,fh[mukd,frmeBuD;wm bmjzpf&rvJqkdwJh 'Dpdwfxm;rsKd;udk arG;jrLoifhovm;¿ rarG;jrLoifhbl;? arG;jrLvkdufr,fqkdvkdY &Sd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ rdrdu aemifoHo&mc&D;wpfck quf&ef&Sdaeao;&if ,kwfnHhwJh trsKd;tEG,frSm oGm;NyD;awmh vljzpf&r,f? oHo&mc&D; qHk; atmif vkyfEkdif&ifawmh aumif;ygw,f? rqHk;ao;bl;qkdvkdY&Sd&ifawmh bmjzpfrvJ¿ 'Dcufxefwif;rmaewJh pdwfxm;uav;awGukd bmvkyf& rvJ¿ avQmhcsay;&r,f/ omuD0ifrif;om; (6) OD; twk,lxkdufwJh xHk;wpfck &Sdygw,f? bkef;BuD;wkdY omuD0ifrif;om; (6)OD;aygh? t&SiftmeE´mvnf; ygw,f? t&SiftEk½k'¨gç t&Sifudrdvç t&Sifb'´d,ç t&SifA*kç t&Sifa'0'wf - tm;vHk; olwkdYomuD0ifrif;om; (6)OD;yJ? aemufwpfOD;u olwkdY&JUtckdif;tapjzpfwJY qwåmonf Oygvdjzpf w,f/ tJ'D omuD0ifrif;om; (6)OD;wdkY &Sif&[ef;jyKzkdY&eftwGuf jrwfpGm bk&m;xH cGifhawmif;Muw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m; wpf0g&awmfrlNyD;aemuf uydv0wfaejynfawmfukd <uwJhtcsdeftcgrSm uydv0wfaejynfawmfrSm ckepf&ufoDwif;oHk;awmf rlcJhygw,f? oDwif;oHk;awmfrlNyD;wJhaemuf &mZN*dK[fNrdKUukd jyefNyD;t<u ]]tEkyd,ed*Hk; ar"mVKy}} o&ufO,smOfawmtkyfBuD;twGif;rSm oDwif;oHk; awmfrlcdkuf tJ'Do&ufO,smOftwGif;rSmyJ aemufuae olwdkYvkdufvmNyD; awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xH &Sif&[ef;jyKzkdY&ef cGifhawmif;Muw,f? 'DomuD0if rif;om; (6)OD; cGifhawmif;wJhtcsdeftcgrSm olwdkY&JUwpfoufvHk; aus;uRef tjzpfESifh ckdif;apvmwJh qwåmonfjzpfwJh Oygvdvnf; ygygw,f? Oygvd udk olwkdY&JU vuf0wfvufpm;awG tm;vHk;cRwfNyD;awmh qkvmbftjzpfESifh ay;vkdufw,f? ]]oifjyefayawmh? wdkYawmh &Sif&[ef; jyKvkdufNyDvkdYom taMumif;Mum;vkdufayawmh}}vdkY rSmvkdufMuw,f? xkdtcsdefrSm Oygvd qwåmonfuvnf; pOf;pm;w,f? omuD0ifrif;om;awGu tifrwef trsKd;rmefpdwf"mwf odyftm;BuD;w,f? 'Dawmh igu 'Dvuf0wfvufpm; awGukd ,lNyD;awmh jyefoGm;cJh&if ightay:rSm r,kHouFmjzpfcJhvdkY&Sd&if igh twGuf touftEÅ&m,fawmifjzpfEkdifw,f? 'Dawmh igvnf; 'Dvuf0wf vufpm;awGtay: wG,fwmrIr&Sdbl;? igvnf; r,lbl;? igvnf; &Sif &[ef;jyKr,fqkdNyD;awmh tm;vHk; &Sif&[ef;jyKzkdY (7)OD; jzpfoGm;Muw,f? (7)OD;jzpfwJhtcgusawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;xHrSm olwkdYu bmavQmufovJ¿ ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; ...wynfhawmfwdkY omuD0ifrif;om;awGqkdwm u tifrwef ZmwdrmefcufxefwJh rmefrmeBuD;wJh yk*¾dKvfawG jzpfMu ygw,f? 'D ]]Oygvd}}[m wpfoufvHk; wynfhawmfwkdY ckdif;apvmcJhwJh aus;uRefjzpfw,f? 'Dawmh wynfhawmfwkdYukd &Sif&[ef; t&ifjyKNyD;awmh ]]Oygvd}}ukd aemufrS &Sif&[ef;jyKay;r,fqdk&if vlUb0vlUavmuwkef; u wynfhawmfwkdYu Oygvdtay:rSm rmefrmeBuD;cJhovkd &[ef;jzpf awmhvnf; 'DOygvdtay:rSm tay:pD;uyJ aeNyD;awmh qufqHaeMu rSmjzpfw,f? 'ghaMumifh wynfhawmfwkdY&JU wif;rmaewJh pdwf"mwfawG jrifharmufaewJh 'Drmefrmew&m;awGudk ESdrfcsKd;wJhtaeESifh Oygvdudkt&if &Sif&[ef;jyKay;awmfrlyg? wynfhawmfwkdY omuD0ifrif;om; (6)OD;ukdawmh aemufrS &Sif&[ef;jyKay;awmfrlyg/ tJ'Dvkd &Sif&[ef;jyKvkdufr,f qkdvkdY &Sd&if wynfhawmfwdkYxuf 0gBuD;aewJh t&SifOygvdudk wynfhawmfwkdYu ½kdaoMur,f av;pm;Mur,f jrwfEkd;Mur,f? tJ'DtcgrSm wynfhawmf wdkY&JU rmefrmeawG[m usqif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f}} qkdNyD;awmh avQmufxm; Muw,f? olwkdY avQmufxm;awmif;yefwJhtwkdif;yJ &SifOygvdudk t&if ayghav acgifqHk; &[ef;jyKay;vkdufygw,f? omuD0ifrif;om; (6)OD;ukd awmh aemufrSyJ &Sif&[ef;jyKay;vkdufygw,f? 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'Dolawmfaumif;wkdY&JUxHk;ukd ESvHk;rlNyD;awmh rdrdwdkYvnf; 'DrmefrmeawG ukd ESdrfcsKd;Mur,fqdk&if xkdolawmfaumif;wkdY oGm;&SdwJhvrf; a&muf&SdoGm; wJhae&m edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;ukd rdrdwkdYvnf; r&Ekdifbl;vm;¿ &Ekdif w,f/ ckajymaewJh omuD0ifrif;om; &[ef;awmf (6)yg;wkdYtxJrSm t&Sif b'´d,rax&fjrwfvnf; yg0ifygw,f/ xkdrax&fjrwf[m y'krkwå& bk&m;&Sif&JUvufxufawmfu pNyD;awmh --- Opömukvdu-{w'*f = trsKd; BuD;jrwfolwkdYwGif tomqkH;tjrwfqkH; {w'*fbJGUxl;ukd &&Sd&ef &nfoef awmifhwí 0dZÆmrsKd;aphaumif; p&PrsKd;aphaumif;qkdwJh t"dum&aumif; rIukokdvfwkdYukd qnf;yl;cJholjzpfygw,f/ oka'¨g"erif;BuD;vnf; oufawmf (90)ausmft&G,fa&mufawmh wkdif;jynf&JUwm0efukd rxrf;aqmifEdkifawmh wJhtwGuf omuD0ifrif;om;wkdY&JU em,utBuD;tuJavmufom aeEkdif wJhtcsdefrSm omuD0ifrif;wkdYtxJrS trsKd;BuD;i,f tpOftvdkuf rif;jyK xkdufolukd a&G;cs,faomtcg trsKd;tjrwfqkH; tBuD;qkH;jzpfwJh b'´d, rif;om;ukd a&G;cs,fí aU&Saqmifrif;tjzpf cefYtyfMuw,f/ b'´d, rif;om;[m rdrdvuf0,f&&SdNyD;wJh rif;pnf;pdrfudk pGefYvTwfum &Sif&[ef; jyKvmoljzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh Opömukvdu-{w'*fukd &&Sdawmfrlygw,f/ xkduJhokdYaom yk*¾dKvfrsKd;wkdYonfyif rmefrmeukd ESdrfcsKd;EkdifvQif w&m;em y&dowfawGaum bmaMumifh 'DrmefrmeawGudk rESdrfcsKd;Ekdif&rSmvJ¿ - 'Dae&mrSm q&mawmfwpfyg; trdefY&SdwJh 'umuav;wpfa,muf taMumif;ukd ajymOD;r,f/ bkef;BuD;wkdYESifh awmxJrSm twlaezl;wJh q&mawmfwpfyg;u olUwynhfuav;wpfa,muftaMumif;ukd ajymjyzl; w,f/ 'Dwynhfuav;u pdwfaumif;aumif;rESHUovkd jzpfaew,f/ wpf aeY olUq&mawmfukd vmNyD;ESdyfay;um 0wfBuD;0wfi,fjyK&if; olu olU q&mawmfukdavQmufw,f -- ]]q&mawmf ...vlawGu wynfhawmfukd t½l;t½l;vkdY ajymaeMuw,f/ olwkdYuawmh r½l;ovkdbJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m; uawmh ykxkZÆaem Or®wåaum = ykxkZefrSeforQ tukeft½l;csnf;yJvkdY a[mxm;wmyg? wynfhawmfukdom t½l;vkdYajymNyD; olwkdYuawmh r½l; ovkdbJ? trSefrSmawmh rxl;ygbl;? twlwlcsnf;ygyJ? 0-ESpfvkH;ukdquf vkduf&if x-qifxl;csnf; jzpfwmygyJ --}} 'Dvkdolu avQmufxm;w,f/ rSefw,f --- 0-ESpfvkH;ukd qufvkduf&if x-qifxl;csnf; jzpfwmyJ/ rpifxkwfBuD;ukd xrf;NyD; oHo&mrSm vrf;ovm;aeolawGcsnf; r[kwf ygvm;¿ uJaemufwpfck eHygwf ckepfckajrmuf tpHkyJ? ynmÓPfenf;yg;wJhyk*¾dKvfjzpf&jcif; £" rmP0 {uapöm £w¬D 0g yk&daom 0g orPH 0g jAm[®PH 0g OyouFrdwGm e y&dykpädwm a[mwd ]]uð baEÅ ukovH? uð tukovH/ uð om0ZÆH? uð te0ZÆH/ uð ao0dwAÁH? uð e ao0dwAÁH/ uð ar u&D,rmeH 'DC&wåH t[dwm, 'ku©m, a[mwd? uð 0g ye ar u&D,rmeH 'DC&wåH [dwm, okcg, a[mwD}}wd/ (r-3-248/) rmP0 = 'umawmf okbvkvif .../ £" = þavmuü/ {uapöm = tcsKdUaom/ £w¬D 0g = trsKd;orD;onfaomfvnf;aumif;/ yk&daom 0g = trsKd;om;onfvnf;aumif;/ orPH 0g = orPokdY aomfvnf;aumif;/ jAm[®PH 0g = jAm[®PokdYaomfvnf;aumif;/ OyouFrdwGm = csOf;uyfí/ e y&dykpädwm a[mwd = rar;jref;wwf ay/ ar;jref;pHkprf;rI rvkyfbl;? okdYaomf rar;jref;wmwifvm;qkdawmh ruygbl;? 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'D½kyf w&m; emrfw&m;awGukdodatmif b,fyHk b,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm; jzifh usifhMuHBudK;ukwfyGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&r,f-pwJh 'DtcsufawGudk q&m orm;xH csOf;uyfar;jref;zkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f? wpfcg 'D½kyfw&m;ç emrfw&m;awG&JU taMumif;w&m;wkdYukd b,fvkd odatmif pepfwus usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&r,fqdkwJh enf;pepfaumif;awGudk od&SdzdkY&ef q&morm;xHudk csOf;uyfzkdYvkdw,f? aemufwpfcg taMumif; w&m;ESifhwuG 'D½kyfemrfawG&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewåtcsuf awGudkodwJh 0dyóemÓPfawG jzpfay:vmatmif 0dyóem ukokdvf w&m;awGudk wkd;yGm;atmif b,fyHkb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf;tm;jzifh usifh MuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&r,fqkdwJh enf;pepfaumif;uav;awGudk vnf; orP jAm[®P trnf&SdaewJh q&morm;rsm;xHrSm csOf;uyfNyD; avhvmzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfaew,f/ tu,fí tJ'DvkdravhvmcJhbl;? rdarG;wkdif; zarG;wkdif;om aecJh r,fqdk&if 'Dorxukokdvfw&m;awG rdrdoEÅmefrSmjzpfEkdifrvm;¿ rjzpf Ekdifbl;? 0dyóemukodkvfw&m;awGvnf; rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfEkdifrvm;¿ rjzpfEkdifbl;? 'Dvdk tqifhjrifhwJh ukokdvfawGjzpfzkdY tifrwef cufw,f? 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'gaMumifh bm[m ukokdvfw&m;vJvdkY odzkdY&eftwGuf ta&;rBuD;bl;vm;¿ BuD;w,f/ rdrdu tqifhtwef;jrifhrm;wJh b0wpfckukd tvkd&SdcJh&if okdYr[kwf tqifhtwef; tvGefjrifhaewJh edAÁmefukd tvkd&SdcJhw,fqkd&if bm[m ukokdvfac:w,fç 'Dukokdvfw&m;awGukd b,fyHkb,fyef; b,fenf;vrf; tm;jzifh jznhfusifh&r,fqkdwJh usifh0wfy#dywfukdawmh q&morm;xHrSm oif,lzkdY rvkdtyfbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ aemufwpfck - bm[m tukokdvfjzpfw,fqkdwmodrS 'Dtukokdvf rS a&SmifMuOfEkdifr,f? tck -- rsm;aomtm;jzifh ukokdvf tukokdvfukd cJGjcm;rodwJh yk*¾dKvfawGyJ a'go odyfBuD;w,fç rmeawG odyfBuD;w,fç £ómw&m;awG odyfNyD;awmh xlajymMuw,f? £ómç rpä&d,ç rmef rmew&m;awG&JU vTrf;rkd;rI'Pfcsufukd rdrdwkdYu tjrJcHae&wJhtwGuf bmjzpfovJ¿ ]]pdwfnpfygw,f vlUavmuae&wmç csrf;omw,fvkdY r&Sdbl;}} - qkdNyD; wcsKdU 'DvkdNiD;Muw,f? pnf;pdrfOpömawG b,favmufyJ <u,f0csrf;omaeayrJhvkdY wcgwav om;twGufç orD;twGufç ZeD; twGufç ajr;twGufç ypönf;twGufESifh ylyefaomuawGESifh wpfyHkBuD; aeae&wJh yk*¾dKvfawG r&SdMubl;vm;¿ &SdMuw,f? bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ b,f[m ukokdvfw&m;vkdY ac:w,fç b,f[m tukokdvfw&m;vkdY ac:w,fç 'Dukokdvfw&m;awGukd b,fvkdjznhfusifh&r,f? 'Dtukokdvfw&m;awGukd b,fvkd a&SmifMuOf&r,fqkdwJh usifh0wfy#dywfukd pepfwus em;rvnf Mubl;? em;vnfjyefvnf; rusifhMubl;/ tJ'Dvkd em;rvnfwJhtwGuf? atmifatmifjrifjrif rusifhwJhtwGuf pdwfqif;&JNyD; avmurSm aeMu &wmjzpfw,f? aemufwpfck --- uð om0ZÆH? uð te0ZÆH/ baEÅ = t&Sifbk&m; .../ om0ZÆH = tjypf&SdwJhw&m;awGum;/ uð = tb,fygenf;/ te0ZÆH = tjypfr&SdwJhw&m;awGum;/ uð = tb,fygenf;/ tjypf&SdwJhw&m;qkdwmu b,fw&m;ygvJbk&m;? tjypfr&SdwJhw&m; u b,fw&m;ygvJbk&m;? 'Davmufawmh odzkdYrvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyf w,f? aemufwpfck ----- uð ao0dwAÁH? uð e ao0dwAÁH/ ao0dwAÁH = rSD0Joifh rSD0JxkdufwJhw&m;awGum;/ uð = tb,fyg enf;/ e ao0dwAÁH = rrSD0Joifh rrSD0JxkdufwJhw&m;awGum;/ uð = tb,fygenf;/ rSD0Joihf rSD0JxdkufwJhw&m;u b,fw&m;awGvJbk&m;¿ rrSD0Joihf rrSD0JxkdufwJhw&m;awGu b,fw&m;awGvJbk&m;¿ 'Davmufawmh Ak'¨ bmom&,fvkdY jzpfvmNyDqkd&if odzkdYrvdkbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f/ uð ar u&D,rmeH 'DC&wåH t[dwm, 'ku©m, a[mwd? ar = bk&m;wynfhawmftzkdY/ u&D,rmeH = jyKvkyftyfcJhonf&Sd aomf/ 'DC&wåH = aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcgumvwkdY ywfvHk;/ t[dwm, = tusKd;pD;yGm;rJh&eftvkdYiSm/ 'ku©m, = qif;&Jjcif; iSm/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ {wH = þuJhokdYaomw&m;rsKd;onfum;/ uð = tb,fw&m;ygenf;¿ wynfhawmf jyKusifhcJhr,fqdk&if aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcgumvywfvHk; wynfhawmf&JU tusKd;pD;yGm; qkwf,kwfzkdY&ef qif;&J'ku©a&mufzkdY&efjzpfwJh w&m;rsKd;[m b,fw&m;rsKd;vJbk&m;¿ uð 0g ye ar u&D,rmeH 'DC&wåH [dwm, okcg, a[mwd? ar = bk&m;wynfhawmftzkdY/ u&D,rmeH = jyKvkyfcJhonf&Sdaomf/ 'DC&wåH = aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcgumvwkdYywfvHk;/ [dwm, = tusKd;pD;yGm;&Sd&ef tvkdYiSm/ okcg, = csrf;om&ef tvkdYiSm/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ {wH = þuJhokdYaomw&m;rsKd;onfum;/ uð 0g ye = tb,fw&m;rsKd;ygenf;/ wynfhawmf vkdufemjyKusifhcJhr,fqdk&ifvnf; aeYnOfhoHo&m &Snf jrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcgumvwkdYywfvHk; wynfhawmftwGuf tusKd; pD;yGm; &SdzkdY&ef csrf;omzdkY&ef jzpfay:apEkdifwJhw&m;rsKd;[m b,fw&m;rsKd; awGvJ¿ 'Davmufawmh odzkdYrvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f? bkef;BuD;wkdYbk&m; &Sif&JU yd#uwfoHk;yHkrSm a[maewJh w&m;awG[m 'Dw&m;awGyJ? oDv usifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfqkdNyD;awmh usifhpOfoHk;&yfxlaxmif NyD;awmh a[mxm;w,f? rSD0Joifh rSD0JxkdufwJhw&m;awG yGm;rsm;oihf yGm; rsm;xkdufwJhw&m;awG vkdufemjyKusifhoifh jyKusifhxkdufwJhw&m;awG jzpf Muygw,f/ 'DoDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfawGukd jznfhusifh vkdufjcif;[m r*fzkdvfedAÁmefqkdwJh txGwftxdyfokdY a&mufaewJh pD;yGm; awG&&SdzkdY csrf;omawG &&SdzkdYtwGuf jzpfw,f/ edAÁmefqkdwJh txGwfwyfxm;wJh txufwef;tusqHk;jzpfwJh pD;yGm; csrf;omawG &&SdzkdY&eftwGuf bk&m;&Sifonf 'DoDvusifhpOfç 'Dorm"d usifhpOfç 'DynmusifhpOfawGukd pepfwus csrSwfay;oGm;ygw,f? rSD0Joifh rSD0JxkdufwJhw&m;ç vkdufemjyKusifhoifh jyKusifhxkdufwJhw&m;awGyJ? 'Dawmh rdrdu b,fw&m;[m rSD0Joifhw,fç b,fw&m;u rrSD0Joifhbl;vdkY rod bl;? b,fw&m;ukd vkdufemjyKusifhoifhw,fç b,fw&m;udk rvkdufemoifh bl;vdkY rodbl;/ b,fw&m;u tjypf&Sdw,fç b,fw&m;u tjypfr&Sdbl; vdkY rodbl;? tJ'Dvkd rodbl;qkdvkdY&Sd&if rdrdtwGuf rodwmawG wpfyHkBuD; xrf;xm;awmh 'D- usifh0wfy#dywfawGukd aumif;rGefpGm usifhEkdifygOD; rvm;¿ rusifhEkdifbl;? rusifhEkdifwJhtcgusawmh vrf;vnf; vGJroGm;wwf bl;vm;¿ vGJoGm;Ekdifw,f? vrf;acsmfoGm;NyDqkdvkdY&Sd&ifawmh rdrdwkdYtwGuf repfembl;vm;¿ epfemw,f? odyfepfemw,f/ uvsmPrdwåta&;BuD;yHk wpfcsdefrSm t&SiftmeE´mukd,fawmfjrwfu jrwfpGmbk&m;xH csOf; uyfNyD;awmh ar;ygw,f/ olu aeYoefYpifawmfrl&mt&yfrSm pOf;pm;rd w,f? aeYtcg rdrdwkdY&&Sdxm;wJh ormywfawGudk 0ifpm;jcif; orx 0dyóembm0emawGukd usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfjcif;ukd aeY oefYpifw,fvkdY ac:ygw,f? aeYoefYpif&mrStx naecsrf;tcg bk&m; &SifxH csOf;uyfNyD;awmh olu ar;cGef;wpfck ar;jref;avQmufxm;w,f? ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; ...avmurSm owå0gawG om0uawG r*fzkdvfedAÁmefudk &&Sda&;twGuf uvsmPrdwåvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; q&morm;aumif;tay:ü wpf0ufavmuf rSDaew,fvkdY wynhfawmf oabmaygufygw,f jrwfpGmbk&m;}} -- vkdY avQmufxm;awmh jrwfpGm bk&m;u --- ]]tmeE´m ...oif'DvkdrajymESifh q&morm;tay:rSm wpf0uf avmuf rSDaewmr[kwfbl;? vkH;vkH;rSDaew,f? tukefvkH; q&morm; tay:rSm rSDaew,f? bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ bk&m;wnf;[laom uvsmP rdwå rdwfaumif;aqGaumif;BuD;wpfOD;onf avmurSm yGifhxGef;ay: ayguf rvmcJhbl;qkd&if 'Dowå0gawG[m b,fvkdrS r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd r&EkdifMubl;?}} bmaMumifhvJ¿ - r*¾if (8)yg;usifhpOfw&m;qkdwmukd bk&m;&SifwkdY yGifhxGef;awmfrlvmwJh tcgusrS om0uwkdY od&SdcGifhukd &&SdEkdifMuw,f/ ñTefMum;jyoay;rnfh bk&m;&SifuJhokdYaom rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; q&m aumif;orm;aumif;&SdwJY yk*¾dKvfuom r*¾if (8)yg;usifhpOfw&m;ukd usifh EkdifrSmjzpfw,f/ r*¾if (8)yg;usifhpOfukd pepfwus usifhygrSvnf; edAÁmefukd &&SdrSmjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu 'Dvkd qufa[mxm;awmfrlw,f- rrH [d tmeE´ uvsmPrdwåH tm*r® Zmwd"r®m owåm Zmwd,m y&drkpöEÅd? Z&m"r®m owåm Z&m, y&drkpöEÅd? Asm"d"r®m owåm Asm"dawm y&drkpöEÅd? r&P"r®m owåm r&aPe y&drkpöEÅd? aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mo"r®m owåm aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mao[d y&drkpöEÅd/ £rdem acg {wH tmeE´ y&d,ma,e a0'dwAÁH? ,xm ouvar0d'H jA[®p&d,H? ,'d'H uvsmPrdwåwm uvsmPo[m,wm uvsmPorÜ0uFwm/ (oH-1-88-89/) tmeE´m = nDbGm; tmeE´m .../ uvsmPrdwåH = rdwfaumif; aqGaumif;tppf tjzpfBuD;jzpfayaom/ rrH [d = igbk&m;ukdomvQif/ tm*r® = tpJGjyKí/ Zmwd"r®m = y#doaE¨wnfae&jcif; Zmwdoabm w&m; xif&Sm;&SdMuukefaom/ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ Zmwd,m = y#doaE¨wnfae&jcif; Zmwdoabmw&m;rS/ y&drkpöEÅd = vGwfajrmufí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ Z&m"r®m = tkdjcif;Z&moabmw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaeMu ukefaom/ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ Z&m, = tkdjcif;Z&moabmw&m; rS/ y&drkpöEÅd = vGwfajrmufí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ Asm"d"r®m = zsm;em&jcif; Asm"doabmw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaeMuukefaom/ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ Asm"dawm = zsm;em&jcif; Asm"doabmw&m;rS/ y&drkpöEÅd = vGwf ajrmufí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ r&P"r®m = aoausysufpD;&jcif; r&P oabmw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaeMu&ukefaom/ owåm = owå0gtaygif; wkdYonf/ r&aPe = aoausysufpD;&jcif; r&Poabmw&m;rS/ y&drkpöEÅd = vGwfajrmufí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mo"r®m = pkd;&drfylaqG;&jcif; aomuw&m;ç ikda<u; jrnfwrf;&jcif; y&da'0w&m;ç ukd,fqif;&J&jcif; 'ku©w&m;ç pdwfqif;&J &jcif; a'greów&m;ç jyif;pGmylyef&jcif; Oyg,mow&m; xif&Sm; &SdaeMuukefaom/ owåm = owå0gwkdYonf/ aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mao[d = pkd;&drfylaqG;&jcif; aomuw&m;ç ikda<u; jrnfwrf;&jcif; y&da'0w&m;ç ukd,fqif;&J&jcif; 'ku©w&m;ç pdwfqif;&J &jcif; a'greów&m;ç jyif;pGmylyef&jcif; Oyg,mow&m;wkdYrS/ y&drkpöEÅd = vGwfajrmufí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ tmeE´m = nDbGm; tmeE´m .../ ,'d'H uvsmPrdwåwm = tMuif rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; q&maumif;orm;aumif;&Sdaomol\ tjzpfonf/ ,'d'H uvsmPo[m,wm = tMuif taygif;tazmf aumif; &Sdaomol\tjzpfonf/ ,'d'H uvsmPorÜ0uFwm = tMuif rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; olawmfaumif;wkdYtay:ü ñGwfudkif;½Idif;aom pdwf"mwf&Sdaomol\tjzpfonf/ tw¬d = &Sd\/ £'H = þrdwfaumif; aqGaumif; q&maumif;orm;aumif; taygif;tazmfaumif;&Sdaom ol\tjzpf olawmfaumif;wkdYtay:ü ñGwfukdif;½Idif;aom pdwf"mwf &Sdaomol\tjzpfonfum;/ jA[®p&d,H = jA[®p&d,ó = t&d,r*f wnf;[laom jrwfaom tusifhukd usifh&jcif;\/ ouvar0 = tm;vkH;ukdyifvQif NyD;pD;apEkdif\/ 'Da'oemawmft& tkdemaoa&; 'ku©ab;t00wkdYrS vGwfajrmuf zkdY&eftwGuf oHo&m0#frS xGufajrmufaMumif; ed,smeduw&m;aumif; tppfjzpfaom r*¾if (8)yg;usifhpOfw&m;awGukd pepfwus ñTefMum;jyo ay;rnfh q&maumif;orm;aumif; rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; &SdzkdY[m tvGef ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtay:ü ñGwfukdif;½Idif;aewJh pdwfxm;&SdzkdYvnf; tvGefvkdtyfygw,f/ 'Dawmh rdrdwkdYu tqifhtwef; tjrifhrm;qHk;jzpfwJh edAÁmefukd vkdvm; awmifhwcJhr,fqdk&if uvsmPrdwåac:wJh rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; q&m aumif; orm;aumif;ukd qnf;uyfzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f? tJ'D rdwfaumif;aqGaumif; q&maumif;orm;aumif;wkdY&JU ñTefMum;jyo qkdqkH;rwJh enf;aumif;vrf;rSefukdvnf; vdkufemjyKusifhzkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfw,f? usifhpOfu vJGacsmfoGm;NyDqdk&if rdrdwkdY arQmfvifhawmifhwwJh wu,fh edAÁmeftppfudk &Ekdifyghrvm;¿ r&Ekdifbl;aemf? 'gu q&maumif; orm;aumif;awGukd rSD0Jqnf;uyfjcif;aMumifh rdrdrSm b,fvkd ÓPfxl; ÓPfjrwfawG &&SdEkdifw,fqkdwJhoabmukd bk&m;u o½kyfay:atmif a[maewm/ aom awe uar®e {0H orawåe {0H orm'daEée um,ó ab'g y&H r&Pm tyg,H 'k*¾wð 0dedygwH ed&,H OyyZÆwd/ (r-3-248/) ckeu yk*¾dKvfu bm[m ukokdvfvJç bm[m tukokdvfvJ rar;bl;? b,f[m tjypf&SdvJç b,f[m tjypfr&Sdbl;vJ rar;bl;? b,fw&m;ukd rSD0JoifhovJ b,fw&m;ukd rrSD0Jxkdufbl;vJ rar;bl;? b,fw&m;ukd jyKusifhcJh&if aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcg umvywfvHk; qif;&JzkdY&ef tusKd;pD;yGm;qkwf,kwfzkdY&efjzpfovJ¿ b,fw&m;ukd vkdufem jyKusifhcJhr,fqdk&if aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcg umv ywfvkH; tusKd;pD;yGm;&SdzkdY&ef csrf;omzkdY&ef jzpfygovJqkdwJh 'Dar;cGef;awG ukd rar;bl;? rar;awmh vkdufemjyKusifhrIvnf; r&Sdbl;? ukokdvfç tuk okdvfukdrS cJGjcm;rodwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u ukokdvfukd jznfhusifhzkdY tukokdvf ukdvnf; a&SmifMuOfzkdYqkdwm b,fvkdrS rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;? rjzpfEkdifawmh olu jyKoifhjyKxkdufwJh ukodkvfw&m;awGudkvnf; rjyKbJaer,f? a&Smif MuOfoifh a&SmifMuOfxkdufwJh tukokdvfw&m;awGukdvnf; ra&SmifMuOfbJ olaeawmhr,f? tJ'Dvkd aevkdufwJhtwGuf xkdyk*¾dKvfonf bmjzpfrvJ¿ aom = xkdyk*¾dKvfonf/ {0H = þokdY/ orawåe = jynfhjynfhpkHpkH jyKusifhíxm;tyfaom/ {0H = þokdY/ orm'daEée = aumif;pGm aqmuf wnfí xm;tyfaom/ awe uar®e = xkdtukokdvfuHaMumifh/ um,ó = ukd,fcE¨m\/ ab'g = ysufpD;jcif;aMumifh/ y&H r&Pm = pkwdjywfa<u aovGefonfrS aemufumvü/ tyg,H = csrf;om[lí jrLaiGUrQ r&Sdaom/ 'k*¾wð = raumif;rIjyKol 'kp½kduform;wdkY\ vm; a&muf&m jzpfaom/ 0dedygwH = tvkdtmomqE´uif;vsuf z½kdz&J NydKuGJysufpD;vsuf usa&muf&mjzpfaom/ ed&,H = i&JokdY/ OyyZÆwd = uyfa&muf&ay\/ bmaMumifh a&mufoGm;&ovJ ar;awmh ukokdvf tukokdvfukd cGJjcm;rodwJhtwGuf ukokdvfukd rjyKusifhbJ tukokdvfawGudk jyKusifhrdvkdY a&muf&SdoGm;w,f? tu,fí i&Jukd ra&mufcJhbl;qkd&ifawmh bmjzpf rvJ¿ oap rEkówåH tm*päwd? ,w¬ ,w¬ ypömZm,wd? 'kyÜanm a[mwd/ (r-3-248/) tu,fí vlUjynfvlUavmuukd wpfywfjyefNyD;awmh vlvmjzpf cJhr,fqdk&if ukokdvfw&m;awGukd ukokdvfrSef; rodvkdY rjyKusifhcJhrdwJh yk*¾dKvfç tukokdvfw&m;ukdvnf; tukokdvfrSef; rodvkdY ra&SmifMuOfcJhrd wJh xkdyk*¾dKvfonf bmjzpfrvJ¿ ]]'kyÜn}} ynmÓPfenf;yg;wJh yk*¾dKvf jzpf&r,f? bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ ynmÓPfBuD;rm;wJh uHukd olu rxlaxmif cJhvkdYyJ? 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'Dvkdodjrifw,fqkd&if 'Dvkd tod ÓPfrsKd;ukda&m BuD;rm;wJhÓPfynmvkdY rajymEkdifbl;vm;¿ ajymEkdifw,f? tJ'Dvkd ÓPfynmrsKd;[mvnf; bkef;BuD;wkdY Ak'¨bmomomoemawmf twGif;rSmom &&SdEkdifwJh ÓPfynm jzpfygw,f/ 'Dawmh om0uwpfOD;u oHo&mc&D;usifvnfpOftcgrSm - 'Dvkd ½kyfemrfawGukd xGif;azmufodjcif;ç taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGukd xGif;azmufodjcif;ç taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuG 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpö 'ku© tewåtcsufawGukd xGif;azmufodjcif;ç xkd½kyfemrf"r® ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU csKyfqHk;&mjzpfwJh tocFw"mwfjzpfwJh tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwf ukd xGif;azmufodjrifjcif;qkdwJh 'Dtodxl; ÓPfxl;awGukd &&SdcJhr,fqdk&if xkdyk*¾dKvfonf aoonf\ tjcm;rJhü oHo&mrqHk;ao;vkdY b0wpfck vufcH&r,fqdk&if xkdb0rSm 'Dyk*¾dKvfonf ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpfzkdYqkdwm[m cefYrSef;vkdY r&Ekdifbl;vm;¿ &Ekdifw,f? bmaMumifhvJ¿ [kd -- aomwmEk*wokwåefrsm;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mxm;w,f? om0uwpfOD;u bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;jyoqkdqHk;rawmfrlwJh t*Fgudk;wef ESifh jynfhpHkaewJh yd#uwf w&m;a'oemawmfawGukd oifodtaeESifh wu,fvufawGUodatmif q&morm;xHrSm oif,lw,f? oif,lNyD;wJh tcgrSm 'Dyd#uwfawmfrSmvm&SdwJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awGç taMumif; w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGukd usifhodtaeESifh wu,fvufawGU rdrdukd,f wkdif or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrif atmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfw,f? tJ'Dvkd oifod usifhod xkdtodESpfrsKd;jzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;wJh xkdolawmf aumif;onf 'ku©opömtrnf&aewJh xkd½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;ç ork', opömtrnf&aewJh xkdaMumif;usKd;qufEG,frI y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; awG&JU tedpötjcif;t&m 'ku©tjcif;t&m tewåtjcif;t&mawGukd ÓPfESifhjrifatmifMunfhNyD;awmh wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóembm0emur®|mef; udk pD;jzef;aew,f? okdYaomfvnf; r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf rqkdufvkdY b0wpfck ukd tqHk;owfoGm;cJh&r,fqdk&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ ewfjynfewfavmuukd xkdowå0g a&muf&SdoGm;Ekdifw,f? ewfjynfewfavmu a&muf&SdonfESifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; bmjzpfEkdifovJ¿ wó ww¬ okcdaem "r®y'g y’0EÅd/ (tH-1-505/) ww¬ = xkdewfjynfewfavmuü/ okcdaem = csrf;omjcif;&Sdaom/ wó = xkdewfom;jzpfwJh owå0g&JUoEÅmefü/ "r®y'g = w&m;yk'ftpk wkdYonf/ y’0EÅd = xif&Sm;ay:vGifí vmMuavukef\/ xkdewfom;oEÅmefrSm vlUb0 &[ef;b0wkef;u usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfcJhwJh w&m;yk'ftpkwdkYonf aygavm aygavmESifh ay:ae atmif ÓPfxJrSm tvGefBuD;xif&Sm;aew,f? xif&Sm;wJhtwGuf bmjzpf ovJ¿ 'aE¨m bdu©a0 owkyÜga'g? tx aom oawåm cdyÜHa,0 0daoo*grD a[mwd/ (tH-1-505/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ owkyÜga'g = w&m;awmfukd ÓPfjzifh tpOfavQmufí ½IyGm;oHk;oyfwwfaom owd\ jzpfay:jcif; onf (0g) owdESifh wuGaom 0dyóemÓPf\ jzpfay:jcif;onf/ 'aE¨m = EkYHaES;vSao;\/ tx = wu,fpifppfrSmrlum;/ aom oawåm = xkdewfom;jzpfaom owå0gonf/ cdyÜHa,0 = vsifjrefpGmomvQif/ 0daoo*grD = r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmefqkdwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd &avh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpf\/ rdrdvlUb0 &[ef;b0wkef;u usifhMuHBudK;ukwfyGm;rsm;tm;xkwfcJhwJh 'D½kyfemrfw&m;ç taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;ç taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuG 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpötjcif;t&m 'ku©tjcif;t&m tewåtjcif;t&mawG ukd jyefvnfoHk;oyf½IyGm;aewJh owdjy"mef;aewJh okdYr[kwf owdESifhwuG aom 0dyóemÓPfawG jzpfay:aewmu EHkYaES;ao;w,f? wu,f pifppfawmh r*fzkdvf edAÁmefukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD;ukd &&SdEkdifw,fwJh/ 'Dae&mrSm 'Dukokdvfw&m;awG&JUpGrf;tifukd oabmaygufatmif tenf;i,f xyfajymcsifao;w,f .../ a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u ocFg½kayu©mÓPfuJhokdYaom txuf wef;usaewJh 0dyóemÓPfawG &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfxm;Ekdif w,fqkdMupkdY/ 'gayrJh 'D0dyóemÓPfawGu r&ifhusufao;vkdY 'Db0rSm r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd rsufarSmufrjyKEkdifao;bl;yJ xm;OD;awmh? okdYaomf 'D olawmfaumif;u 'D0dyóembm0emukd r&PmoEéaZmokdYwkdifatmif ESvkH;oGif;EkdifvkdY 'Dr&PmoEéaZmuvnf; 0dyóemaZm0DxdpdwftpOfyJ jzpfoGm;NyDqkd&if -- 'D0dyóemonf oHo&mc&D;rSm tvGefwefzkd;&SdwJh bm0emwpfckjzpfoGm;NyD/ 'Dvkd 0dyóembm0emrsKd;ukd &nfñTef;NyD;awmh bk&m;&Sifu txufyg aomwmEk*wokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh pum;&yfrsm;ukd a[mMum;xm;awmfrljcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm ocFg½kayu©mÓPfuJhokdY aom 0dyóembm0emawG&JU pGrf;tm;ukd qufNyD;ajymvkdao;w,f/ - 0dyóemaZmawGuvnf; y#doaE¨tusKd;ukday;ykH 0dyóemaZmawGuvnf; y#doaE¨tusKd;ukday;wwfykHukd bk&m; &Sifu ed'ge0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmf apwemokwåefrSm 'Dvkd a[mMum;xm; awmfrlygw,f --- aem ap bdu©a0 apawwd? aem ap yuayÜwd? tx ap tEkaowd/ tm&r®ParwH a[mwd 0dnmPó Xdwd,m? tm&r®aP owd ywd|m 0dnmPó a[mwd? wo®ð ywd|daw 0dnmaP 0d½laV§ tm,wð ykeAÇ0gbdedAÁwåd a[mwd? tm,wð ykeAÇ0gbdedAÁwåd,m owd tm,wð Zmwd Z&mr&PH aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mom orÇ0EÅd/ (oH-1-295/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ ,Íö = tMuif oHo&m0#fudk vnfywfapwwfonfh avmuD ukokdvfapwem tukokdvfapwemukd vnf;/ aem ap apawwd = aem ap y0awåwd = tu,fí rjzpfay: aponfjzpfjim;tHh/ aem ap yuayÜwd = aem ap yuayÜeH y0awåwd = ]]a,musfm;jzpf&vkd\ rdef;rjzpf&vkd\ vljzpf&vkd\ ewfjzpf&vkd\}} ponfjzifh wPSm'd|dwkdYjzifh yl;wJGMuHpnfrIukd tu,fí rjzpfay:aponf jzpfjim;tHh/ tx = xkdokdYyif jzpfaomfvnf;/ ap tEkaowd = tu,fí tEko,"mwf\ udef;0yfwnf&Sdaeao;onfjzpfjim;tHh/ {wH = þtEk o,"mwf\ udef;0yfwnf&Sdaejcif;onfyifvQif/ 0dnmPó = aemif wpfzef b0opfü y#doaE¨tusKd; y0wådtusKd;ukd jzpfapEkdifaom pGrf;tm;&Sdaom ur®0dnmPf\/ Xdwd,m = wnf&Sdjcif;iSm/ tm&r®PH = taMumif;w&m;onf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ tm&r®aP = tEko, "mwfwnf&Sdjcif;[laom taMumif;w&m;onf/ owd = xif&Sm;&SdcJhygrl/ 0dnmPó = aemifwpfzef b0opfü y#doaE¨tusKd; y0wådtusKd;ukd jzpfapEkdifaom pGrf;tm;&Sdaom ur®0dnmPf\/ ywd|m = axmuf&m wnf&monf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ a,m*g0p&yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef; w,f/ 'Dvkd 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;wJhtcg ocFg&w&m; wkdY&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewåtcsufwkdYukd ykdifydkifEkdifEkdifodatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfw,f/ ocFg&w&m;awGqkdwmuawmh --- 'kku©opöm trnf&wJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awGESifh ork',opöm trnf&wJh t0dZÆm wPSm Oyg'gef ocFg& uH pwJhtaMumif;w&m;awG ukd ac:qkdw,f/ 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd tm½kHjyKNyD;awmh 0dyóembm0em ur®|mef;awGukd pD;jzef;w,f? ocFg½kayu©mÓPfuJhokdYaom 0dyóem ÓPfawGukd&&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfw,f? b0okH;xyf bkHokH;&yfwkdY &JU tjypftm'De0awGukdvnf; aumif;aumif;BuD;odjrifaew,f/ tjypf tm'De0awGqkdwmuawmh 'DocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpö jypfcsufç jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywf tn§Of;yef;tESdyfpuf cHae&wJh 'ku©jypfcsufç azmufjyefysufpD;wwfwJh 0dy&dPmr"r®jypfcsuf 'DjypfcsufBuD;awGukd tjypftm'De0vkdYac:w,f/ ocFg½kayu©mÓPfokdYwkdifatmif 'DocFg&w&m;awGukd vu©Pm ,mOfwifum wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóem½IEkdifwJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;&JU oEÅmefrSm 'DocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU tedpö-'ku©-0dy&dPmr"r®qkdwJh 'Dtjypf tm'De0awGukd awGUjrifae&wJhtwGuf 'DocFg&w&m;wkdYtay:ü NiD;aiGU aew,f &GHrkef;aew,f pufqkyfaew,f/ okdYaomf oHo&mc&D;ukd qkH;oGm;onfwkdifatmif okdYr[kwf t&[wå zkdvfokdYwkdifatmif 0dyóemÓPfawGu r&ifhusufao;vkdY rykdYaqmif Ekdifao;bl;qkd&if aoNyD;aemuf oHo&mc&D;ukd quf&OD;rSm jzpfw,f/ okdYaomf 'D0dyóemÓPfawG jzpfaeonfhtcsdefrSm (31)bkHtwGif;ü wnf&Sdaom 'DocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU tedpö 'ku© 0dy&dPmr"r®qkdwJh 'Djypfcsuf BuD;awGukd awGUjrifaewJhtwGuf ]]a,musfm;jzpf&vkd\ç rdef;rjzpf&vkd\ç vljzpf&vkd\ç ewfjzpf&vkd\}} - pwJh 'Dvkd MuHpnfpdwful;rI wG,fwm rufarmrIawGvnf; r&Sdbl;/ 'D0dyóemÓPf jy"mef;aewJh 0dyóem ukokdvfuHawGukdvnf; b0wpfckckukd &nf&G,fawmifhwí jyKpkysKd;axmif aewmvnf; r[kwfbl;/ okdYaomf tEko,"mwfawGu t&d,r*fw&m; jzifh ry,f&Sm;&ao;wJhtwGuf tikwf"mwftaejzifh udef;0yfwnfae vsufyJ &Sdaeao;w,f/ 'Dvkd tEko,"mwf wnf&Sdaejcif;[mvnf; 'D0dyóemukokdvfuHawGrSm aemifwpfzef b0opfukd jzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdwJh ur®0dnmPfjzpfzkdY&ef taMumif;wpfck jzpfw,fvkdY 'Dvkd bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;awmfrlw,f/ em;&Sif;atmif enf;enf; xyfajymOD;r,f/ 0dyóemÓPfawG qufwkdufjzpfaecsdefrSm wPSm'd|dwkdYjzifh yl;wJGvsuf ]]a,musfm;jzpf&vkd\ç rdef;rjzpf&vkd\ç vljzpf&vkd\ç ewfjzpf&vkd\}} pwJh MuHpnfpdwful;rI r&Sdaomfvnf; --- a,musfm; rdef;r yk*¾dKvf owå0g vl ewf jA[®m ponfjzifh todrSm;rI t0dZÆmEko,ç a,musfm; rdef;r yk*¾dKvf owå0g vl ewf jA[®m pwJh xkdxkdb0ukd wG,fwmrufarmrI wPSmEko,pwJh tEko,"mwfawG[m tikwf"mwftaeeJY udef;0yfvsufyJ &Sdaeao; w,f/ 'Dvkd tEko,"mwf wnf&Sdaeao;&if bmjzpfEkdifovJ¿ --- t|uxmu 'Dvkd &Sif;xm;w,f --- tm&r®ParwH a[mwDwd tEkoa, owd ur®0dnmPó OyÜwåd,m t0g&dwwåm {wH tEko,ZmwH ypöa,m0 a[mwd/ (oH-|-2-66/) 'Dt|uxmu bmukd ajymqkdvkdovJ¿ --- tEko,"mwf udef;0yf wnf&Sdaeao;jcif;onf aemifwpfzefb0opfukd jzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm; &SdwJh ur®0dnmPfjzpfzkdY&ef taMumif;w&m;jzpfw,fqkdwm --- tEko, "mwf xif&Sm;&SdaecJhvQif aemifwpfzef b0opfudkjzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sd wJh ur®0dnmPfjzpfrIukd rwm;jrpfEkdifwJhtwGufaMumifh 'DtEko,"mwf xif&Sm;jzpfrIonf ur®0dnmPfjzpfzkdY&ef taMumif;w&m;wpfck - jzpfukd jzpfw,fvkdY --- 'Dvkd t|uxmu &Sif;jyxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh 0dyóem ukokdvfaZmawG qufwkdufjzpfaecsdefrSm t0dZÆm wPSmwkdY[m Oyg'f- XD-bif taetm;jzifh xif&Sm;rjzpfay:cJhayrJhvkdY tEko,"mwf tikwf "mwftaeeJY udef;0yfwnfaecJhwJhtwGuf xkd0dyóemaZmwkdY&JU aemuf ykdif;umvrSmjzpfap okdYr[kwf aocgeD;umvrSmjzpfap xkdxkdb0ukd ñGwf ukdif;½Idif;aewJh pdwftpOfawG ay:vmwwfMuw,f/ 'Dvkd ay:vmEkdifwJh twGuf 'Dudef;0yfaewJh tEko,"mwfwkdY&JU pGrf;tm;aMumifh 'D0dyóem ukokdvfaZmawGrSm b0opfukdjzpfapEkdifwJh pGrf;tifawG udef;0yfvmMu w,f/ 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu b,fvkdqufa[mawmfrlovJ¿ --- wo®ð 0dnmaP = xkdur®0dnmPfonf/ ywd|daw = wnfcJhonf &Sdaomf/ 0d½laV§ = pnfyifcJhonf&Sdaomf/ tm,wð = aemiftem*wf umvü/ ykeAÇ0gbdedAÁwåd = wpfzef b0opf[k qkdtyfaom jzpfjcif; onf/ a[mwd = xif&Sm;jzpfay:í vmay\/ tm,wð = aemif tem*wfumvü/ ykeAÇ0gbdedAÁwåd,m = wpfzefb0opf[k qkdtyf aom jzpfjcif;onf/ owd = xif&Sm;&SdcJhaomf/ tm,wð = aemif tem*wfumvü/ Zmwd = y#doaE¨wnfae&jcif; Zmwdonfvnf; aumif;/ Z&mr&PH = tkd&jcif; Z&mç aoausysufpD;&jcif; r&P w&m;onfvnf;aumif;/ aomuy&da'0'kku©a'greókyg,mom = pkd;&drfylaqG;&jcif; aomuw&m;ç ikda<u;jrnfwrf;&jcif; y&da'0w&m;ç ukd,fqif;&J&jcif; 'ku©w&m;ç pdwfqif;&J&jcif; a'greów&m;ç jyif;pGm ylyef&jcif; Oyg,mow&m;wkdYonfvnf;aumif;/ orÇ0EÅd = xif&Sm; jzpfay:í vmMuukef\/ {0H = þokdYvQif/ {wó au0vó 'ku©u©E¨ó = þ csrf;omrzuf oufoufaom 'ku©wkH; 'ku©tpktykH\/ ork'a,m = jzpfaMumif; oabmw&m; jzpfjcif;oabmw&m;onf/ a[mwd = jzpfay \/ 'Dur®0dnmPfonf wnfcJhr,fqdk&if pnfyifcJhr,fqdk&if aemif tem*wfrSm wpfzefb0opf[k ac:qkdwJh b0jzpfjcif;oabmw&m;[m xif&Sm;jzpfay:vmrSm aocsmw,f/ aemifwpfzef b0opfqkdwm jzpfcGifh &Sdr,f xif&Sm;&Sdr,fqdk&if aemifwpfzef y#doaE¨aerI tkdrI emrI aorI pkd;&drfylaqG;&rI ikda<u;jrnfwrf;&rIqkdwJh ukd,fqif;&J&rI pdwfqif;&J&rI jyif;pGmylyef&rIqkdwJh 'ku©tpktykHawG[m qufwkdufjzpfvmawmhw,ffvkdY bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'guawmh 0dyóemukokdvf aZmawGu y#doaE¨tusKd; y0wådtusKd;awGukd ay;EkdifykHESifh qufpyfNyD; a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh a'oemawmfawGjzpfw,f/ 0dyóemÓPfay:ü ESpfoufjrwfEkd;rI 'gwGifruao;bl; y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfrSm ocFg½kayu©mÓPfqkdwJh 0dyóemukokdvfuHawGu y#doaE¨tusKd;ukd ay;EkdifykHukdvnf; 'Dvkd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,f --- uxH ykxkZÆeó p aou©ó p ocFg½kayu©m, pdwåó tbdeD[ma&m {uwåH a[mwd¿ ykxkZÆeó ocFg½kayu©H tbdeE´awm pdwåH udvdówd? bm0em, y&dyaE¦m a[mwd? y#da0"ó tEÅ&ma,m a[mwd? tm,wð y#doE¨d,m ypöa,m a[mwd/ aou©óyd ocFg½kayu©H tbdeE´awm pdwåH udvdówd? bm0em, y&dyaE¦m a[mwd? Owå&dy#da0"ó tEÅ&ma,m a[mwd? tm,wð y#doE¨d,m ypöa,m a[mwd/ {0H ykxkZÆeó p aou©ó p ocFg½kayu©m, pdwåó tbdeD[ma&m {uwåH a[mwd tbdeE´a|e/ (y#doH-60/) 'DygVdawmf&JUqkdvkd&if;ukd &Sif;jyr,f -- 'Dae&mrSm aou©yk*¾dKvfqkdwm uawmh psmefr&wJh aomwmyefyk*¾dKvfESifh ou'g*grfyk*¾dKvfwkdYukd qkdvkdyg w,f/ ykxkZefyk*¾dKvfqkdwmvnf; psmefr&wJh ykxkZefyk*¾dKvfukdom qkdvkdyg w,f/ psmef&wJh ykxkZefESifh tem*grfyk*¾dKvfwkdYuawmh jA[®mhjynfrSmyJ y#doaE¨wnfaeMu&rSmrkdY olwkdY&&Sdxm;wJh psmefukokdvfw&m;awGuom olwkdY jA[®my#doaE¨&JUtaMumif;&if; ur®0dnmPfjzpfw,f/ ocFg½kayu©m ukokdvfuHwkdYvkd 0dyóemukokdvfuHawGu jA[®mhjynfrSm y#doaE¨tusKd; ukd ray;EkdifMubl;/ 'gaMumifh txufyg y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfu psmef r&wJh ykxkZefESifh aomwmyef ou'g*grfyk*¾dKvfwkdYukdom &nfñTef;xm; ygw,f/ psmefr&wJh ykxkZefESifh aomwmyef ou'g*grfyk*¾dKvfwkdY&JU ocFg½kayu©mÓPfü pdwfukd a&S;½SLaqmif,lykHcsif;[m wlnDw,f/ b,fvkd wlovJqkd&if --- ocFg½kayu©m0dyóemÓPfukd ESpfoufaom ykxkZefyk*¾dKvf&JU pdwf "mwf[m npfEGrf;w,f? 0dyóembm0em&JU ab;&efvnf; jzpfw,f? 0dyóembm0emaMumifh &oifh&xkdufwJh opömav;yg;ukd xkd;xGif;odjrif jcif;qkdwJh opöy#da0"ÓPfukd &&SdzkdY&efvnf; tEÅ&m,fjzpfw,f/ aemif tem*wfü jzpfvwåHUaom umrok*wdy#doaE¨&JU taMumif;w&m; vnf; jzpfw,f/ --- 'guawmh ckeu &GwfjywJh y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmf&JU qkdvkd&if;yJ/ 'D ae&mrSm t|uxmuqufNyD; &Sif;jyxm;ao;w,f/ y#dorÇd'gr*¾ t|uxm (y#doH-|-1-250/) &JU &Sif;vif;csufuawmh 'Dvkdyg/ --- ocFg½kayu©mÓPfvkdYac:qkdwJh 0dyóemukokdvfaZmESifh pdwåu©P wpfcktwGif;rSm twl,SOfwJG jzpfay:oGm;wJh apwemuHqkdwm &Sdw,f/ ocFg½kayu©m 0dyóemukokdvfapwemuHyJ/ 'DukokdvfapwemuHu pGrf;tif odyfBuD;rm;w,f/ 'DocFg½kayu©mÓPfukd &&SdaewJh a,m*g0p& yk*¾dKvfuvnf; 'DocFg½kayu©m 0dyóemÓPfukd odyfNyD; ESpfoufjrwfEkd; aejyefw,f/ 'DESpfoufjrwfEkd;rIuawmh avmbudavomjzpfw,f/ 'D avmbudavom&JU taxmuftyHhukd &&SdaewJh 'DocFg½kayu©mÓPfqkd wJh 0dyóemukokdvfapwemuHrSm aemifwpfzef b0opfy#doaE¨tusKd; ukd jzpfapEkdifwJhpGrf;tifawG udef;0yfvmw,f/ ocFg½kayu©mÓPfukd ESpfoufjrwfEkd;aewJh avmbudavomtaygif;tazmfukd &&SdwJh ocFg½kayu©m 0dyóemukokdvfapwemuH[m tusKd;0dygu0#fukd jzpfapEkdif jyefw,f/ 'gaMumifh ocFg½kayu©m 0dyóemukokdvfuHu y#doaE¨ pwJh tusKd;0dygufukd wkduf½kdufjzpfapwwfwJh ZeutaMumif;w&m;jzpfw,f/ ocFg½kayu©mÓPfukd ESpfoufjrwfEkd;aewJh avmbudavomu tJ'D ZeuuHukd tm;ay;axmufyHhwwfwJh Oyw¬rÇutaMumif;w&m; jzpf w,f --- 'Doabmw&m;ukd y#dorÇd'gr*¾t|uxm yxrwJG pmrsufESm (250)rSm 'DvkdyJ &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh avmbtaygif;tazmfukd &&SdwJh 0dyóemuHawGuvnf; y#doaE¨pwJh tusKd;0dygu0#fukd jzpfapEkdifw,fvkdYrSwfyg/ tvm;wlyJ aomwmyef ou'g*grf qkdwJh psmefr&wJh aou©yk*¾dKvfawG[mvnf; ocFg½kayu©mÓPfukd ESpfoufcJh&if 'Davmbudavom&JU taxmuf tyHhukd &&SdwJh ocFg½kayu©m0dyóemukokdvfuHuvnf; umrm0p& ok*wdy#doaE¨tusKd;ukd ay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh psmefr&wJh ykxkZefyk*¾dKvfESifh aomwmyef ou'g*grfyk*¾dKvf wkdY&JU ocFg½kayu©mÓPfü pdwfukda&S;½SLaqmif,lyHkjcif;[m wlnDw,fvkdY-ygVdawmfu a[mqkdxm;ygw,f/ uJ --- aomwmEk*wokwåefukd wpfzef jyefqufMuOD;pkdY --- ckajym cJhwJh apwemokwåefESifh y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmfwkdYrSm vm&SdwJhtwkdif; -- tEko,"mwf xif&Sm;&Sdaeol&JU oEÅmefrSmvnf; 0dyóemukokdvfaZm awGu y#doaE¨pwJh tusKd;0dygu0#fukd jzpfapEkdifw,f? NyD;awmh --- ocFg½kayu©mÓPfuJhokdYaom 0dyóemÓPfawGukd ESpfoufjrwfEkd;cJh&if vnf; 'Davmbudavom&JU taxmuftyHhukd&&SdwJh 0dyóemukokdvf uHawGuvnf; y#doaE¨pwJh tusKd;0dygu0#fukd jzpfapEkdifw,f/ --- 'D qkdvkd&if;tcsufukd rSwfom;xm;yg/ w&m;yk'ftpkawG aygavmay:aeygw,f txufuajymcJhwJh aomwmEk*wokwåefrSm vm&SdwJh &[ef;awmf uawmh --- r&PmoEéaZmokdYwkdifatmif wpfenf;ajym&ifawmh aocg eD; aemufqkH;csdefodkYa&mufonfwkdifatmif 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;EkdifcJhw,f/ b0wpfckrSm aemufqkH;jzpfoGm;wJh aZmpdwftpOfukd r&PmoEéaZmvkdY ac:ygw,f/ tJ'D r&PmoEéaZmokdYwkdifatmif 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;ukd pD;jzef;EkdifcJhw,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'D&[ef;awmf&JU r&PmoEéaZmawGu ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU tedpötjcif;t&mç okdYr[kwf 'ku©tjcif;t&mç okdYr[kwf tewåtjcif;t&mukd tm½kH,laeMuw,f/ tJ'D r&PmoEéaZm&JUtm½kHukdyJ b0opfvkdYac:qkdMuwJh ewfom;b0&JU y#doaE¨ b0if pkwdemrfw&m;wkdYu qufvufNyD;tm½kH,lMuw,f/ b0 wpfckrSm trsm;qkH;jzpfavh&SdwJh xkdewfom;&JUtdrf&Sifb0ifpdwfukd,fwkdif u ocFg&w&m;wkdY&JU tedpötjcif;t&mç okdYr[kwf 'ku©tjcif;t&mç okdYr[kwf tewåtjcif;t&mukd tm½kHjyKaewJhtwGuf = xkd;xGif; odaewJh twGuf xkdewfom;&JUoEÅmefrSm ocFg&w&m;yk'ftpkwkdY[m --- a&xJrSm bl;awmif;awGay:ovkd aygavmBuD;ay:aew,f/ 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sif u 'Dvkd a[mMum;awmfrljcif;jzpfw,f --- aom rk|ówd umvH uk½krmaem tnw&H a'0edum,H OyyZÆwd? wó ww¬ okcdaem "r®y'g y’0EÅd/ 'aE¨m bdu©a0 owkyÜga'g? tx aom oawåm cdyÜHa,0 0daoo*grD a[mwd/ (tH-1-505/) aom = xkd&[ef;awmfonf/ rk|ówd = owdvufvGwfonf jzpfí/ umvH uk½krmaem = ysHvGefawmfrlcJhonf&Sdaomf/ tnw&H a'0edum,H = trSwfrxm; wpfyg;yg;aom ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY/ OyyZÆwd = y#doaE¨tm;jzifh uyfa&mufwnfae&ay\/ 'Dae&mrSm - ]]owd vufvGwfw,f}} qkdwJh tcsufESifh ywfoufvkdY t|uxmu 'Dvkd &Sif;jyxm;w,f/ --- rk|ówd umvH uk½krmaemwd e,d'H Ak'¨0peH tEkó&Powd,m tbma0e 0kwåH? ykxkZÆeumvud&d,H ye oE¨m, 0kwåH/ ykxkZÆaem [d rk|ówd umvH ua&mwd emr/ (tH-|-2-364/) 'Dae&mrSm owdvufvGwfNyD; ysHvGefawmfrlw,fqkdwmu Ak'¨0pe trnf&wJh bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;pum;awmfawGukd tzefzef txyfxyf atmufarhtrSwf&wwf ½IyGm;okH;oyfwwfwJh owd&JUr&SdrIukd &nf&G,fí a[mMum;awmfrljcif; r[kwfygbl;/ ykxkZeftjzpfeJY uG,fvGefoGm;&jcif; ukdom &nf&G,fawmfrlí bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;awmfrljcif;jzpfw,f/ rSefayw,f --- ykxkZef[m owdvufvGwfNyD; aovGefonfrnf w,f/ --- 'Dvkd t|uxmu &Sif;jyxm;w,f/ 'Dvkd ocFg½kayu©mÓPfavmuftxd orx0dyóem bm0emawG ukd tm*rokw ac:wJh oifodç t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhod --- þtod ESpfrsKd;jzifh atmifjrifpGm vufawGUusus usifhokH;NyD;wJh &[ef;awmfwpfyg; [m r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd r&&Sdao;rD ykxkZefb0ESifhyJ ysHvGefawmfrloGm;cJh r,fqdk&if ewfjynfewfavmuwpfckckokdY a&muf&SdoGm;Ekdifw,f/ xkdewf jynf ewfavmurSm olbmjzpfEkdifovJ¿ --- jzpfEkdifykHawGukd bk&m;&Sif u (4)rsKd; qufa[mxm;awmfrlygw,f/ eHygwf (1) tcsufukd emMunhf Mu&atmif .../ 1/ wó ww¬ okcdaem "r®y'g y’0EÅd/ (tH-1-505/) ww¬ = xkdewfjynf ewfavmuü/ okcdaem = csrf;omjcif;&Sdaom/ wó = xkdewfom;jzpfaom owå0g&JUoEÅmefü/ "r®y'g = w&m;yk'ftpk wkdYonf/ y’0EÅd = xif&Sm;ay:vGifí aeMuukef\/ [kd - aU&Sykdif;uajymcJhwJhtwkdif;yJ twdwfvljynfvlYavmu &[ef; b0wkef;u r&PmoEéaZmu ocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpö 'ku© tewå tjcif;t&mwpfckckukd tm½kHjyKavawmh 'Dewfom;jzpfwJhowå0g&JU y#doaE¨ b0if pkwdwkdYuvnf; 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpö 'ku© tewå tjcif;t&m wpfrsKd;rsKd;ukdyJ xyfNyD; tm½kHjyKMuw,f/ 'DtarGtESpfukdyJ cH,lMuw,f/ 'Dawmh b0wpfavQmufrSm trsm;qkH;jzpfaewJh jzpfavh&Sd wJh tdrf&Sifb0ifpdwfukd,fwkdifu ocFg&w&m;awGukda&m 'DocFg&w&m; awG&JU tedpötcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewåtcsufawGxJu wpfrsKd;rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mawGukda&m odaew,f/ tdrf&Sifb0ifpdwfukd,fwkdifu ocFg& w&m;awGukd ,ckvkd tm½kH,lEkdifwJhtwGuf --- ewfjynf ewfavmuokdY a&mufopfpjzpfwJh ukd,fxif&Sm; bGm;ueJjzpfay:vmwJh xkdewfom; owå0g&JU oEÅmefrSm a&ay:rSm bl;awmif;awG aygavmay:aeovkd ocFg&w&m;yk'ftpkawG[m aygavmBuD;ay:aew,f/ ol&JU todÓPf rSm ocFg&w&m;yk'ftpkawG[m tvGefBuD; xif&Sm;aeMuw,f/ aemufwpfck - owdjyKp&m&Sdao;w,f/ twdwf&[ef;b0 r&PmoEéaZmESifh ewfom;b0 y#doaE¨b0ifwkdY[m b0jcm;aeayrJhvkdY pdwåu©Ptm;jzifh Munfh&ifawmh tvGefBuD; ra0;uGmvSygbl;/ puúefYykdif; avmufom &Sdaumif;&Sdygvdrfhr,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpö tcsuf 'ku©tcsuf tewåtcsufawGukd odaewJh 0dyóemaZmawG&JU t&Sdeft0gawG[m tvGeftm;aumif;aeao;wJh tcsdeftcgrsKd;vnf; jzpf aeao;w,fqkdwmukd owdjyKxm;yg/ 'Dawmh 'Dewfom;&JU todÓPfrSm ocFg&w&m;yk'ftpkwkdY[m aygavmBuD;ay:aewJhtwGuf bmjzpfoGm;Ekdif ovJ¿ bk&m;&Sifu qufvufa[mawmfrl jyefw,f/ 'aE¨m bdu©a0 owkkyÜga'g? tx aom oawåm cdyÜHa,0 0daoo*grD a[mwd/ (tH-1-505/) bdu©a0 = cspfom; &[ef;wkdY .../ owkyÜga'g = w&m;awmfukd tpOfavQmufí atmufarhwwf ½IyGm;wwfaom 0dyóemÓPfESifh ,SOfwJGvsuf&Sdaom owd\jzpfay:jcif;onf/ 'aE¨m = EHkYaES;vSao;\/ tx = wu,fpifppfrSmrlum;/ aom oawåm = xkd ewfom;jzpfaom owå0gonf/ cdyÜHa,0 = vsifjrefpGmomvQif/ 0daoo*grD = r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmefqkdwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd &avh&Sdonf/ a[mwd = jzpfay\/ ocFg&w&m;yk'ftpkawGu aygavmBuD; ay:aewJhtwGuf 'DocFg& w&m;awGukd wpfzefjyefNyD; 0dyóem½IvkdufwJhtcg 0dyóemÓPfESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh owd&JU jzpfay:wmu EHkYaES;ao;w,f/ r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmefqkdwJh w&m;xl;w&m;jrwfukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; &&SdEkdifw,fvkdY bk&m;&Sifu a[mawmfrlw,f/ tvGefckdifvkHwJh tmrcHcsufwpfck jzpf w,f/ pdwftcs&qkH; touftmrcHvkyfief;wpfckvnf; jzpfw,f/ 'gwGifyJvm;qkdawmh --- ruao;bl;/ bk&m;&Sifu 'kwd,tcsuf wpfrsKd;ukdvnf; qufa[mxm;awmfrlw,f/ "r®uxdu&[ef;awmf a[mMum;wJhw&m;ukd emMum;&vQif tu,fí ewfom;topfjzpfwJh owå0g&JUoEÅmefrSm ocFg&w&m; yk'ftpkawGu aygavmBuD; ay:rvmbl;qkd&if wefcdk;£'¨dyg'fESifh jynfhpkH wJh vlom; "r®uxdu&[ef;awmfwpfyg;u ewfjynfewfavmuokdY wufí w&m;a[mawmfrlwJhtcg w&m;em&if;eJY xkdewfom;[m vlUjynf vlUavmu &[ef;b0u rdrdjznfhusifhcJhwJh orx0dyóemusifhpOfawG ukd jyefNyD;trSwf&Ekdifw,f/ trSwf&wJhtwkdif; orx0dyóembm0em awGukd qufvufNyD; BudK;pm;tm;xkwfvkduf&if r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmef ukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; &Ekdifw,fvkdY bk&m;&Sifu qufvufa[mMum; xm;awmfrlw,f/ "r®uxduewfom; a[mMum;wJhw&m;ukd emMum;&vQif aemufwpfcku wwd,tmrcHcsufyJ --- tu,fí xkdewfom;topfjzpfwJh owå0g&JUoEÅmefrSm ocFg&w&m; yk'ftpkawGuvnf; aygavm ay:rvmbl;ç "r®uxdu&[ef;awmf wpfyg;ESifhvnf; rMuHKBudKufí w&m;rem&bl;qkd&ifç oeukFrm&jA[®m uJhokdYaom ewfom;"r®uxduwpfOD;OD;&JU w&m;awmfukd emMum;cGifh &wJhtcg vlUjynfvlUavmu &[ef;b0wkef;u rdrdtm;xkwfcJhwJh orx 0dyóembm0em vkyfief;&yfawGukd jyefNyD; trSwf&Ekdifw,f/ trSwf &onfESifh wpfNydKifeuf orx0dyóembm0emawGukd qufvufBudK;yrf; vkduf&if ocFg&w&m;awGukd atmufarhwwf ½IyGm;odrf;qnf;wwfwJh 0dyóemÓPfESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh owd&JUjzpfay:jcif;u EkHUaES;vSao;w,f/ wu,fawmh r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmefukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; &Ekdif w,fvkdY bk&m;&Sif qufvuf a[mMum;xm;awmfrljyefw,f/ oDwif;okH;azmfewfom;wpfOD;OD;ESifh awGU&vQif aemufwpfckuawmh pwkw¬tmrcHcsufyJ/ --- tu,fí ewfom;topfjzpfwJh owå0g&JUoEÅmefrSm ocFg&w&m; yk'ftpkawGu aygavmBuD; ay:rvmbl;qkd&ifç "r®uxdu&[ef;awmf "r®uxduewfom;wkdY&JU w&m;awmfukd emMum;cGifhESifhvnf; rMuHKBudKuf cJhbl;qkd&if -- vlUjynf vlUavmu &[ef;b0wkef;u rdrdESifh w&m;usifhazmf usifhzuf oDwif;okH;azmfyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u rdrdxuft&if ysHvGefawmfrlNyD; ewfjynf ewfavmuukd t&if a&muf&Sdaer,f qkdMupkdY? xkdt&if a&mufESifhwJh ewfom;u aemufrSa&mufvmwJh ewfom;topfjzpfwJh rdrdukd vlUjynf vlUavmu &[ef;b0wkef;u usifhcJhwJhw&m;awGukd jyefvnftrSwf&zkdY&ef owday;vkdufwJhtcg rdrd ½IyGm;okH;oyfcJhwJh w&m; "r®awGukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; jyefowd&Ekdifw,f/ owd&wJhtwkdif; orx0dyóembm0emawGukd qufvufBudK;yrf;vdkuf&if ocFg&w&m; awGudk atmufarhwwf trSwf&wwfwJh 0dyóemÓPfESifh ,SOfwJGaewJh owd&JU jzpfay:jcif;u EkHUaES;ao;w,f? r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPf edAÁmefukd vsifvsifjrefjrefMuD; &&SdEkdifw,fvkdYvnf; bk&m;&Sifu qufvuf a[m Mum;xm;awmfrljyefw,f/ tvGef tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;vSwJh tvGef ckdifrmwJh touftmrcHvkyfief;&yfawGyJ jzpfMuw,f/ 'DtusKd;w&m;awG[m ukodkvfw&m; tukokdvfw&m;awGukd cJGjcm; odvkdY tukokdvfukd a&SmifMuOfNyD; ukokdvfukd vkdufemjyKusifhEkdifvkdY tm;ukd; xkdufwJh tqifhokdYa&mufatmif BudK;pm;EkdifvkdY &&SdwJhtusKd;w&m;awGyJ/ 'gwGifyJvm;qkdawmh - ruao;ygbl;/ tu,fí orx0dyóem bm0emukokdvfawGukd pepfwusBudK;pm;vkdufvkdY aomwmywådr*fÓPf zkdvfÓPftxd qkdufcJhr,fqdk&if tJ'D aomwmyefolawmfaumif;[m tyg,foHo&mBuD;rS uGif;vkH;uRwf vGwfajrmufNyD jzpfw,f/ yrwåó p emr pwåma&m tyg,m oua*[o'dom? ("r®y'-|-1-6/) orx0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukokdvfw&m;wkdYü arharhavsmhavsmh aexkdifwJh yk*¾dKvfawGtzkdY tyg,fav;bkHwkdY[m ukd,ftkd;ukd,ftdrfESifh wlw,f --- wJh/ owå0gawG[m oHo&mc&D;usifvnfckdufrSm tyg,fav;bkH oHo&mrSmom a,bk,stm;jzifh taersm;cJhMuw,f? ok*wdoHo&mqkdwm uawmh wpfcgwpf&HrS tvnftywfa&mufvmwJh oabmavmufom &Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tyg,fav;bkHrS tNyD;wkdif vGwfajrmufzkdkYqkdwm tvGefcufcJwJh vkyfief;&yfwpfckjzpfygw,f/ vGwfajrmufzkdY&ef 'Davmuf cufcJwJh tyg,fav;bkHrS tNyD;wkdif uRwfvGwfxGufajrmufzkdY&ef aomwmywådr*fukokdvfuJhokdYaom ukokdvfw&m;wpfck xif&Sm;&Sdw,fqkd&if 'DukokdvfrsKd;awGukd &atmif,lxm;zkdY raumif;bl;vm;/ odyfaumif; w,f? odyfaumif;w,f/ t&d,r*fukokdvfvkd tqifhjrifhwJhukokdvfawG ukd&&SdzkdYqkdwm oDvukokdvf orm"dukokdvf 0dyóemukokdvfawGESifh uif;NyD; &&SdEkdifwJhoabm r&Sdbl;/ 'DoDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf 0dyóem usifhpOfawGukd pepfwus usifhzkdYqkdwmuvnf; om0uwpfOD;tzkdY q&m orm;ESifhuif;NyD; &&SdEkdifwJh obm0wpfckawmh r[kwfbl;/ 'gaMumifh ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;awGxH csOf;uyfNyD; ukokdvf tukokdvfukd cJGjcm; odatmif BudK;pm;zkdYvnf;vkdw,f/ odNyD;wJhtcg tukokdvfukd a&SmifNyD; ukokdvfukdvnf; t&d,r*fÓPfqkdwJh txGwftxdyfukd a&mufatmif BudK;pm;zkdY odyfaumif;w,f/ aemufwpfckajymOD;r,f --- tu,fí ou'g*grdr*fukokdvftxd qkdufatmiftm;xkwfEkdifcJh&if 'DvlUjynfvlUavmuukd wpfBudrfyJjyefvm cGifh tvGefqkH;&SdEkdifw,f/ tu,fí tem*grdr*fukokdvfukdqkdufwJhtxd BudK;pm;EkdifcJh&if umr (11)bkHrS uGif;vkH;uRwfvGwfoGm;r,f/ tu,fí t&[wår*fukokdvfukd qkdufwJhtxd BudK;pm;EkdifcJh&ifawmh (31)bkHrS uGif;vkH;uRwf vGwfNyD? tkdab;qkd;BuD;rS tNyD;wkdifvGwfNyD? emab;qkd;BuD;rS tNyD;wkdifvGwfNyD? aoab;qkd;BuD;rS tNyD;wkdifvGwfNyD? y#doaE¨tzefzef txyfxyf wnfae&jcif; Zmwdab;qkd;BuD;rS tNyD;wkdifvGwfNyD? odyftm; &p&m aumif;w,f/ trGefjrwfqkH; touftmrcHvkyfief;&yfawGyJ jzpf Muw,f? trGefjrwfqkH; ukokdvfawG jzpfMuw,f/ tu,fí BudK;pm;aomfvnf; t&d,r*fÓPfokdY rqkdufa&mufcJhvkdY ykxkZeftjzpfeJY oHo&mc&D;ukd quf&OD;r,fqdk&if ckeuajymcJhwJh -- aomwmEk*wokwåefrSm vm&SdwJhtwkdif; ewfjynfewfavmurSm t&d, r*fÓPf zkdvfÓPfukd vsifvsifjrefjrefBuD; &&SdEkdifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh --- yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u b,f[m ukodkvfw&m;vJ¿ b,f[m tukokdvfw&m;vnf; ponfjzifh ukokdvfç tukokdvfawGukd cJGjcm;pdwfjzm NyD; odatmif q&morm;xHrSm csOf;uyfavhvmNyD;awmh 'Dukodkvfw&m; awGukd rdrdoEÅmefü udef;0yfwnfaevmatmif BudK;pm;oifhw,f/ bm ukodkvfawGudk BudK;pm;&rSmvJ¿ -- 'geukokdvfç oDvukodkvfç orx ukokdvfç 0dyóemukodkvfqkdwJh 'DukokdvfawGukd rdrd&JU ½kyfemrfoEÅmef tpOfrSm udef;0yfwnfaevmatmif BudK;pm;&r,f/ 'Dvdkyg&rDjznfhaewJh olawmfaumif;[m b,fb0a&mufa&muf ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvfç ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJh olawmfaumif;jzpfzkdY odyfvG,foGm;NyD? 'g[m ÓPf ynmBuD;rm;jcif;&JUtaMumif;yJ/ 'Dvkdqkd&if rdrdu oHo&mc&D; quf&OD;rSm &Sdaeao;vkdY oHo&m c&D;wpfcku rdrdukd qD;BudKr,fqdk&if ÓPfynmxHkxkdif;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpf& wmESifh ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJhyk*¾dKvf jzpf&wm b,f'if;u aumif;ovJ¿ ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wmu aumif;w,f? 'Dvkdqkd ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD; jzpfcsifw,fqkd&if bmvkyf&rvJ¿ 'geukokdvf oDvukokdvf orxukodkvf 0dyóemukokdvf[k - ac:qkdtyfwJh 'D ukokdvfw&m;awGudk rdrd\ ½kyfemrfoEÅmeftpOfrSm udef;0yfvmatmif BudK;pm;ygvkdY bk&m;&Sifu wkdufwGef;xm;w,f/ yg&rDjznhfaewmyJ? wpf enf;tm;jzifhawmh pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJaewmyJ? rdrdwkdY&JU pdwf "mwfu ]]ygyo®ð &rwd raem}} -- qkdwJhtwkdif; raumif;rI tukodkvf awGESifh arGUavsmfaysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufaewJh pdwf"mwf jzpfygw,f? 'Dpdwf "mwfukd aumif;rIukokdvfw&m;bufrSm arGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufvm atmif rdrdwkdYu bmvkyf&rvJ¿ jyKjyifajymif;vJay;zkdYvkdw,f? tJ'Dvkd jyKjyifajymif;vJrI rvkyfcJhbl;qkdvdkY&Sd&if rdarG;wkdif; zarG;wkdif; aecJhr,f qkd&ifawmh bmjzpfrvJ¿ raumif;wJh 'Dtukokdvfw&m;awGu bmvkyf rvJ¿ e [d "ar®m t"ar®m p? Oabm or0dygudaem/ t"ar®m ed&,H aewd? "ar®m ygaywd ok*¾wð/ (ck-7-357/ ck-10-157/) "r®ESifh t"r®ç ukodkvfESifh tukokdvf ESpfrsKd;&SdwJh teufu t"r® vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh rolawmfw&m; tukokdvfw&m;awGu i&J a&muf atmif ykdYaqmifay;r,f? "r®vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh ukokdvfw&m;awGu aumif;&mok*wd a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;rSm jzpfw,f? 'Dawmh rdrd wkdYu aumif;&mok*wdukd vkdvm;awmifhwcJhw,fqkd&if xkdaumif;&m ok*wdrSmvnf; ÓPfynmBuD;rm;wJh olawmfaumif; tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;wJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD; jzpfcsifygw,fqkd&if rdrdwkdY&JU pdwf"mwf awGrSm tukokdvfw&m;awG udef;0yfwnfaerI r&Sdatmifç ukodkvf w&m;awGom tjrJwrf; udef;0yfwnfaerI&Sdatmif jyKjyifajymif;vJay;zkdY rvkdbl;vm;¿ vkdtyfaew,f? tu,fí rjyKjyifbJ aecJhr,fqdk&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ ,o®m 'd|d*'´Kvedódwm, wPSm&ZÆK,m ouúm,xarÇ OyedAa'¨g 0¥edódawm AmvykxkZÆaem oAÁd&d,myaxok cE¨yÍöuH edóma,0 y0wåwd/ (oH-|-2-299/) 'Dw&m;tpwkef;u ed'gef;csDcJhwJh pum;av;yJ? t|uxmu zGifh xm;w,f? vnfyif;rSm bmjzpfovJ 'd|dqkdwJh awmufBuD;udk qJGxm;w,f? igyJ olyJ a,mufsm;yJ rdef;ryJ yk*¾dKvfyJ owå0gyJ om;yJ orD;yJ ZeD;yJ ajr;yJ jrpfyJpwJh 'DvkdpGJvrf;,HkMunfcsuf ouúm,'d|dawmufBuD;udk vnf yif;rSm qJGxm;w,f? qJGxm;NyD;awmh ighom; ighorD; ighZeD; ighajr; igh ypönf;qkdwJY wPSmwnf;[laomBudK;jzifhvnf; xyfNyD;awmh wkdifwpfwkdif rSm csnfxm;w,f? b,fwkdifvJ¿ cE¨mig;yg;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh ouúm, wkdifBuD;rSm csnfxm;w,f? tJ'Dvkd tcsnfcHae&wJhç cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrf w&m;wkdY&JU y&rw¬"r®obm0ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm xGif;azmufrodwJh 'DykxkZefirkdufom;[m avsmif;xkdif&yfoGm; av;yg;aom £&d,mykxf awGrSm oljzpfatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfEkdifcJh&if bmukdjzpfatmif BudK;pm; tm;xkwfEkdifovJ¿ cE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;yJ? tJ'DcE¨mig;yg; ½kyfemrf w&m;awGukdomjzpfatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfEkdifrSmjzpfw,f? bmaMumifh vJ¿ 'd|dqdkwJh awmufBuD;udk vnfyif;rSm qGJxm;NyD; cE¨mig;yg;qdkwJh csnfwdkifrSm wPSmqdkwJhBudK;ESifh cdkifcdkifcHhcHh csnfxm;wJhtwGuf aeYpOf oljyKorQ ajymorQ MuHpnforQ um,uHrI 0pDuHrI raemuHrIawG[m cE¨mig;yg;udkom jzpfapEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/ tJ'Dvkd cE¨mig;yg;udk jzpf atmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfwJhtykdif;rSm rdrdwkdYbufu vdrfrmuRrf;usifrI r&SdcJhbl;qkd&if bmjzpfrvJ¿ rD;rsm;awmh rD;Ekdifw,f? a&rsm;awmh a& Ekdifw,f? tJ'D ykHpHuav;wpfckudk t|uxmu zGifhxm;w,f/